different between eardrum vs tympanum

English

Alternative forms

• ear drum

Etymology

ear +? drum

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /????d??m/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?i??d??m/
• Rhymes: -??d??m

Noun

eardrum (plural eardrums)

1. (anatomy) A thin membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and transmits sound from the air to the malleus.

Synonyms

• membrana tympanica
• tympanic membrane

Translations

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tympanum (“a drum, timbrel, tambourine; the eardrum”). Doublet of timbre and timpani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?t?m.p?n.?m/
• Rhymes: -?mp?n?m

Noun

tympanum (plural tympanums or tympana)

1. (archaic) a drum
2. (anatomy, zootomy) Any of various anatomic structures in various animals with analogy to a drum head:
   1. (anatomy, zootomy) the eardrum (tympanic membrane, membrana tympanica).
   2. (anatomy, zootomy) the main portion of the middle ear: the tympanic cavity (cavitas tympani).
   3. (zootomy, entomology) a thin tense membrane covering the hearing organ on the leg or body of some insects, sometimes adapted (as in cicadas) for producing sound.
   4. (zootomy) a membranous resonator in a sound-producing organ in frogs and toads.
   5. (zootomy) (in certain birds) the labyrinth at the bottom of the windpipe.
3. (architecture) a vertical recessed triangular space between the sides of a pediment, typically decorated
   1. the recessed triangular space within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch, spanning the opening below the arch
4. (engineering) a drum-shaped wheel with spirally curved partitions by which water is raised to the axis when the wheel revolves with the lower part of the circumference submerged; used for raising water, as for irrigation

Derived terms

Translations

References

• “tympanum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• “tympanum”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date or year).

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ????????? (túmpanon, “a kettledrum, drum”), from ?????? (túpt?, “to strike, beat, smite”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?tym.pa.num/, [?t??mpän???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?tim.pa.num/, [?t?imp?num]

Noun

tympanum n (genitive tympan?); second declension

1. (literally, music) drum, timbrel, tambour, tambourine
   1. (figuratively) timbrel as a figure of something effeminate or enervating
2. (transferred sense) (of things of a like shape):
   1. drum or wheel in machines for raising weights, in water organs, etc.
   2. (architecture):
      1. triangular area of a pediment
      2. panel of a door
      3. part of the clepsydra

         Synonym: phellos

Inflection

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Derived terms

• tympanium

Related terms

Descendants

Note: see ????????? (túmpanon) for later re-borrowings from Byzantine.

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002) , “tympanum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 132, page 455
• tympanum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• tympanum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tympanum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• tympanum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• tympanum in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia?^[1]
• tympanum in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tympanum in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

tympanum n

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by tympanon