different between dog vs algebra

English

Alternative forms

• darg, dawg, dug (dialectal)
• doggie, doggy (childish)

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /d??/
• ("a dog")
• (US) enPR: dôg, IPA^(key): /d??/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /d??/
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology

From Middle English dogge (whence also Scots dug (“dog”)), from Old English dogga, docga, of uncertain origin.

The original meaning seems to have been a common dog, as opposed to a well-bred one, or something like 'cur', and perhaps later came to be used for stocky dogs. Possibly a pet-form diminutive with suffix -ga (compare frocga (“frog”), *picga (“pig”)), appended to a base *dog-, *doc- of unclear origin and meaning. One possibility is Old English dox (“dark, swarthy”) (compare frocga from frox). Another proposal is that it derives from Proto-West Germanic *dugan (“to be suitable”), the origin of Old English dugan (“to be good, worthy, useful”), English dow, German taugen. The theory goes that it could have been an epithet for dogs, commonly used by children, meaning "good/useful animal."

In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype resembling the modern mastiff and bulldog. By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to breeds used for hunting. In the 16th century, the word dog was adopted by several continental European languages as their word for mastiff.

Noun

dog (plural dogs)

1. A mammal, Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris, that has been domesticated for thousands of years, of highly variable appearance due to human breeding.

2. Any member of the Family Canidae, including domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, and their relatives (extant and extinct); canid.
3. (often attributive) A male dog, wolf or fox, as opposed to a bitch or vixen.
   • 1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin 2013, page 149:

     Firstly, he was there to encourage and assist the hounds (a scratch pack – mostly dog-hounds drafted from fox-hound kennels because they were over-sized) […].

4. (slang, derogatory) A dull, unattractive girl or woman.

5. (slang) A man (derived from definition 2).

6. (slang, derogatory) A coward.

7. (derogatory) Someone who is morally reprehensible.
   • 1599, Robert Greene, Alphonsus, King of Aragon (1599). Act 3.

     Blasphemous dog, I wonder that the earth / Doth cease from renting vnderneath thy feete, / To swallow vp those cankred corpes of thine.
8. (slang) A sexually aggressive man.
9. Any of various mechanical devices for holding, gripping, or fastening something, particularly with a tooth-like projection.
10. (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) A click or pallet adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, to restrain the back action; a click or pawl. (See also: ratchet, windlass)
11. A metal support for logs in a fireplace.
    • 1902, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Hound of the Baskervilles

      In the great old-fashioned fireplace behind the high iron dogs a log-fire crackled and snapped.

12. (cartomancy) The eighteenth Lenormand card.
13. A hot dog.
14. (poker slang) Underdog.
15. (slang, almost always in the plural) Foot.

16. (Cockney rhyming slang) (from "dog and bone") Phone or mobile phone.

17. One of the cones used to divide up a racetrack when training horses.
18. shortened form of dog meat.

19. (informal) Something that performs poorly.

    That modification turned his Dodge hemi into a dog.

    1. (film) A flop; a film that performs poorly at the box office.
       • 1969, Ski (volume 34, number 4, page 121)

         Blue was released, and as Redford had predicted, it was a dog.

       • 2012, Ronald L. Davis, Duke: The Life and Image of John Wayne

         “When The Alamo was coming out, the word of mouth on it was that it was a dog,” Chase said.

Synonyms

• (animal): taxonomic names: Canis familiaris, Canis domesticus, Canis familiarus domesticus, Canis canis, Canis aegyptius, Canis familiarus aegyptius, Canis melitaeus, Canis familiarus melitaeus, Canis molossus, Canis familiarus molossus, Canis saultor, Canis familiaris saultor
• (animal): domestic dog, hound, canine; see also Thesaurus:dog
• (male): stud, sire
• (man): bloke (British), chap (British), dude, fellow, guy, man; see also Thesaurus:man
• (morally reprehensible person): cad, bounder, blackguard, fool, hound, heel, scoundrel
• (mechanical device): click, detent, pawl
• (metal support for logs): andiron, firedog, dogiron

Coordinate terms

• (male adult dog): bitch, pup, puppy

Hyponyms

• (animal):

Hypernyms

• (animal): canid

Derived terms

Descendants

Translations

See dog/translations § Noun.

Verb

dog (third-person singular simple present dogs, present participle dogging, simple past and past participle dogged)

1. (transitive) To pursue with the intent to catch.
2. (transitive) To follow in an annoying or harassing way.

   The woman cursed him so that trouble would dog his every step.
3. (transitive, nautical) To fasten a hatch securely.

   It is very important to dog down these hatches...

4. (intransitive, emerging usage in Britain) To watch, or participate, in sexual activity in a public place.

   I admit that I like to dog at my local country park.

5. (intransitive, transitive) To intentionally restrict one's productivity as employee; to work at the slowest rate that goes unpunished.

   A surprise inspection of the night shift found that some workers were dogging it.

6. (transitive) To criticize.
7. (transitive, military) To divide (a watch) with a comrade.
   • 1902, Winfield Scott Schley, Record of Proceedings of a Court of Inquiry

     A. We never stood 4 to 8 p.m. watches, sir. We dogged our watches.
     Q. I suppose that is 6 to 8 p.m., then; it is a little indistinct. I mean the second dog watch.

   • 2015, Tom Vetter, 30,000 Leagues Undersea

     Meanwhile, we dogged the watch sections so that both halves of the crew could fetch full sea bags of uniforms and gear […]

Synonyms

• (to pursue with intent to catch): chase, chase after, go after, pursue, tag, tail, track, trail
• (to restrict one's productivity): soldier, goldbrick

Translations

See also

• ????
• Category:en:Canids
• bark
• canine
• cynomorphic
• cynomorphism
• flea bag

Further reading

• Michael Weisenberg (2000), The Official Dictionary of Poker (MGI/Mike Caro University, ?ISBN
• dog on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• List of sequenced animal genomes on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Canis on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Dog on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• Canis on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

References

Anagrams

• God, god

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch docht.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??/

Verb

dog

1. Alternative form of dag (preterite of dink)

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish dogh, which was borrowed from Middle Low German doch, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þauh.

Adverb

dog

1. however

   Det er dog ikke sikkert, at de taler sandt.

   It is, however, not certain that they are telling the truth.

2. Conveying impressedness, emotional affectation, bewilderment.

   Hvor er den hund dog nuttet!

   How cute that dog is!

   Sikke dramatisk du dog kan fremstille sagen!

   How dramatically you can present the matter!

Conjunction

dog

1. though

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English dog. Attested since the 16th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d?x/
• Hyphenation: dog
• Rhymes: -?x
• Homophone: doch

Noun

dog m (plural doggen, diminutive dogje n)

1. A large dog, especially one of certain breeds.

Derived terms

• Deense dog

Kriol

Etymology

From English dog.

Noun

dog

1. dog

Mbabaram

Etymology

From *dwog(a), from *udwoga, from *gudwaga, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *gudaga. Related to Dyirbal guda, Yidiny gudaga. Not related to English dog; it is a false cognate.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??/

Noun

dog

1. dog

References

Navajo

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

dog

1. thump, dub (sound of a heartbeat; thumping sound of a person walking on the roof of a house as heard by someone in the house)

Synonyms

• ts?idog

Norwegian Bokmål

Adverb

dog

1. however

Conjunction

dog

1. though

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?d??/, /?d?.?i/

Noun

dog m (plural dogs)

1. Clipping of hot dog.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du??/

Verb

dog

1. past tense of dö.

Anagrams

• god

Torres Strait Creole

Etymology

From English dog.

Noun

dog

1. dog

Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [do?]

Noun

dog (nominative plural dogs)

1. (male or female) dog

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

• doeg
• toradoeg

Westrobothnian

Adjective

dog

1. proper, a lot; added to adj. to reinforce the meaning

   Dog snål

   particularly stingy

   Dog lat

   very lazy

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin algebr?ica, from Arabic word ????????? (al-jabr, “reunion, resetting of broken parts”) in the title of al-Khwarizmi's influential work ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????????? (al-kit?b al-mu?ta?ar f? ?is?b al-jabr wa-l-muq?bala, “The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?æl.d??.b??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?æl.d??.b??/, /?æl.d??.b??/

Noun

algebra (countable and uncountable, plural algebras)

1. (uncountable, mathematics) A system for computation using letters or other symbols to represent numbers, with rules for manipulating these symbols.
2. (uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable): a dislocation or fracture.
3. (uncountable, mathematics) The study of algebraic structures.
4. (countable, mathematics) A universal algebra.
5. (countable, algebra) An algebraic structure consisting of a module over a commutative ring (or a vector space over a field) along with an additional binary operation that is bilinear over module (or vector) addition and scalar multiplication.

   Synonyms: algebra over a field, algebra over a ring
6. (countable, set theory, mathematical analysis) A collection of subsets of a given set, such that this collection contains the empty set, and the collection is closed under unions and complements (and thereby also under intersections and differences).

   Synonyms: field of sets, algebra of sets

   Hypernym: ring

   Hyponym: ?-algebra

7. (countable, mathematics) One of several other types of mathematical structure.
8. (figuratively) A system or process, that is like algebra by substituting one thing for another, or in using signs, symbols, etc., to represent concepts or ideas.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Anagrams

• Labarge

Czech

Etymology

From Arabic ????????? (al-jabr, “reunion, resetting of broken parts”); see also the English algebra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?al??bra]

Noun

algebra f

1. algebra

Declension

Derived terms

• Booleova algebra
• booleovská algebra

Related terms

• algebraický

Further reading

• algebra in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• algebra in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr).

Noun

algebra c (singular definite algebraen, not used in plural form)

1. (mathematics) algebra (using symbols)
2. (mathematics) algebra (study of algebraical structures)

Declension

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch algebra, from Latin algebra, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??l.???bra?/
• Hyphenation: al?ge?bra

Noun

algebra f (uncountable)

1. (mathematics) algebra

   Synonyms: stelkunde, stelkunst

Derived terms

• algebraïcus
• algebraïsch
• algebraïst
• lineaire algebra

Finnish

Noun

algebra

1. algebra

Declension

Hungarian

Etymology

From Latin algebra, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??l??br?]
• Hyphenation: al?geb?ra
• Rhymes: -r?

Noun

algebra

1. (mathematics) algebra (a system for computation using letters or other symbols to represent numbers, with rules for manipulating these symbols)
2. (education) algebra (the study of algebra as a school subject)

Declension

Derived terms

• algebrai

References

Further reading

• algebra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• algebra in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2021)

Italian

Etymology

From Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr, “reunion, resetting of broken parts”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?al.d??e.bra/
• Hyphenation: al?ge?bra

Noun

algebra f (plural algebre)

1. algebra

Related terms

• algebrico
• algebrista

Anagrams

• alberga

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?al.?e.bra/, [?ä????b?ä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?al.d??e.bra/, [??l??d???b??]

Noun

algebra f (genitive algebrae); first declension

1. (Medieval Latin, New Latin) algebra

Declension

First-declension noun.

References

• algebra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)

Latvian

Etymology

Via other European languages, ultimately from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr, “reunion, resetting of broken parts”) in the title of al-Khwarizmi's influential work ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? (al-kit?b al-mu?ta?ar f? ?is?b al-jabr wa-l-muq?bala, “The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [al??b?a]

Noun

algebra f (4th declension)

1. algebra is a branch of mathematics that studies generic numbers ('variables') regardless of their actual numeric value; the corresponding school subject

Declension

Derived terms

• algebrisks

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Arabic ????????? (al-jabr), via Medieval Latin algebra

Noun

algebra m (definite singular algebraen, indefinite plural algebraer, definite plural algebraene)

1. (mathematics) algebra
2. an algebra textbook

Derived terms

• algebraisk
• lineær algebra

References

• “algebra” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Arabic ????????? (al-jabr), via Medieval Latin algebra

Noun

algebra m (definite singular algebraen, indefinite plural algebraer, definite plural algebraene)

1. (mathematics) algebra
2. an algebra textbook

Derived terms

• algebraisk
• lineær algebra

References

• “algebra” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

From Italian, Spanish or mediaeval Latin, from Arabic ????????? (al-jabr) “reunion”, “resetting of broken parts”, used in the title of al-Khwarizmi’s influential work ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????????? (al-kit?b al-mu?ta?ar f? ?is?b al-jabr wa-l-muq?bala, “the compendious book on restoration and equating like with like”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al???.bra/

Noun

algebra f

1. algebra

Declension

Derived terms

• algebraiczny
• algebraicznie
• algebraik

Further reading

• algebra in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?l?e?bra/
• Hyphenation: al?ge?bra

Noun

àlg?bra f (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. algebra

Declension

Spanish

Noun

algebra

1. Misspelling of álgebra.

Swedish

Noun

algebra c

1. (mathematics) algebra

Declension

Related terms

• algebraisk
• relationsalgebra