different between cup vs shell

English

Etymology

From Middle English cuppe, coppe, from Old English cuppe (“cup”), from Late Latin cuppa, probably a form of Latin c?pa (“tub”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“a hollow”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman cupe, from the same Latin source. Compare Saterland Frisian Kop (“cup”), West Frisian kop, Dutch kop (“cup”), German Low German Koppke, Köppke (“cup”), German Kopf (“head; top”), Danish kop, Swedish kopp. Doublet of coupe and keeve.

Pronunciation

• enPR: k?p, IPA^(key): /k?p/
• Rhymes: -?p

Noun

cup (plural cups)

1. A concave vessel for drinking from, usually made of opaque material (as opposed to a glass) and with a handle.

   Coordinate terms: mug, pannikin

2. The contents of said vessel.

   Synonym: cupful

3. A customary unit of measure
   1. (US) A US unit of liquid measure equal to 8 fluid ounces (¹?₁₆ of a US gallon; 236.5882365 mL) or 240 mL.
   2. (Canada) A Canadian unit of measure equal to 8 imperial ounces (¹?₂₀ imperial gallon; 227.3 mL) or 250 mL.
   3. (Britain, dated) A British unit of measure equal to ¹?₂ imperial pints (10 imperial ounces; 284 mL) or 300 mL.
4. A trophy in the shape of an oversized cup.

5. A contest for which a cup is awarded.

6. (soccer) The main knockout tournament in a country, organised alongside the league.
   • 2002, Rob Dimery, Peter Watts, Guinness world records, Gullane Children's Books ?ISBN

     Until it was disbanded in 1999, the European Cup-Winners Cup was contested annually by the winners of Europe's national cups.

   • 2011, Michael Grant, Rob Robertson, The Management: Scotland's Great Football Bosses, Birlinn ?ISBN

     Wallace had the unique distinction of being the only player ever to play in the English, Welsh and Scottish Cups in the same season.

   • 2014, Martí Perarnau, Pep Confidential: Inside Pep Guardiola's First Season at Bayern Munich, Birlinn ?ISBN

     One week earlier, they had lost 5-2 to Borussia Dortmund in the DFB-Pokal [the German cup] final in Berlin.

7. (golf) A cup-shaped object placed in the target hole.

8. (in combination) Any of various sweetened alcoholic drinks.

9. (US, Canada) A rigid concave protective covering for the male genitalia.

   Synonym: (UK) box

10. One of the two parts of a brassiere which each cover a breast.
    1. Prefixed with a letter, used as a measurement of bra or breast size.
       • 2010, Tom Clancy, Tom Clancy's Jack Ryan Books 1-6, page 1149:

         "For cleavage to show up in these photos, a girl has to have C-cup breasts — at least that's what they told me once."

11. (mathematics) The symbol ${\displaystyle \cup }$ denoting union and similar operations.

    Coordinate term: cap

12. (tarot) A suit of the minor arcana in tarot, or one of the cards from the suit.
13. (ultimate frisbee) A defensive style characterized by a three player near defense cupping the thrower; or those three players.
14. A flexible concave membrane used to temporarily attach a handle or hook to a flat surface by means of suction.

    Synonym: suction cup

15. Anything shaped like a cup.
    • 1745, William Shenstone, Elegy VIII

      The cowslip's golden cup no more I see.

16. (medicine, historical) A cupping glass or other vessel or instrument used to produce the vacuum in cupping.
17. (figuratively) That which is to be received or indured; that which is allotted to one; a portion of blessings and afflictions.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Farefare: k?p?
• ? Hebrew: ???? (kap)
• ? Japanese: ??? (kappu)
• ? Korean: ? (keop)
• ? Maori: kapu

Translations

Verb

cup (third-person singular simple present cups, present participle cupping, simple past and past participle cupped)

1. (transitive) To form into the shape of a cup, particularly of the hands.

2. (transitive) To hold something in cupped hands.

3. (transitive) To pour (a liquid, drink, etc.) into a cup.

4. (transitive, obsolete) To supply with cups of wine.
5. (transitive, surgery, archaic) To apply a cupping apparatus to; to subject to the operation of cupping.
6. (transitive, engineering) To make concave or in the form of a cup.

Translations

Further reading

• cup on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• CPU, P.U.C., PUC, Pcu, UPC

Albanian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *t?upa, from Proto-Indo-European *?uh?-po- (compare Sanskrit ??? (?ópha, “swelling”)), from *?uh?- (“to swell up”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tsup/

Adjective

cup m (feminine cupe)

1. odd (not even)

Synonyms

• tek

Etymology 2

Gheg variant of sup.

Noun

cup m (indefinite plural cupe, definite singular cupi, definite plural cupet)

1. shoulder

Declension

Catalan

Etymology

From Late Latin c?pus, a variant of c?pa (“tub, cask, tun, vat”).

Noun

cup m (plural cups)

1. winepress
2. cellar

Derived terms

• cubada
• cubell

Further reading

• “cup” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *capum, from Latin caput. Compare Italian capo, Romanian cap, Spanish cabo.

Noun

cup m

1. head

Finnish

Etymology

From English cup.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?p/, [?k?p]
• Syllabification: cup

Noun

cup

1. cup (contest)

Declension

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From English cup (“trophy”)

Noun

cup m (definite singular cupen, indefinite plural cuper, definite plural cupene)

1. (sports) cup (trophy; the competition culminating in the winning of the trophy)

Derived terms

• cupfinale
• verdenscup

Related terms

• pokal

References

• “cup” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From English cup (“trophy”)

Noun

cup m (definite singular cupen, indefinite plural cupar, definite plural cupane)

1. (sports) cup (as above)

Derived terms

• cupfinale

Related terms

• pokal

References

• “cup” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from English cup.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?p/, /kap/
• Rhymes: -?p, -ap

Noun

cup c

1. (sports) cup

Declension

References

• cup in Svensk ordbok (SO)

English

Etymology

From Middle English schelle, from Old English s?iell, from Proto-West Germanic *skallju, from Proto-Germanic *skalj?, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split, cleave”).

Compare West Frisian skyl (“peel, rind”), Dutch schil (“peel, skin, rink”), Low German Schell (“shell, scale”), Irish scelec (“pebble”), Latin silex (“pebble, flint”), siliqua (“pod”), Old Church Slavonic ??????? (skolika, “shell”). More at shale.Doublet of sheal.

• (computing): From being viewed as an outer layer of interface between the user and the operating-system internals.

Pronunciation

• enPR: sh?l, IPA^(key): /??l/
• Rhymes: -?l

Noun

shell (plural shells)

1. A hard external covering of an animal.
   1. The calcareous or chitinous external covering of mollusks, crustaceans, and some other invertebrates.

   2. (by extension) Any mollusk having such a covering.
   3. (entomology) The exoskeleton or wing covers of certain insects.
   4. The conjoined scutes that constitute the "shell" (carapace) of a tortoise or turtle.
   5. The overlapping hard plates comprising the armor covering the armadillo's body.
2. The hard calcareous covering of a bird egg.
3. One of the outer layers of skin of an onion.

4. (botany) The hard external covering of various plant seed forms.
   1. The covering, or outside part, of a nut.

   2. A pod containing the seeds of certain plants, such as the legume Phaseolus vulgaris.
   3. (in the plural) Husks of cacao seeds, a decoction of which is sometimes used as a substitute or adulterant for cocoa and its products such as chocolate.
5. (geology) The accreted mineral formed around a hollow geode.
6. (weaponry) The casing of a self-contained single-unit artillery projectile.
7. (weaponry) A hollow, usually spherical or cylindrical projectile fired from a siege mortar or a smoothbore cannon. It contains an explosive substance designed to be ignited by a fuse or by percussion at the target site so that it will burst and scatter at high velocity its contents and fragments. Formerly called a bomb.
8. (weaponry) The cartridge of a breechloading firearm; a load; a bullet; a round.
9. (architecture) Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in, as the shell of a house.
10. A garment, usually worn by women, such as a shirt, blouse, or top, with short sleeves or no sleeves, that often fastens in the rear.
11. A coarse or flimsy coffin; a thin interior coffin enclosed within a more substantial one.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

12. (music) A string instrument, as a lyre, whose acoustical chamber is formed like a shell.
    • 1687, John Dryden, A Song for Cecilia's Day

13. (music) The body of a drum; the often wooden, often cylindrical acoustic chamber, with or without rims added for tuning and for attaching the drum head.
14. An engraved copper roller used in print works.
15. The thin coating of copper on an electrotype.
16. (nautical) The watertight outer covering of the hull of a vessel, often made with planking or metal plating.
17. (nautical, rigging) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves revolve.
18. (nautical) A light boat whose frame is covered with thin wood, impermeable fabric, or water-proofed paper; a racing shell or dragon boat.
19. (chemistry) A set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number.
20. (figuratively) The outward form independent of what is inside.
21. (figuratively) The empty outward form of someone or something.

22. An emaciated person.

23. A psychological barrier to social interaction.

24. (computing) An operating system software user interface, whose primary purpose is to launch other programs and control their interactions; the user's command interpreter. Shell is a way to separate the internal complexity of the implementation of the command from the user. The internals can change while the user experience/interface remains the same.

25. (business) A legal entity that has no operations.

26. A concave rough cast-iron tool in which a convex lens is ground to shape.
27. (engineering) A gouge bit or shell bit.
28. (phonology) The onset and coda of a syllable.
29. (Britain, slang) A person's ear.

    Synonym: shell-like

    Can I have a quick word in your shell?

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

shell (third-person singular simple present shells, present participle shelling, simple past and past participle shelled)

1. To remove the outer covering or shell of something.
2. To bombard, to fire projectiles at, especially with artillery.
3. (informal) To disburse or give up money, to pay. (Often used with out).
4. (intransitive) To fall off, as a shell, crust, etc.
5. (intransitive) To cast the shell, or exterior covering; to fall out of the pod or husk.

   Nuts shell in falling.

   Wheat or rye shells in reaping.

6. (computing, intransitive) To switch to a shell or command line.
   • 1993, Robin Nixon, The PC Companion (page 115)

     Automenu is a good program to try, and offers a fair amount of protection - but, unfortunately, it's one of those systems that allow users to shell to DOS.

7. To form shallow, irregular cracks (in a coating).
8. (topology) To form a shelling.

Derived terms

• sheller
• shell out

Translations

Further reading

• shell in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• shell in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• shell on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

• hells

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English schal, from Old English s?eal.

Verb

shell

1. shall

References

• Jacob Poole (1867) , William Barnes, editor, A glossary, with some pieces of verse, of the old dialect of the English colony in the baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, J. Russell Smith, ?ISBN