different between culture vs refinement

English

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Alternative forms

• kulcha

Etymology

From Middle French culture (“cultivation; culture”), from Latin cult?ra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of col? (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to col?nus and col?nia), from Proto-Indo-European *k?el- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k?lt???/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?k?lt???/

Noun

culture (countable and uncountable, plural cultures)

1. The arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize a particular society or nation.
2. The beliefs, values, behaviour and material objects that constitute a people's way of life.
3. The conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising of the accepted norms and values of a society.
4. (anthropology) Any knowledge passed from one generation to the next, not necessarily with respect to human beings.
5. (botany) Cultivation.
   • http://counties.cce.cornell.edu/suffolk/grownet/flowers/sprgbulb.htm

     The Culture of Spring-Flowering Bulbs

6. (microbiology) The process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium.
7. The growth thus produced.

8. A group of bacteria.
9. (cartography) The details on a map that do not represent natural features of the area delineated, such as names and the symbols for towns, roads, meridians, and parallels.
10. (archaeology) A recurring assemblage of artifacts from a specific time and place that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society.

Derived terms

Related terms

• agriculture

Translations

Verb

culture (third-person singular simple present cultures, present participle culturing, simple past and past participle cultured)

1. (transitive) to maintain in an environment suitable for growth (especially of bacteria) (compare cultivate)
2. (transitive) to increase the artistic or scientific interest (in something) (compare cultivate)

Related terms

Translations

References

• culture at OneLook Dictionary Search
• culture in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• "culture" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 87.
• culture in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Etymology

From Latin cult?ra (“cultivation; culture”), from cultus, perfect passive participle of col? (“till, cultivate, worship”), from Proto-Indo-European *k?el- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kyl.ty?/

Noun

culture f (plural cultures)

1. crop
2. culture (“arts, customs and habits”)

Derived terms

Further reading

• “culture” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Friulian

Noun

culture f (plural culturis)

1. culture

Related terms

• culturâl

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ure

Noun

culture f

1. plural of cultura

Latin

Participle

cult?re

1. vocative masculine singular of cult?rus

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kul?tu?e/, [kul??t?u.?e]

Verb

culture

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of culturar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of culturar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of culturar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of culturar.

English

Etymology

refine +? -ment

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???fa?nm?nt/, /???fa?nm?nt/
• Hyphenation: re?fine?ment

Noun

refinement (countable and uncountable, plural refinements)

1. The act, or the result of refining; the removal of impurities, or a purified material
2. High-class style; cultivation.
3. A fine or subtle distinction.

Translations