different between duma vs dumb

English

Alternative forms

• Duma

Etymology

From Russian ????? (dúma, “elective legislative assembly; originally: thought”), ultimately of Germanic origin. Doublet of doom. The drink is named after the legislative assembly.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?dum?/
• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma (plural dumas)

1. A Russian legislative assembly such as the historical duma of the Russian Empire or the modern lower house of the Federal Assembly (the Russian national parliament).
   • 1905, “Russian Duma” in The Outlook Volume 80, 989:

     Hence, while preserving his autocratic power, the Czar decrees a “Gosudarstvennaia Duma,” or State Council. The elections for this Duma will cover the whole territory of the Empire, ...

2. A drink mixing wine and vodka.

Translations

Anagrams

• Maud, maud, muda

Bikol Central

Noun

duma

1. tuber

Hausa

Noun

dum? m (plural dum??m?, possessed form duman)

1. calabash, gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)

Verb

dum?? (grade 1)

1. To put one's mouth deeply into something
2. (with an indirect object) To strike a person with something

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?dum?]
• Hyphenation: du?ma
• Rhymes: -m?

Etymology 1

From the Russian ????? (dúma, “duma”).

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

1. duma

Declension

Etymology 2

From Romani dum? (“speech”), from a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *duma.

Noun

duma (plural dumák)

1. (colloquial) talk, chat
2. (colloquial) bullshit, lie

Declension

Derived terms

• dumál

Latvian

Adjective

duma

1. (dialectal form) genitive singular masculine form of dums
2. (dialectal form) nominative singular feminine form of dums

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

-duma

1. to thunder, to rumble

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Northern Sotho

Etymology 1

Verb

duma

1. to want
2. to wish

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

duma

1. to thunder

Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *duma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?du.ma/
• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma f

1. pride (sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one)

Declension

Verb

duma

1. third-person singular present of duma?

Further reading

• duma in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• duma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• d'uma (dated)

Etymology

From earlier d'uma, de (“of”) + uma (“feminine singular indefinite article”)

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?du.m?/

Contraction

duma f (feminine plural dumas, masculine dum, masculine plural duns)

1. Contraction of de uma (“pertaining or relating to a”).of a; from a (feminine singular)
   • 1877, Unknown, A boneca, compiled in Contos para a Infância, Guerra Junqueiro:

     Deixe-me agora, leitor, contar-lhe uma história — a história duma boneca!

     Now let me, reader, tell you a story - the story of a doll!

Southern Ndebele

Relative

-dúma

1. tasteless, flavourless

Inflection

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: du?ma

Noun

duma (n class, plural duma)

1. cheetah

Zulu

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dú?ma/

Relative

-dúma

1. tasteless, flavourless

Inflection

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

The expected reflex would be -vuma. It is likely that this is a back formation from indumo, from Proto-Bantu *-d??ma, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-dùma.

Verb

-duma

1. (intransitive) to be noisy
2. (intransitive) to roar, to thunder
3. (intransitive) to be famous, to be renowned

Inflection

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “-duma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “-duma”
• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “duma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, ?ISBN: “duma (8.3)”

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?m/
• Rhymes: -?m

Etymology 1

From Middle English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, ineffectual”), from Old English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, unable to speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz (“dull, dumb”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”).

The senses of stupid, unintellectual, and pointless, which are found regularly since the 19th century only, probably developed under the influence of German dumm and Dutch dom. Just like the English word, these originally meant "lacking the power of speech", but they developed the mentioned senses early on.

Adjective

dumb (comparative dumber, superlative dumbest)

1. (dated) Unable to speak; lacking power of speech (kept in "deaf, dumb, and blind").

   Synonyms: dumbstruck, mute, speechless, wordless

   • 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie

     to unloose the very tongues even of dumb creatures

2. (dated) Silent; unaccompanied by words.
   • 1591, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1, Act II, sc. 4:

     Since you are tongue-tied and so loath to speak

     In dumb significants proclaim your thoughts

   • 1609, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 23:

     O let my books be then the eloquence

     And dumb presagers of my speaking breast ...

   • 1881, John Campbell Shairp, Aspects of Poetry

     to pierce into the dumb past

3. (informal, derogatory, especially of a person) Extremely stupid.

   Synonyms: feeble-minded, idiotic, moronic, stupid; see also Thesaurus:stupid

4. (figuratively) Pointless, foolish, lacking intellectual content or value.

   Synonyms: banal, brainless, dopey, silly, stupid, ridiculous, vulgar

5. Lacking brightness or clearness, as a colour.
   • 1720, Daniel Defoe, The Life, Adventures and Piracies of the Famous Captain Singleton

     Her stern, which was painted of a dumb white or dun color.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English dumben, from Old English dumbian (more commonly in compound ?dumbian (“to become mute or dumb; keep silence; hold one’s peace”)), from Proto-Germanic *dumbijan?, *dumb?n? (“to be silent, become dumb”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?ewb?- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”). Cognate with German verdummen (“to become dumb”).

Verb

dumb (third-person singular simple present dumbs, present participle dumbing, simple past and past participle dumbed)

1. (dated) To silence.
   • 1607, William Shakespeare, Anthony and Cleopatra, Act I, sc. 5:

     ... what I would have spoke

     Was beastly dumbed by him.
2. (transitive) To make stupid.
3. (transitive) To represent as stupid.
4. (transitive) To reduce the intellectual demands of.

Derived terms

Middle English

Alternative forms

• domb, doumb, dowmb, dom, domm, dum, doum, dowm, domp, doump

Etymology

From Old English dumb

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?dum(b)/, /?du?m(b)/

Adjective

dumb (plural and weak singular dumbe)

1. Lacking or failing to display the faculty of voice:
   1. Unspeaking; unable to speak or having muteness.
   2. (substantive) A mute; one who can't speak.
   3. Temporarily unable to speak due to strong emotions.
   4. Unwilling or reluctant to speak; not speaking.
2. Powerless, ineffectual (either inherently or due to events)
3. Unknowledgeable; having no understanding or sense.
4. (of animals) Unwilling or unable to make a noise; quiet or silent.
5. (rare) Unrevealing, useless; having no important messages or lessons.
6. (rare) Having nothing to keep one busy or engaged.
7. (rare, figuratively) Refusing to preach or evangelise.
8. (rare, figuratively) Refusing to be conceited or vainglorious.

Derived terms

• dombenesse
• dumben

Descendants

• English: dumb
• Scots: dumb

References

• “d?mb, d?umb, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-27.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *dumb.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dumb/

Adjective

dumb

1. mute, dumb (unable to speak)
2. (substantive) a mute
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 11:14

Declension

Related terms

• dumbnes

Descendants

• Middle English: dumb
  • Scots: dumb
  • English: dumb