different between dudgeon vs dungeon

English

Etymology 1

Middle English dogeon, apparently from Anglo-Norman or Middle French, but the ultimate origin is obscure. Compare French douve (“stave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?d?d??n/

Noun

dudgeon (plural dudgeons)

1. (obsolete) A kind of wood used especially in the handles of knives; the root of the box tree.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Gerarde (1597) to this entry?)

2. (obsolete) A hilt made of this wood.
   • "And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood" (Shakespeare, Macbeth)
3. (archaic) A dagger which has a dudgeon hilt.

Etymology 2

Origin uncertain:

• Perhaps the same as Etymology 1, above
• Perhaps from Welsh dygen (“anger, grudge”) (from dy- + cwyn (“complaint”)), though the OED rejects this.
• Possibly from dudgen (“trash, something worthless”).
• Possibly borrowed from Italian aduggiare (“to overshadow”), similar to the semantic development of umbrage.

Noun

dudgeon (uncountable)

1. A feeling of anger or resentment.

Usage notes

Usually found only in set terms, see below.

Derived terms

• humdudgeon
• in high dudgeon

References

Further reading

• “dudgeon”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.

English

Etymology

From Middle English dungeon, dungeoun, dongoun, dungoun, dungun (“a castle keep" also, "a prison cell below the castle; a dungeon; pit; abyss”).

The Middle English word is apparently a merger of Old French donjon (“castle keep”) and Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; a prison; dungeon”), which supplied the current sense of the word. Old French donjon may itself be a conflation of Vulgar Latin *domnione (from Late Latin *domini?nem, from Latin dominium (“lordship; ownership”) and Frankish *dungij? (“prison, dungeon, underground cellar”). Compare Middle English dung, dunge, dong, donge (“pit of hell; abyss”)

Both the Frankish and Old English words derive from Proto-Germanic *dungij? (“an enclosed space; a vault; bower; treasury”), from Proto-Indo-European *d?eng?- (“to cover”), and are related to Old Saxon dung (“underground cellar”), Middle Dutch donc (“underground basement”), Old High German tung (“underground cellar; an underground chamber or apartment for overwintering”) (whence German Tunk (“manure or soil covered basement, underground weaving workshop”)), Old Norse dyngja (“a detached apartment, a lady's bower”); whence Icelandic dyngja (“chamber”)). See also dung, dingle.

The game term has been popularized by Dungeons & Dragons.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?d?n.d??n/

Noun

dungeon (plural dungeons)

1. An underground prison or vault, typically built underneath a castle.
2. (obsolete) The main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon.
3. (obsolete) A shrewd person.
4. (games) An area inhabited by enemies, containing story objectives, treasure and bosses.
5. (BDSM) A room dedicated to sadomasochistic sexual activity.

Hyponyms

• oubliette

Derived terms

• dungeonable
• instance dungeon
• dungeon crawler
• dungeon master

Translations

Verb

dungeon (third-person singular simple present dungeons, present participle dungeoning, simple past and past participle dungeoned)

1. (transitive) To imprison in a dungeon.