different between deface vs abrogate

English

Etymology

From Middle English defacen, from Old French defacier, desfacier (“to mutilate, destroy, disfigure”), from des- (“away from”) (see dis-) + Vulgar Latin *facia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??fe?s/, /di??fe?s/
• Rhymes: -e?s

Verb

deface (third-person singular simple present defaces, present participle defacing, simple past and past participle defaced)

1. To damage or vandalize something, especially a surface, in a visible or conspicuous manner.
   • 1869: George Eliot, The Legend of Jubal

     That wondrous frame where melody began / Lay as a tomb defaced that no eye cared to scan.

2. To void or devalue; to nullify or degrade the face value of.

   He defaced the I.O.U. notes by scrawling "void" over them.

   • 1776: Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations

     One-and-twenty worn and defaced shillings, however, were considered as equivalent to a guinea, which perhaps, indeed, was worn and defaced too, but seldom so much so.

3. (heraldry, flags) To alter a coat of arms or a flag by adding an element to it.

   You get the Finnish state flag by defacing the national flag with the state coat of arms placed in the middle of the cross.

Synonyms

• (damage in a conspicuous way): disfigure, mar, obliterate, scar, vandalize
• (degrade the face value): cancel, devalue, nullify, void

Derived terms

• defacement

Translations

See also

• efface

English

Alternative forms

• abrogen (obsolete)

Etymology

First attested in 1526, from Middle English abrogat (“abolished”), from Latin abrog?tus, perfect passive participle of abrog? (“repeal”), formed from ab (“away”) + rog? (“ask, inquire, propose”). See rogation.

Pronunciation

• (adjective):
  • (UK) enPR: ?.b?r?.g?t, IPA^(key): /?æ.b??.??t/
  • (US) IPA^(key): /?æb.?????t/
• (verb):
  • (UK) enPR: ?b?r?g?t, ?b?r?g?t, IPA^(key): /?æb.???.?e?t/, /?æ.b??.?e?t/
  • (US) IPA^(key): /?æb.?o???e?t/, /?æb.????e?t/

Verb

abrogate (third-person singular simple present abrogates, present participle abrogating, simple past and past participle abrogated)

1. (transitive, law) To annul by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or her or his successor; to repeal; — applied to the repeal of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. [First attested in the early 16^th century.]
   • 1660, Robert South, “The Scribe instructed, &c.”, in Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume 2, page 252:

     But let us look a little further, and see whether the New Testament abrogates what we see so frequently used in the Old.
2. (transitive) To put an end to; to do away with. [First attested in the early 16^th century.]
3. (molecular biology, transitive) To block a process or function.

Synonyms

• (to annul by authoritative act): abolish, annul, countermand, invalidate, nullify, overrule, overturn, quash, repeal, rescind, retract, reverse, revoke, set aside, supersede, suspend, undo, veto, void, waive, withdraw
• (to put an end to): abjure, annihilate, cancel, dissolve, do away with, end, obliterate, obviate, recant, subvert, terminate, vitiate, wipe out

Antonyms

• establish
• fix
• promulgate

Related terms

• abrogation

Translations

Adjective

abrogate (not comparable)

1. (archaic) Abrogated; abolished. [First attested from around (1350 to 1470).]

References

Further reading

• abrogate at OneLook Dictionary Search
• abrogate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Italian

Verb

abrogate

1. second-person plural present indicative of abrogare
2. second-person plural imperative of abrogare
3. feminine plural of abrogato

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ab.ro??a?.te/, [äbr???ä?t??]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ab.ro??a.te/, [?br?????t??]

Verb

abrog?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of abrog?