different between dwarf vs dominate

English

Etymology

From Middle English dwerf, dwergh, dwerw, dwer?, from Old English dweorh, dweorg (“dwarf”), from Proto-West Germanic *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz.

Cognate with Scots dwerch; Old High German twerc (German Zwerg); Old Norse dvergr (Swedish dvärg); Old Frisian dwirg (West Frisian dwerch); Middle Low German dwerch, dwarch, twerg (German Low German Dwarg, Dwarch); Middle Dutch dwerch, dworch (Dutch dwerg).

The Modern English noun has undergone complex phonetic changes. The form dwarf is the regular continuation of Old English dweorg, but the plural dweorgas would have given rise to dwarrows and the oblique stem dweorge- would have led to dwery. These forms are sometimes found as the nominative singular in Middle English texts and in English dialects. A parallel case is that of Old English burg giving burgh, borough, burrow, bury.

Pronunciation

• (General American) enPR: dwôrf, IPA^(key): /dw??f/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /dw??f/
• Rhymes: -??(?)f

Noun

dwarf (plural dwarfs or dwarves)

1. (mythology) Any member of a race of beings from (especially Scandinavian and other Germanic) folklore, usually depicted as having some sort of supernatural powers and being skilled in crafting and metalworking, often as short with long beards, and sometimes as clashing with elves.
2. (now often offensive) A person of short stature, often one whose limbs are disproportionately small in relation to the body as compared with normal adults, usually as the result of a genetic condition.

   Synonyms: midget, pygmy (imprecise)

   Antonyms: ettin, giant

3. An animal, plant or other thing much smaller than the usual of its sort.

   Synonym: runt

4. (astronomy) A star of relatively small size.

Usage notes

At first, dwarfs was the common plural in English. After J. R. R. Tolkien used dwarves in his works, that form became the standard for the plural of the mythological beings. For a non-mythological dwarf (people with dwarfism, small plants, animals, planets, stars, etc.), dwarfs has remained the preferred plural form. The use of dwarf to describe people with short statures is presently considered to be offensive.

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

dwarf (comparative dwarfer, superlative dwarfest)

1. (especially in botany) Miniature.

Translations

Verb

dwarf (third-person singular simple present dwarfs, present participle dwarfing, simple past and past participle dwarfed)

1. (transitive) To render (much) smaller, turn into a dwarf (version).

   Synonyms: miniaturize, shrink

2. (transitive) To make appear (much) smaller, puny, tiny.
3. (transitive) To make appear insignificant.

   Synonyms: eclipse, overshadow, outshadow, outshine, outdo, put to shame, upstage, surpass, outmatch, outstrip

4. (intransitive) To become (much) smaller.

   Synonym: shrink

5. To hinder from growing to the natural size; to make or keep small; to stunt.

   • At present the whole sex is in a manner dwarfed and shrunk - into a race of beauties that seems almost another species

   • 1881, John Campbell Shairp, Aspects of Poetry

Translations

Further reading

• Dwarf on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Etymology

From Latin domin?tus, perfect active participle of dominor (“rule, have dominion”), from dominus (“lord, master”); see dominus.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?d?m??ne?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?d??m??ne?t/

Verb

dominate (third-person singular simple present dominates, present participle dominating, simple past and past participle dominated)

1. To govern, rule or control by superior authority or power

   Antonyms: obey, submit

2. To exert an overwhelming guiding influence over something or someone

   Antonyms: obey, submit

3. To enjoy a commanding position in some field
4. To overlook from a height.
5. (computing, graph theory) To precede another node of a directed graph in all paths from the start of the graph to the other node.

Derived terms

• male-dominated

Related terms

Translations

Adjective

dominate (comparative more dominate, superlative most dominate)

1. Eggcorn of dominant.

Noun

dominate (countable and uncountable, plural dominates)

1. (historical) The late period of the Roman Empire, following the principate, during which the emperor's rule became more explicitly autocratic and remaining vestiges of the Roman Republic were removed from the formal workings of government; the reign of any particular emperor during this period.
   • 1973, Karl Loewenstein, The Governance of Rome, Martinus Nijhoff, page 238,

     During the Dominate this tendency was perfected to the point of dirigism in the modern sense, a state-directed society and state-controlled economy, obliterating, once again a prelude to modern times, the laissez-faire climate that had characterized the economic self-determination of the individual under the republic and the Principate.

   • 1996, Clare Krojzl (translator), Sebastian Hensel, III: From Diocletian to Alaric [1886, lecture notes], Theodor Mommsen (editor), A History of Rome Under the Emperors, C.H.Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Republished 2005, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), eBook, page 317,

     The dominate of Diocletian and Constantine differs more sharply from the principate than the latter does from the Republic.

   • 1997, Thomas Dunlap (translator), Herwig Wolfram, The Roman Empire and Its Germanic Peoples, [1990, Das Reich und die Germanen], University of California Press, 2005, Paperback, page 55,

     Once someone had attained senatorial dignity by way of the successful tenure of some appropriate magistracy, one of the most important mechanisms of the dominate kicked in: all social rankings and professions were to a large extent heritable.

Usage notes

• The period begins 284 CE — the end of the Crisis of the Third Century and beginning of the reign of Diocletian, who instituted reforms.
  • In the west, it ends 476 CE, with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire.
  • In the east, the end is taken either to be 565 CE (the end of Justinian I's reign) or 641 CE (the end of Heraclius' reign).

Coordinate terms

• principate

Translations

See also

• tetrarchy

Further reading

• dominate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• dominate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• diamonte, nematoid, ominated

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /domi?nate/

Adverb

dominate

1. present adverbial passive participle of domini

Italian

Verb

dominate

1. second-person plural present indicative of dominare
2. second-person plural imperative of dominare

Participle

dominate

1. feminine plural of the past participle of dominare

Anagrams

• dimenato
• indomate
• meditano
• menadito
• metadoni
• mondiate
• nematodi
• tendiamo

Latin

Participle

domin?te

1. vocative masculine singular of domin?tus