different between cyma vs cyme

English

Alternative forms

• sima, syma [16th century]; cima, scima [18th century]

Etymology

From New Latin c?ma (“young sprout or shoot of cabbage”) (whence the botanic usage of cyme), from Ancient Greek ???? (kûma, “swell, wave”, “cyma”, “sprout of a plant”), from ??? (kú?, “I conceive, I become pregnant”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: s??m?, IPA^(key): /?sa?m?/

Noun

cyma (plural cymas or cymae or cymæ or cymata)

1. (architecture) A moulding of the cornice, wavelike in form, whose outline consists of a concave and a convex line; an ogee.
2. (botany) A cyme.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

References

• “? Cyma” listed on page 1,302 of volume II (C) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1893]
  ? Cyma (s?i·m?). Also 6 syma, 6–9 sima, 7–8 scima, 8–9 cima. [mod.L., a. Gr. ???? anything swollen, a billow, a wave, a waved or ogee moulding, the young sprout of a cabbage (in which sense also L. c?ma, whence the botanical use).] [¶] 1. Arch. A moulding of the cornice, the outline of which consists of a concave and a convex line; an ogee. [¶] Cyma recta: a moulding concave in its upper part, and convex in its lower part. Cyma reversa (rarely inversa): a moulding convex in its upper part, and concave in its lower part. [¶] 1563 Shute Archit. Ci b, 4 partes geue also to Sima reuersa. Ibid. Ciij b, That second parte which remayneth of the Modulus ye shall geue vnto Syma. 1703 Moxon Mech. Exerc. 267 Scima reversa..Scima recta, or Ogee. 1726 Leoni Alberti’s Archit. II. 34 b, A Cima inversa of the breadth of two minutes. 1761 Brit. Mag. II. 642 The true cima, or cimaise. 1850 Leitch Müller’s Anc. Art. § 249. 258 A base of several plinths and cymas. [¶] 2. Bot. = Cyme 1 and 2. [¶] 1706 Phillips (ed. Kersey), Cyma..the young Sprout of Coleworts, or other Herbs: a little Shoot, or Branch: But it is more especially taken by Herbalists for the top of any Plant. 1775 Lightfoot Flora Scotia (1792) I. 236 The cyma, or little umbel which terminates the branches.
• Sturgis, Russel. Cyma, in A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Biographical, Historical,... MacMillan Co.:1901.[1]
• cyma in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “?cyma” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd ed., 1989]

Anagrams

• Macy, YMCA

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ???? (kûma, “swell, wave, billow; fetus, embryo”), from ??? (kú?, “I am pregnant, I conceive”).

*????? (*kumaí), the first-declension nominative plural form which would give precedent to the Latin c?mae, does not occur.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ky?.ma/, [?ky?mä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?t??i.ma/, [?t??i?m?]

Noun

c?ma n (genitive c?matis); third declension
c?ma f (genitive c?mae); first declension

1. young sprout or spring shoot of cabbage
2. hollow sphere
3. spherical layer, stratum

Declension

Derived terms

• c?maticus
• c?matilis
  • c?matile
• c?m?sus
• c?mula

Related terms

• c?matium

Descendants

References

• cyma in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cyma in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cyma in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French cime, cyme (“top, summit”), from the Vulgar Latin *cima, from the Latin c?ma (“young sprout of a cabbage”, “spring shoots of cabbage”), from the Ancient Greek ???? (kûma, “anything swollen, such as a wave or billow”; “fetus”, “embryo”, “sprout of a plant”), from ??? (kú?, “I conceive”, “I become pregnant”; in the aorist “I impregnate”). For considerably more information, see cyma, which is an etymological doublet.

Alternative forms

• cime (in the obsolete first sense only, [18th century])

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: s?m, IPA^(key): /sa?m/

Noun

cyme (plural cymes)

1. (spelt cime, obsolete, rare) A “head” (of unexpanded leaves, etc.); an opening bud.
2. (botany) A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal or determinate type, on which each axis terminates with a flower which blooms before the flowers below it. Contrast raceme.
   • 1906, Daniel Coit Gilman, Harry Thurston Peck, Frank Moore Colby (editors), Gentianaceæ, article in The New International Encyclopædia,

     The inflorescence is some form of cyme, and the flowers are usually regular.

   • 2003, S. M. Reddy, S. J. Chary, University Botany 2: Gymnosperms, Plant Anatomy, Genetics, Ecology, page 190,

     The plant bears small groups of two or three yellowish coloured flowers on an axillary cyme.

   • 2003, David Curtis Ferree, Ian J. Warrington, Apples: Botany, Production and Uses, page 157,

     The flower cluster is a cyme (terminal flower is the most advanced), is terminal within the bud and may contain up to six individual flowers.

3. (architecture) = cyma

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

References

• “Cyme” listed on page 1303 of volume II (C) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1893]
  ??Cyme (s?im).?Also 8 cime.?[a. F. cime, cyme, in the sense ‘top, summit’ (12th c. in Hatzf.):?—?pop. L. cima = L. cyma (see above); in the Bot. sense an 18th c. adaptation of the ancient L.]?[¶]?†?1.?(cime.)?A ‘head’ (of unexpanded leaves, etc.).?Obs. rare.?[¶]?1725 Bradley Fam. Dict. s. v. Sallet, The Buds and tender Cime of Nettles by some eaten raw, by others boiled.?[¶]?2.?Bot. (cyme.)?A species of inflorescence wherein the primary axis bears a single terminal flower which develops first, the system being continued by axes of secondary and higher orders which develop successively in like manner; a centrifugal or definite inflorescence: opposed to Raceme. Applied esp. to compound inflorescences of this type forming a more or less flat head.?[¶]?1794 Martyn Rousseau’s Bot. v. 55 The arrangement of the flowers in the elder is called a cyme.?1854 S. Thomson Wild Fl. iii. (ed. 4) 250 The meadow-sweet, with its crowded cymes.?[¶]?3.?Arch.?= Cyma.?[¶]?1877 Blackmore Erema III. xlvii. 106 This is what we call a cyme-joint, a cohesion of two curved surfaces.
• cyme in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “cyme” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd ed., 1989]

Etymology 2

An error for cynne, probably resulting from the overlapping of the two ens in handwriting.

Noun

cyme (plural cymes)

1. Misspelling of senna.

References

• “Cyme” listed on page 1303 of volume II (C) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles [1st ed., 1893]
  ??Cyme?(Shaks. Macb. v. iii. 55, 1st Folio), supposed to be an error for cynne, Senna.?[¶]?1605 Shaks. Macb. v. iii. 55 What Rubarb, Cyme, or what Purgatiue drugge Would scowre these English hence.
• “cyme” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd ed., 1989]

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *kumiz (“arrival”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?em- (“to go, come”). Akin to Old Frisian keme, Old Saxon kumi, Old High German cumi (“arrival”), Gothic ???????????????? (qums), Old English cuman (“to come”). More at come.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ky.me/

Noun

cyme m

1. coming, arrival; advent, approach
2. an event
3. an outcome, result

Declension

Descendants

• Middle English: come, cume, coom, coome
  • English: come (obsolete)
  • Scots: come

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *k?miz (“delicate, feeble”). Akin to Old High German k?mo (“tender, dainty, weak”) (German kaum (“hardly”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ky?.me/

Adjective

c?me

1. comely, lovely, splendid, beautiful
2. exquisite

Declension

Related terms

• c?ml??