different between duty vs toll

English

Etymology

From Middle English duete, from Middle English dewe) + Middle English -te, (borrowed from Old French -te from Latin -t?tem, accusative masculine singular of -t?s). Akin to due + -ty (Alternative form of -ity).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?dju?ti/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /du?ti/
• Rhymes: -u?ti
• Homophone: doody (for some speakers)

Noun

duty (countable and uncountable, plural duties)

1. That which one is morally or legally obligated to do.
   • 1805, 21 October, Horatio Nelson

     England expects that every man will do his duty.

   • Captain Edward Carlisle […] felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, […]; he could not tell what this prisoner might do. He cursed the fate which had assigned such a duty, cursed especially that fate which forced a gallant soldier to meet so superb a woman as this under handicap so hard.
2. The state of being at work and responsible for or doing a particular task.

3. A tax placed on imports or exports; a tariff.

   customs duty; excise duty

4. (obsolete) One's due, something one is owed; a debt or fee.
   • 1526, William Tyndale, trans. Bible, Matthew XX:

     Take that which is thy duty, and goo thy waye.

5. (obsolete) Respect; reverence; regard; act of respect; homage.
6. The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).

Usage notes

• Adjectives often used with "duty": public, private, moral, legal, social, double, civic, contractual, political, judicial, etc.

Synonyms

• (that which one is obligated to do): obligation

Antonyms

• duty-free (taxes)
• (that which one is obligated to do): right

Derived terms

Related terms

• due

Translations

Further reading

• duty in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• duty in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• duty at OneLook Dictionary Search

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?dut?]

Participle

duty

1. past passive participle of du?

Declension

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /t??l/, /t?l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /to??/, /t?l/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /to?l/, /t?l/
• Rhymes: -??l

Etymology 1

From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English tol, toll, toln (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-Germanic *tull? (“what is counted or told”), from Proto-Indo-European *dol- (“calculation, fraud”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale.

Alternate etymology derives Old English toll, from Medieval Latin tol?neum, tol?nium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin tel?neum, from Ancient Greek ???????? (tel?nion, “toll-house”), from ????? (télos, “tax”).

Noun

toll (plural tolls)

1. Loss or damage incurred through a disaster.

2. A fee paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, etc.
3. (business) A fee for using any kind of material processing service.

4. (US) A tollbooth.

5. (Britain, law, obsolete) A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.
6. A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (transitive) To impose a fee for the use of.

2. (transitive, intransitive) To levy a toll on (someone or something).
3. (transitive) To take as a toll.
4. To pay a toll or tallage.

Translations

References

Etymology 2

Probably the same as Etymology 3. Possibly related to or influenced by toil

Noun

toll (plural tolls)

1. The act or sound of tolling

Translations

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (ergative) To ring (a bell) slowly and repeatedly.
2. (transitive) To summon by ringing a bell.

   • When hollow murmurs of their evening bells / Dismiss the sleepy swains, and toll them to their cells.

3. (transitive) To announce by tolling.
   • 1711/1714, James Beattie, The Minstrel

     Slow tolls the village clock the drowsy hour.

Derived terms

• toller

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English tolen, tollen, variation of tullen, tillen (“to draw, allure, entice”), from Old English *tyllan, *tillan (“to pull, draw, attract”) (found in compounds fortyllan (“to seduce, lead astray, draw away from the mark, deceive”) and betyllan, betillan (“to lure, decoy”)), related to Old Frisian tilla (“to lift, raise”), Dutch tillen (“to lift, raise, weigh, buy”), Low German tillen (“to lift, remove”), Swedish dialectal tille (“to take up, appropriate”).

Alternative forms

• tole, toal

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To draw; pull; tug; drag.
2. (transitive) To tear in pieces.
3. (transitive) To draw; entice; invite; allure.

4. (transitive) To lure with bait; tole (especially, fish and animals).

Synonyms

• (to lure animals): bait, lure

Translations

Etymology 4

From Latin toll? (“to lift up”).

Verb

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

1. (law, obsolete) To take away; to vacate; to annul.
2. (law) To suspend.

Translations

Etymology 5

Verb

toll

1. (African-American Vernacular) simple past tense and past participle of tell

   I done toll you for the last time.

References

• toll at OneLook Dictionary Search
• toll in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”). (Compare Irish toll, Welsh twll, both meaning "hole".)

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?to?/

Noun

toll m (plural tolls)

1. pool, puddle

References

• “toll” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “toll” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

German

Etymology

From Old High German tol, from Proto-Germanic *dulaz (“dazed, foolish, crazy, stupid”), cognate with English dull. More at dull.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?l/, [t??l]

Adjective

toll (comparative toller, superlative am tollsten)

1. (colloquial) great, nice, wonderful

   Synonyms: cool, geil

2. (dated) crazy, mad

Declension

Derived terms

• supertoll
• Tollheit
• Tollwut

Related terms

• doll

Further reading

• “toll” in Duden online
• “toll” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *tulka (“feather, wing”)..

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?tol?]
• Rhymes: -ol?

Noun

toll (plural tollak)

1. feather (a branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display)
2. feather (a feather-like fin or wing on objects, such as an arrow)
3. pen (a tool, originally made from a feather but now usually a small tubular instrument, containing ink used to write or make marks)
4. (figuratively) pen (a writer, or his style)

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• toll in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN

Icelandic

Noun

toll

1. indefinite accusative singular of tollur

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t??o?l??/, /t???l??/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”), from Proto-Celtic *tullom, *tullos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Cognate with Welsh twll.

Noun

toll m (genitive singular toill, nominative plural toill)

1. hole, hollow
2. posterior, buttocks

Declension

Derived terms

• tollán (“tunnel”)
• tollmhór (“big-bottomed; bumptious”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish toll (“pierced, perforated; hollow, empty”).

Adjective

toll (genitive singular masculine toill, genitive singular feminine toille, plural tolla, comparative toille)

1. pierced, perforated
2. hollow, empty; (of voice) deep, hollow

Declension

Etymology 3

From Old Irish tollaid (“pierces; penetrates”).

Verb

toll (present analytic tollann, future analytic tollfaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollta)

1. to bore, to pierce, to perforate

Conjugation

Derived terms

• tolladóir (“borer, piercer, perforator”)
• tollbhealach (“adit”)
• tollchárta (“punch-card”)
• tolltach (“piercing, penetrating”)

Mutation

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English toll, from Proto-Germanic *tull?.

Alternative forms

• tol, tolle, thol, toale, theol

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?l/, /t??l/

Noun

toll (plural tolles)

2. A toll, tax, or charge.
3. The privilege to levy fees or charges.
4. A waiver from any fees or charges.
5. (rare) taxation, payment.
6. (rare) A edge, point of difference

Related terms

• tolboth
• tollen
• toller
• tolsey
• tollynge

Descendants

• English: tool
• Scots: towl

References

• “tol, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-03.

Etymology 2

Verb

toll

2. Alternative form of tollen (“to bring”).

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Late Latin teloneum and Old Norse tollr

Noun

toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural toller, definite plural tollene)

1. duty (customs duty, excise duty)
2. customs

Derived terms

• tollbarriere
• tollbod
• tolldeklarasjon
• tollfri

References

• “toll” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Late Latin teloneum and Old Norse tollr

Noun

toll m (definite singular tollen, indefinite plural tollar, definite plural tollane)

1. duty (customs duty, excise duty)
2. customs

Derived terms

• tollbarriere
• tolldeklarasjon
• tollfri

References

• “toll” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *toll?, from Vulgar Latin toloneum, from Late Latin teloneum, from Ancient Greek ???????? (tel?nion, “toll-house”), from ????? (télos, “tax”). Germanic cognates include Old Saxon tol (Dutch tol), Old High German zol (German Zoll), Old Norse tollr (Swedish tull). See also parallel forms represented by Old English toln.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /toll/, [to?]

Noun

toll n

1. tax, toll, fare

Descendants

• Middle English: toll
  • English: toll
  • Scots: towl

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

From Old Irish toll (“hole, hollow; buttocks, hindquarters”).

Noun

toll m (genitive singular tuill, plural tuill)

1. hole, cavity, puncture, hollow
2. crevice, perforation
3. pit
4. socket
5. (nautical) hold of a ship
6. (vulgar) arse

Derived terms

• gaoth tro tholl (“draught”)
• toll-putain (“buttonhole”)
• tolltach (“full of holes”)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish tollaid (“pierces; penetrates”), from toll (“hole, hollow”).

Verb

toll (past tholl, future tollaidh, verbal noun tolladh, past participle tollte)

1. bore, piece, drill, perforate

Skolt Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.

Noun

toll

1. fire

Inflection

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages?^[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Ter Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *tolë, from Proto-Uralic *tule.

Noun

toll

1. fire

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages?^[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland