different between damage vs outrage

English

Etymology

From Middle English damage, from Old French damage (Modern French dommage), from Vulgar Latin *damnaticum from Classical Latin damnum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?dæm?d?/
• Rhymes: -æm?d?
• Hyphenation: dam?age

Noun

damage (countable and uncountable, plural damages)

1. Injury or harm; the condition or measure of something not being intact.

   The storm did a lot of damage to the area.

   • 1625, Francis Bacon, Of Friendship

     Great errors and absurdities many {{..}}commit for want of a friend to tell them of them, to the great damage both of their fame and fortune.

2. (slang) Cost or expense.

   "What's the damage?" he asked the waiter.

Usage notes

Currently it is only used as an uncountable noun, except in the plural. There are few examples of countable (singular) use.

Related terms

• damn
• indemnity

Translations

Verb

damage (third-person singular simple present damages, present participle damaging, simple past and past participle damaged)

1. (transitive) To impair the soundness, goodness, or value of; to harm or cause destruction.

   Be careful not to damage any of the fragile items while unpacking them.

   Cold temperatures, heavy rain, falling rocks, strong winds and glacier movement can damage the equipment.

   • 1774, Edward Long, The History of Jamaica. Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island, volume 2, book 2, chapter 7, 5:

     The building was erected in two years, at the parochial expence, on the foundation of the former one, which was irreparably damaged by the hurricane of Augu?t, 1712.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To undergo damage.

Derived terms

• undamaged

Translations

References

Middle English

Alternative forms

• dampnage, dammage, domage, damege

Etymology

From Old French damage, from Vulgar Latin *damnaticum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dam?a?d?(?)/, /d?m?a?d?(?)/, /?damad?(?)/

Noun

damage (plural damages)

1. damage, harm, injury
2. loss (of reputation, etc.)
3. (rare) disability, weakness
4. (law, often in the plural) damages (compensation for loss)

Related terms

• damagen

Descendants

• English: damage
• Scots: dammish

References

• “dam??e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *damnaticum from Classical Latin damnum. Cognate with Old Occitan damnatge.

Noun

damage m (oblique plural damages, nominative singular damages, nominative plural damage)

1. damage
2. injury, hurt, insult

Related terms

• damagier

Descendants

• French: dommage
• Norman: dommage
• ? Middle English: damage, dampnage, dammage, domage, damege
  • English: damage
  • Scots: dammish
• ? Irish: damáiste
• ? Sicilian: damaggiu

English

Etymology

From Middle English outrage, from Old French outrage, oultrage (“excess”), from Late Latin *ultr?gium, *ultr?ticum ("a going beyond"), derived from Latin ultr? (“beyond”). Later reanalysed as out- +? rage, whence the contemporary pronunciation, though neither of these is etymologically related.

The verb is from Middle English outragen, from Old French oultragier.

Pronunciation

• (US, UK) IPA^(key): /?a?t.?e?d??/
• (General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /?æot.?æed??/
• (obsolete) IPA^(key): /?a?t.??d??/

Noun

outrage (countable and uncountable, plural outrages)

1. An excessively violent or vicious attack; an atrocity.
2. An offensive, immoral or indecent act.
3. The resentful, indignant, or shocked anger aroused by such acts.
4. (obsolete) A destructive rampage. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Translations

Verb

outrage (third-person singular simple present outrages, present participle outraging, simple past and past participle outraged)

1. (transitive) To cause or commit an outrage upon; to treat with violence or abuse.
   • August 30, 1706, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preach'd in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, at the funeral of Mr. Tho. Bennet

     Base and insolent minds […] outrage men when they have Hopes of doing it without a Return.

   • 1725-1726, William Broome, Odyssey

     The interview […] outrages all the rules of decency.

2. (transitive) To inspire feelings of outrage in.

   The senator's comments outraged the community.

3. (archaic, transitive) To sexually violate; to rape.
4. (obsolete, transitive) To rage in excess of.

Translations

Related terms

• outrageous

References

Further reading

• outrage in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• outrage in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Etymology

From Old French oltrage

Noun

outrage m (plural outrages)

1. offence, insult, contempt
2. (literary) onslaught

Verb

outrage

1. first-person singular present indicative of outrager
2. third-person singular present indicative of outrager
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of outrager
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of outrager
5. second-person singular imperative of outrager

Further reading

• “outrage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).