different between end vs drift

English

Alternative forms

• ende (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English ende, from Old English ende, from Proto-Germanic *andijaz (compare Dutch einde, German Ende, Norwegian ende, Swedish ände), from Proto-Indo-European *h?entíos (compare Old Irish ét (“end, point”), Latin antiae (“forelock”), Albanian anë (“side”), Ancient Greek ?????? (antíos, “opposite”), Sanskrit ?????? (antya, “last”)), from *h?entíos (“front, forehead”). More at and and anti-.

The verb is from Middle English enden, endien, from Old English endian (“to end, to make an end of, complete, finish, abolish, destroy, come to an end, die”), from Proto-Germanic *andij?n? (“to finish, end”), denominative from *andijaz.

Pronunciation

• enPR: ?nd, IPA^(key): /?nd/
• Rhymes: -?nd

Noun

end (plural ends)

1. The terminal point of something in space or time.
   • 1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows:

     they followed him... into a sort of a central hall; out of which they could dimly see other long tunnel-like passages branching, passages mysterious and without apparent end.

2. (by extension) The cessation of an effort, activity, state, or motion.

   Is there no end to this madness?

3. (by extension) Death.

   He met a terrible end in the jungle.

   I hope the end comes quickly.

   • c. 1592, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Richard the Third, Act II, scene i:

     Confound your hidden falsehood, and award / Either of you to be the other's end.

   • 1732, Alexander Pope, (epitaph) On Mr. Gay, in Westminster Abbey:

     A safe companion and and easy friend / Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end.

4. The most extreme point of an object, especially one that is longer than it is wide.

   Hold the string at both ends.

   My father always sat at the end of the table.

5. Result.
   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Act V, scene i:

     O that a man might know / The end of this day's business ere it come!

6. A purpose, goal, or aim.
   • 1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe, Act III, scene i:

     But, losing her, the End of Living lose.

   • 1825, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Aids to Reflection in the Formation of a Manly Character, Aphorism VI, page 146:

     When every man is his own end, all things will come to a bad end.

   • 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.21:

     There is a long argument to prove that foreign conquest is not the end of the State, showing that many people took the imperialist view.

7. (cricket) One of the two parts of the ground used as a descriptive name for half of the ground.

8. (American football) The position at the end of either the offensive or defensive line, a tight end, a split end, a defensive end.
   • 1926, F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, Penguin 2000, page 11:

     Her husband, among various physical accomplishments, had been one of the most powerful ends that ever played football at New Haven [...].

9. (curling) A period of play in which each team throws eight rocks, two per player, in alternating fashion.
10. (mathematics) An ideal point of a graph or other complex.
11. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap.

    odds and ends

    • c. 1592, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Richard the Third, Act I, scene iii:

      I clothe my naked villainy / With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ, / And seem a saint, when most I play the devil.

12. One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.
13. (in the plural, slang, African-American Vernacular) Money.

    Don't give them your ends. You jack that shit!

Usage notes

• Adjectives often used with "end": final, ultimate, deep, happy, etc.

Synonyms

• (final point in space or time): conclusion, limit, terminus, termination
• See also Thesaurus:goal

Antonyms

• (final point of something): beginning, start

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ???

Translations

Verb

end (third-person singular simple present ends, present participle ending, simple past and past participle ended)

1. (intransitive, ergative) to come to an end

2. (transitive) To finish, terminate.

   • And on the seventh day God ended his worke […]

   • c. 1599, William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice, Act II, scene iii:

     If thou keep promise, I shall end this strife

   • 1896, A. E. Housman, A Shropshire Lad, XLV, lines 7-8:

     But play the man, stand up and end you, / When your sickness is your soul.

Conjugation

Translations

Derived terms

• ending
• end up
• never-ending
• unending

Anagrams

• DEN, DNE, Den, Den., NDE, NED, Ned, den, edn., ned

Albanian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *antis/t, from Proto-Indo-European *h?n?t-jes/t (“to plait, weave”).

Verb

end (first-person singular past tense enda, participle endur)

1. (transitive) to weave

   Synonyms: vej, vegjoj

Derived terms

• endem

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?end?-.

Verb

end (first-person singular past tense enda, participle endur)

1. (intransitive) to bloom, blossom
2. (transitive) to flyblow

Derived terms

• endëc

Related terms

• endë

References

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse enn, probably from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then”), like English than, German denn (“than, for”). For the loss of þ-, cf. Old Norse at (“that”) from Proto-Germanic *þat (“that”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?n/

Conjunction

end

1. than (in comparisons)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse enn, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h?entí.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?n/

Adverb

end

1. still (archaic)

2. (with interrogatives) no matter, ever

3. even (in the modern language only in the combination end ikke "not even")

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??n?/

Verb

end

1. imperative of ende

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch ende (“end”) with apocope of the final -e.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?nt/
• Hyphenation: end
• Rhymes: -?nt

Noun

end n (plural enden, diminutive endje n)

1. end
2. travel distance
3. a short length of something (such as a stick or a rope)

Synonyms

• einde
• eind

Usage notes

The form end is more informal than both einde and eind and is mainly used colloquially.

Anagrams

• den

Estonian

Pronoun

end

1. partitive singular of ise

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English ende.

Noun

end

1. Alternative form of ende

Etymology 2

From Old English endian.

Verb

end

1. Alternative form of enden

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

end

1. imperative of ende

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

end

1. imperative of enda and ende

Vilamovian

Etymology

From Middle High German ende, from Old High German enti.

Pronunciation

Noun

end n

1. end

Antonyms

• ofaong

English

Etymology

From Middle English drift, dryft (“act of driving, drove, shower of rain or snow, impulse”), from Old English *drift (“drift”), from Proto-Germanic *driftiz (“drift”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?reyb?- (“to drive, push”). Equivalent to drive +? -th; cognate with North Frisian drift (“drift”), Saterland Frisian Drift (“current, flow, stream, drift”), Dutch drift (“drift, passion, urge”), German Drift (“drift”) and Trift (“drove, pasture”), Swedish drift (“impulse, instinct”), Icelandic drift (“drift, snow-drift”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: dr?ft, IPA^(key): /d??ft/
• Rhymes: -?ft

Noun

drift (countable and uncountable, plural drifts)

1. (physical) Movement; that which moves or is moved.
   1. Anything driven at random.

      • Some log perhaps upon the waters swam, a useless drift.

   2. A mass of matter which has been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together in a heap, etc., especially by wind or water.
      • 1855, Elisha Kent Kane, Arctic explorations: The second Grinnell expedition in search of Sir John Franklin

        We […] got the brig a good bed in the rushing drift [of ice].

      • 2012, David L. Culp, The Layered Garden: Design Lessons for Year-Round Beauty from Brandywine Cottage, Timber Press, page 168:

        Many of these ground-layer plants were placed in naturalistic drifts to make it appear as if they were sowing themselves.

   3. The distance through which a current flows in a given time.
   4. A drove or flock, as of cattle, sheep, birds.
      • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The History of the University of Cambridge since the Conquest

        cattle coming over the bridge (with their great drifts doing much damage to the high ways)

   5. A collection of loose earth and rocks, or boulders, which have been distributed over large portions of the earth's surface, especially in latitudes north of forty degrees, by the retreat of continental glaciers, such as that which buries former river valleys and creates young river valleys.
      • 1867, E. Andrews, "Observations on the Glacial Drift beneath the bed of Lake Michigan," American Journal of Science and Arts, vol. 43, nos. 127-129, page 75:

        It is there seen that at a distance from the valleys of streams, the old glacial drift usually comes to the surface, and often rises into considerable eminences.

   6. Driftwood included in flotsam washed up onto the beach.
   7. (obsolete) A driving; a violent movement.
      • 1332, author unknown, King Alisaunder

        The dragon drew him [self] away with drift of his wings.

   8. Course or direction along which anything is driven; setting.
      • 1589, Richard Hakluyt The Principal Navigations

        Our drift was south.

   9. That which is driven, forced, or urged along.
2. The act or motion of drifting; the force which impels or drives; an overpowering influence or impulse.
   • 1678, Robert South, Prevention of Sin an unvaluable Mercy, sermon preached at Christ-Church, Oxon on November 10, 1678

     A bad man, being under the drift of any passion, will follow the impulse of it till something interpose.

3. A place (a ford) along a river where the water is shallow enough to permit crossing to the opposite side.
4. The tendency of an act, argument, course of conduct, or the like; object aimed at or intended; intention; hence, also, import or meaning of a sentence or discourse; aim.
   • c. early 1700s, Joseph Addison, A Discourse on Ancient and Modern Learning

     He has made the drift of the whole poem a compliment on his country in general.
5. (architecture) The horizontal thrust or pressure of an arch or vault upon the abutments.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

6. (handiwork) A tool.
   1. A slightly tapered tool of steel for enlarging or shaping a hole in metal, by being forced or driven into or through it; a broach.
   2. A tool used to pack down the composition contained in a rocket, or like firework.
   3. A tool used to insert or extract a removable pin made of metal or hardwood, for the purpose of aligning and/or securing two pieces of material together.
7. A deviation from the line of fire, peculiar to oblong projectiles.
8. (uncountable) Minor deviation of audio or video playback from its correct speed.
   • 1975, Broadcast Management/engineering (volume 11)

     Reference sync servo system — permits minimal time-base error, assuring minimum jitter and drift.

9. (uncountable, film) The situation where a performer gradually and unintentionally moves from their proper location within the scene.
   • 1970, Michael Pate, The Film Actor: Acting for Motion Pictures and Television (page 64)

     There is another form of drift when playing in a scene with other actors.

10. (mining) A passage driven or cut between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean gallery; an adit or tunnel.
11. (nautical) Movement.
    1. The angle which the line of a ship's motion makes with the meridian, in drifting.
    2. The distance a vessel is carried off from her desired course by the wind, currents, or other causes.
    3. The place in a deep-waisted vessel where the sheer is raised and the rail is cut off, and usually terminated with a scroll, or driftpiece.
    4. The distance between the two blocks of a tackle.
    5. The difference between the size of a bolt and the hole into which it is driven, or between the circumference of a hoop and that of the mast on which it is to be driven.
12. (cricket) A sideways movement of the ball through the air, when bowled by a spin bowler.
13. Slow, cumulative change.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

drift (third-person singular simple present drifts, present participle drifting, simple past and past participle drifted)

1. (intransitive) To move slowly, especially pushed by currents of water, air, etc.
2. (intransitive) To move haphazardly without any destination.

3. (intransitive) To deviate gently from the intended direction of travel.
4. (transitive) To drive or carry, as currents do a floating body.
   • 1865-1866, John Henry Newman, Apologia Pro Vita Sua

     I was drifted back first to the ante - Nicene history , and then to the Church of Alexandria

5. (transitive) To drive into heaps.

6. (intransitive) To accumulate in heaps by the force of wind; to be driven into heaps.

7. (mining, US) To make a drift; to examine a vein or ledge for the purpose of ascertaining the presence of metals or ores; to follow a vein; to prospect.
8. (transitive, engineering) To enlarge or shape, as a hole, with a drift.
9. (automotive) To oversteer a vehicle, causing loss of traction, while maintaining control from entry to exit of a corner. See Drifting (motorsport).

Derived terms

Translations

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse drift, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz, cognate with Swedish drift, English drift, German Trift, Dutch drift. Derived form the verb *dr?ban? (“to drive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dreft/, [?d??æfd?]

Noun

drift c (singular definite driften, plural indefinite drifter)

1. (uncountable) operation, running (of a company, a service or a mashine)
2. (uncountable) service (of public transport)
3. (psychology) drive, urge, desire
4. (uncountable) drift (slow movement in the water or the air)
5. drove (driven animals)

Derived terms

References

• “drift” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch drift, also dricht, from Old Dutch *drift, from Proto-West Germanic *drifti, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dr?ft/
• Hyphenation: drift
• Rhymes: -?ft

Noun

drift f (plural driften)

1. passion
2. strong and sudden upwelling of anger: a fit
3. urge, strong desire
4. violent tendency
5. flock (of sheep or oxen)
6. deviation of direction caused by wind: drift
7. path along which cattle are driven

Derived terms

• driftig
• geestdriftig
• aandrift
• geestdrift
• sneeuwdrift
• driftbui
• driftkikker
• driftsneeuw

Descendants

• Afrikaans: drif

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tr?ft/

Noun

drift f (genitive singular driftar, nominative plural driftir)

1. snowdrift

Declension

Synonyms

• drífa

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse drift

Noun

drift f or m (definite singular drifta or driften, indefinite plural drifter, definite plural driftene)

1. operation (av / of)

Derived terms

References

• “drift” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse drift

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dr?ft/

Noun

drift f (definite singular drifta, indefinite plural drifter, definite plural driftene)

1. operation (av / of)
2. drift (being carred by currents)
3. drive (motivation)

Derived terms

• driftskostnad
• driftsmessig
• firehjulsdrift
• gruvedrift

References

• “drift” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse dript, from Proto-Germanic *driftiz.

Noun

drift c

1. urge, instinct
2. operation, management (singular only)

Declension