different between dismemberment vs disability

English

Etymology

From dismember +? -ment.

Noun

dismemberment (countable and uncountable, plural dismemberments)

1. (countable) The act of dismembering.
   • 1986, Lewis Binford et al., "Zhoukoudian: A Closer Look," Current Anthropology, vol. 27, no. 5., p. 460,

     The metapodials appear to have been marked during dismemberment from the lower limbs.

2. (uncountable) The state or condition of being dismembered.
3. (countable) Removal from membership; detachment from an organization, group, etc.
   • 1867, "Supreme Court of the District of Columbia. Ex Parte Magruder," The American Law Register (1852-1891), vol. 15, no. 5, New Series Volume 6, (Mar.), p. 295,

     The decision of the Supreme Court involved a dismemberment from the bar.

   • 1946, William Platt, "Studies in War-Time Organisation: (6) East African Command," African Affairs, vol. 45, no. 178, p. 27,

     As the Italian East African Empire was on the verge of extinction in the autumn of 1941, East African Command was created by dismemberment from Middle East.

References

• dismemberment in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “dismemberment” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., 1989.

English

Etymology

Circa 1570 disable +? -ity.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /d?s??b?l?ti/

Noun

disability (usually uncountable, plural disabilities)

1. State of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and the like.
   • 1834-1874, George Bancroft, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.

     Chatham refused to see him, pleading his disability.

2. A mental condition causing a difficulty with an intellectual task.

3. (disability theory) An inability imposed on a person by society's failure to accommodate their physical or mental differences from others, as opposed to impairment.

   Synonym: handicap

4. Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal incapacity or incompetency.
5. (uncountable, informal) Regular payments received by a disabled person, usually from the state

Usage notes

• Disability and inability: Inability is an inherent want of power to perform the thing in question; disability arises from some deprivation or loss of the needed competency. One who becomes deranged is under a disability of holding his estate; and one who is made a judge, of deciding in his own case. A man may decline an office on account of his inability to discharge its duties; he may refuse to accept a trust or employment on account of some disability prevents him from entering into such engagements.

Synonyms

• disqualification
• impotence
• inability
• incapacity
• incompetency
• incompetence
• weakness

Antonyms

• ability
• capacity
• competence
• competency
• potence
• potential
• qualification
• strength

Related terms

• disable
• disabled
• disablism

Translations