different between defile vs denigrate
defile
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d??fa?l/
- Rhymes: -a?l
Etymology 1
From Middle English defilen (“to make dirty”), alteration (due to Middle English defoulen, defoilen (“to trample, abuse”)) of Middle English befilen (“to befoul, to defile, to make foul”), from Old English bef?lan (“to befoul, defile”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- + *f?lijan? (“to defile, make filthy”). Equivalent to de- +? file. Cognate with Dutch bevuilen (“to defile, soil”). More at de-, file, be-, and foul.
Verb
defile (third-person singular simple present defiles, present participle defiling, simple past and past participle defiled)
- (transitive) To make unclean, dirty, or impure; soil; befoul.
- (transitive) To vandalize or add inappropriate contents to something considered sacred or special; desecrate
- (transitive) To deprive or ruin someone's (sexual) purity or chastity, often not consensually; stain; tarnish; mar; rape
Synonyms
- (make unclean): contaminate, pollute, spoil, sully; see also Thesaurus:dirty
- (vandalize something considered sacred): desecrate, profane; see also Thesaurus:desecrate
- (violate chastity of): ravish, violate, vitiate
Antonyms
- (make unclean): clean, purify; see also Thesaurus:make clean
- (vandalize something considered sacred): sanctify; see also Thesaurus:consecrate
Related terms
Translations
Etymology 2
Earlier defilee, from French défilé, from défiler (“to march past”), from file (“file”).
Noun
defile (plural defiles)
- A narrow way or passage, e.g. between mountains.
- 1958, Plutarch, Ian Scott-Kilvert (translator), "Life of Nicias" in Lives: The Fall of the Roman Republic
- The next morning the enemy were on the march before him, seized the defiles, blocked the fords of the rivers, destroyed the bridges, and sent out cavalry to patrol the open ground, so as to oppose the Athenians at every step as they retreated.
- 1958, Plutarch, Ian Scott-Kilvert (translator), "Life of Nicias" in Lives: The Fall of the Roman Republic
- A single file, such as of soldiers.
- The act of defilading a fortress, or of raising the exterior works in order to protect the interior.
Translations
See also
- glen
Verb
defile (third-person singular simple present defiles, present participle defiling, simple past and past participle defiled)
- (archaic, intransitive) To march in a single file; to file.
- 1979, Cormac McCarthy, Suttree, Random House, p.138:
- They defiled down a gully to the water and bunched and jerked their noses at it and came back.
- 1979, Cormac McCarthy, Suttree, Random House, p.138:
Translations
Anagrams
- e-filed
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From French défilé.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /def?le?/
- Hyphenation: de?fi?le
Noun
defìl? m (Cyrillic spelling ???????)
- march-past
Declension
References
- “defile” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal
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denigrate
English
Etymology
From Latin d?nigr?tus, the past participle of d?nigr?re (“to blacken”), from d? + nigrare (“to blacken”) (from niger (“black”)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?d?n.?.??e?t/
Verb
denigrate (third-person singular simple present denigrates, present participle denigrating, simple past and past participle denigrated)
- (transitive) To criticise so as to besmirch; traduce, disparage or defame.
- (transitive) To treat as worthless; belittle, degrade or disparage.
- (rare) To blacken.
Derived terms
- denigration
- denigratory
Translations
References
- “denigrate”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
Anagrams
- antigreed, dinergate, giant reed, gratineed, gratinéed
Italian
Verb
denigrate
- second-person plural present and imperative of denigrare
Anagrams
- gradiente
denigrate From the web:
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