different between dust vs vapor

English

Etymology

From Middle English dust, doust, from Old English d?st (“dust, dried earth reduced to powder; other dry material reduced to powder”), from the fusion of Proto-Germanic *dust? (“dust”) and *dunst? (“mist, dust, evaporation”), both from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewh?- (“to smoke, raise dust”).Cognate with Scots dust, dist (“dust”), Dutch duist (“pollen, dust”) and dons (“down, fuzz”), German Dust (“dust”) and Dunst (“haze”), Swedish dust (“dust”), Icelandic dust (“dust”), Latin f?mus (“smoke, steam”). Also related to Swedish dun (“down, fluff”), Icelandic dúnn (“down, fluff”). See down.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?st/
• Rhymes: -?st
• Homophone: dost

Noun

dust (countable and uncountable, plural dusts)

1. Fine particles
   1. (uncountable) Fine, dry particles of matter found in the air and covering the surface of objects, typically consisting of soil lifted up by the wind, pollen, hair, etc.
   2. (astronomy, uncountable) Submicron particles in outer space, largely silicates and carbon compounds, that contribute greatly to extinction at visible wavelengths.
   3. (obsolete) A single particle of earth or other material.
2. (countable) The act of cleaning by dusting.
   • 2010, Joan Busfield, Michael Paddon, Thinking About Children: Sociology and Fertility in Post-War England (page 150)

     […] once they start school, I mean you can do a room out one day, the next day it only needs a dust, doesn't it?

3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead.

   • For now shall I sleep in the dust.

4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body.
   • ?, Alfred Tennyson, St. Simeon Stylites

     And you may carve a shrine about my dust.

5. (figuratively) Something worthless.
6. (figuratively) A low or mean condition.

   • [God] raiseth up the poor out of the dust.

7. (slang, dated) cash; money (in reference to gold dust).
8. (colloquial) A disturbance or uproar.

   to raise, or kick up, a dust

9. (mathematics) A totally disconnected set of points with a fractal structure.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

dust (third-person singular simple present dusts, present participle dusting, simple past and past participle dusted)

1. (transitive) To remove dust from.

2. (intransitive) To remove dust; to clean by removing dust.

3. (intransitive) Of a bird, to cover itself in sand or dry, dusty earth.
4. (transitive) To spray or cover something with fine powder or liquid.

5. (chiefly US slang) To leave; to rush off.
   • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin 2011, page 75:

     He added in a casual tone: ‘The girl can dust. I'd like to talk to you a little, soldier.’

6. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate.
7. To kill or severely disable.

Derived terms

• dust bunny
• dust down
• duster
• dust off

Translations

See also

• vacuum cleaner

Anagrams

• UDTs, duts, stud

Faroese

Noun

dust n (genitive singular dusts, uncountable)

1. dust

Declension

Icelandic

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German dûst, from Proto-Germanic *dunst?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?st/
• Rhymes: -?st

Noun

dust n (genitive singular dusts, no plural)

1. dust

   Synonyms: ryk, duft

Declension

Middle English

Alternative forms

• doust, duste, doste, dyste

Etymology

Forms with a long vowel are from Old English d?st, from Proto-Germanic *dunst?. Forms with a short vowel are from Old English *dust, from Proto-Germanic *dust?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dust/, /du?st/

Noun

dust (uncountable)

1. dust, powder
2. dirt, grit
3. (figuratively) iota, modicum

Related terms

• dusten (rare)
• dusty

Descendants

• English: dust
• Scots: dust, dist

References

• “d??st, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-04.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Back-formation of dustet, from Old Norse dust (dust particle)

Noun

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool

Synonyms

• dustemikkel
• tomsing
• tosk
• tufs
• støv

Etymology 2

From Old Norse dust.

Noun

dust f or m (definite singular dusta or dusten, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

1. dust (fine, dry particles)

References

• “dust” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse dust (dust particle), compare with dustete

Noun

dust m (definite singular dusten, indefinite plural dustar, definite plural dustane)

1. (derogatory) dork, moron, fool

Synonyms

• dustemikkel
• tomsing
• tosk
• tufs
• støv

Etymology 2

From Old Norse dust.

Noun

dust f (definite singular dusta, indefinite plural duster, definite plural dustene)

1. dust (fine, dry particles)

References

• “dust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dunst? (“dust, vapour”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?ew- (“vapour, smoke”). Akin to Hindi ???? (dhu??, “smoke”), Middle Dutch dost, donst, duust (Dutch dons, duist), Old High German tunst, dunst (German Dunst), Low German dust, Icelandic dust, Norwegian dust, Danish dyst.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du?st/

Noun

d?st n

1. dust; powder; mill dust

Declension

Descendants

• Middle English: dust, doust
  • English: dust
  • Scots: dust, dist

Old Norse

Noun

dust n

1. dust particle

Descendants

• Icelandic: dust
• Faroese: dust
• Norwegian: dust
• Swedish: dust
• Danish: dyst

References

• dust in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Scottish Gaelic

Noun

dust m (genitive singular dust, no plural)

1. dust

Usage notes

• Also used figuratively for corpse.

Synonyms

• duslach
• stùr

Derived terms

• dustach
• dustaig
• dustair

Zazaki

Noun

dust c

1. side; one half (left or right, top or bottom, front or back, etc.) of something or someone.
2. to level

Derived terms

• dustê
• dusta

English

Alternative forms

• vapour (British)

Etymology

From Middle English vapour, from Anglo-Norman vapour, Old French vapor, from Latin vapor (“steam, heat”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?ve?p?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?ve?p?/
• Rhymes: -e?p?(?)

Noun

vapor (plural vapors) (American spelling)

1. Cloudy diffused matter such as mist, steam or fumes suspended in the air.
2. The gaseous state of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid.
3. Something insubstantial, fleeting, or transitory; unreal fancy; vain imagination; idle talk; boasting.
4. (dated) Any medicinal agent designed for administration in the form of inhaled vapour.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Brit. Pharm to this entry?)

5. (archaic, in the plural) Hypochondria; melancholy; the blues; hysteria, or other nervous disorder.
   • Jan 13, 1732, John Arbuthnot, letter to Jonathan Swift

     He talks me into a fit of vapours twice or thrice a week

6. (obsolete) Wind; flatulence.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Francis Bacon to this entry?)

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

vapor (third-person singular simple present vapors, present participle vaporing, simple past and past participle vapored) (American spelling)

1. (intransitive) To become vapor; to be emitted or circulated as vapor.
2. (transitive) To turn into vapor.

   to vapor away a heated fluid

   • 1617, Ben Jonson, Lovers Made Men

     He'd […] laugh to see one throw his heart away, / Another, sighing, vapour forth his soul.

3. To emit vapor or fumes.
4. (intransitive) To use insubstantial language; to boast or bluster.
   • 1888, Rudyard Kipling, ‘The Bisara of Pooree’, Plain Tales from the Hills, Folio Society 2005, p. 172:

     He vapoured, and fretted, and fumed, and trotted up and down, and tried to make himself pleasing in Miss Hollis's big, quiet, grey eyes, and failed.

   • 1904, “Saki”, ‘Reginald's Christmas Revel’, Reginald:

     then the Major gave us a graphic account of a struggle he had with a wounded bear. I privately wished that the bears would win sometimes on these occasions; at least they wouldn't go vapouring about it afterwards.

   • 1924, Herman Melville, Billy Budd, London: Constable & Co., Chapter 1, [1]

     […] an amusing character all but extinct now, but occasionally to be encountered […] vaporing in the groggeries along the tow-path.

   • 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia, Faber & Faber 1992 (Avignon Quintet), p. 513:

     He felt he would start vapouring with devotion if this went on, so he bruptly took his leave with a cold expression on his face which dismayed her for she thought that it was due to distain for her artistic opinions.

5. (transitive) To give (someone) the vapors; to depress, to bore.
   • 1782, Frances Burney, Cecilia, III.vi.9:

     “I only mean,” cried she, giddily, “that he might have some place a little more pleasant to live in, for really that old moat and draw-bridge are enough to vapour him to death […].”

Translations

See also

• dew point
• get the vapors

Anagrams

• parvo, parvo-

Albanian

Etymology

From vapë (“hot weather”) +? -or noun suffix.

Noun

vapor ?

1. steamboat

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin vapor.

Pronunciation

Noun

vapor m (plural vapores)

1. vapor

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin vapor.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /v??po/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /b??po/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /va?po?/

Noun

vapor m (plural vapors)

1. vapor, steam

Derived terms

• cavall de vapor

Further reading

• “vapor” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Galician

Etymology

From Latin vapor.

Pronunciation

Noun

vapor m (plural vapores)

1. vapor

Synonyms

• (vapor): gas

Further reading

• “vapor” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Ladino

Noun

vapor m (Latin spelling)

1. ship, steamer

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain, but possibly related to Ancient Greek ?????? (kapnós, “smoke”) and Proto-Indo-European *k?ep- (“to smoke, boil, move violently”), via an older form *quapor that eventually lost its velar. See also hope.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?u?a.por/, [?u?äp?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?va.por/, [?v??p?r]

Noun

vapor m (genitive vap?ris); third declension

1. steam, exhalation, vapour; smoke
2. warm exhalation, warmth, heat
3. ardour of love, warmth

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Synonyms

• (warmth): calor

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

• vapor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• vapor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vapor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Middle English

Noun

vapor

1. Alternative form of vapour

Old French

Noun

vapor f (oblique plural vapors, nominative singular vapor, nominative plural vapors)

1. Alternative form of vapeur

Piedmontese

Alternative forms

• vapur

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /va?pur/

Noun

vapor m (plural vapor)

1. vapor, steam

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin vapor.

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /v?.?po?/
• (Paulista) IPA^(key): /va.?po?/
• (South Brazil) IPA^(key): /va.?po?/
• (Carioca) IPA^(key): /va.?pox/
• (Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /va.?po/
• Hyphenation: va?por

Noun

vapor m (plural vapores)

1. vapor / vapour

Derived terms

• a todo vapor

Anagrams

• prova, pavor

Further reading

• “vapor” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

Romanian

Etymology

From Italian vapore, French vapeur.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /va?por/

Noun

vapor n (plural vapoare)

1. boat, ship

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin vapor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ba?po?/, [ba?po?]
• Rhymes: -o?
• Hyphenation: va?por

Noun

vapor m (plural vapores)

1. steam, vapor (water vapor)

Derived terms

Related terms

• vaporera

Further reading

• “vapor” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.