different between cynic vs introvert

English

Alternative forms

• cynick (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English cynike, cynicke, from Middle French cinicque, from Latin cynicus, from Ancient Greek ??????? (kunikós), originally derived from the portico in Athens called ?????????? (Kunósarges), the earliest home of the Cynic school, later reinterpreted as a derivation of ???? (kú?n, “dog”), in a contemptuous allusion to the uncouth and aggressive manners adopted by the members of the school.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?n?k/
• Rhymes: -?n?k
• Homophone: Sinic

Adjective

cynic (comparative more cynic, superlative most cynic)

1. cynical (in all senses)
2. (not comparable) Relating to the Dog Star.

Noun

cynic (plural cynics)

1. A person who believes that all people are motivated by selfishness.
2. A person whose outlook is scornfully negative.

Related terms

• cynical
• cynicism

Translations

Anagrams

• Cincy

Middle French

Alternative forms

• cynicque (masculine and feminine)

Adjective

cynic m (feminine singular cynicque, masculine plural cynics, feminine plural cynicques)

1. cynical

English

Etymology

From New Latin intr?vertere, from intro- (“within”) and vertere (“to turn”). Popularized as a psychological term by the German works of Carl Jung.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /??nt??v??(?)t/
• Rhymes: -??(?)t

Noun

introvert (plural introverts)

1. (zoology) An organ or other body part that is or can be turned inside out, especially an anterior portion of some annelid worms capable of retraction.
   • 1883, E. Ray Lankester, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol. XVI, p. 652, s.v. "Mollusca":

     Important distinctions which obtain amongst the various ‘introverts’ or intro- and e-versible tubes so frequently met with in animal bodies.
2. (psychology) An introverted person: one who is considered more thoughtful than social, with a personality more inwardly than outwardly directed; one who often prefers to have time in non-social situations.
   • 1916, Constance Ellen Long trans. Carl Jung as Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology, p. 349:

     An Extravert can hardly conceive the necessity which compels the Introvert to conquer the world by means of a system.

   • 1918 April, Phyllis Blanchard, "A Psycho-Analytic Study of August Comte", American Journal of Psychology, p. 163:

     In order to understand the marked contract between Comte's mental attitude during his early years and that of his later life, we must keep in mind Jung's hypothesis of the two psychological types, the introvert and extrovert,—the thinking type and the feeling type.

   • 1920 May 21, Challenge, p. 44:

     All works of the imagination are conceived by men of the introvert type.

   • 1925, Charles Fox, Educational Psychology, p. 254:

     The introvert abstracts from the object and deals with it by concepts concentrating upon the inner world of thought.
3. (figuratively) A reserved person.

Usage notes

Psychologists tend to distinguish between introversion, which defines one's inherent social preferences and exists on a spectrum of behavior with ambiversion and extraversion, from shyness and other manifestations of social anxiety or trauma. Popular use tends to lump such behaviors together and sometimes pejoratively consider them withdrawn or antisocial.

Antonyms

• extrovert (popular), extravert (proper)

Related terms

• ambivert

Translations

Adjective

introvert (comparative more introvert, superlative most introvert)

1. Alternative form of introverted.
   • 1934 July, British Journal of Psychology, p. 26:

     They were noticeably more introvert, schizoid and desurgent in temperament.

Pronunciation 2

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?nt????v??t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?nt?o??v??t/

Verb

introvert (third-person singular simple present introverts, present participle introverting, simple past and past participle introverted)

1. To turn inwards.
   1. To think about internal or spiritual matters.
      • 1671, Abraham Woodhead trans. The Life of the Holy Mother Saint Teresa..., xxviii:

        […] the Soul being straight, introverted […] into itself, and easily conforming to God's will and time […]

      • 1822, William Hazlitt, "Prejudice" in Table-talk, p. 85:

        The less we look abroad, the more our ideas are introverted, and our habitual impressions... grow together into a kind of concrete substance.

   2. (zoology) To withdraw an organ or body part within itself or its base.
      • 1785, William Cowper, "The Task", Cant. IV, ll. 633 ff.:

        His awkward gait, his introverted toes,
        Bent knees, round shoulders, and dejected looks […]

Derived terms

References

• “introvert, n.”, in OED Online ?, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900
• “introvert, v.”, in OED Online ?, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1900

Czech

Noun

introvert m

1. introvert (psychology)

Antonyms

• extrovert m

Derived terms

• introvertní

Related terms

• See verš
• introverze f

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: in?tro?vert

Adjective

introvert (comparative introverter, superlative introvertst)

1. introvert