different between criminal vs pariah

English

Etymology

From Middle English cryminal, borrowed from Anglo-Norman criminal, from Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen (“crime”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??m?n?l/

Adjective

criminal (comparative more criminal, superlative most criminal)

1. Against the law; forbidden by law.

   • Foppish and fantastic ornaments are only indications of vice, not criminal in themselves.

2. Guilty of breaking the law.
   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation

     The neglect of any of the relative duties renders us criminal in the sight of God.

3. Of or relating to crime or penal law.
   • 1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England

     The officers and servants of the crown, violating the personal liberty, or other right of the subject […] in some cases, were liable to criminal process.

4. (figuratively) Abhorrent or very undesirable.

Usage notes

• Nouns to which "criminal" is often applied: law, justice, court, procedure, prosecution, intent, case, record, act, action, behavior, code, offence, liability, investigation, conduct, defense, trial, history, responsibility, lawyer, tribunal, appeal, process, background, mind, conspiracy, evidence, gang, organization, underworld, jurisprudence, offender, jury, police, past, group, punishment, attorney, violence, report, career, psychology.

Synonyms

• crimeful
• illegal
• delictuous

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

criminal (plural criminals)

1. A person who is guilty of a crime, notably breaking the law.

   Synonyms: lawbreaker, offender, perpetrator

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:criminal

Hypernyms

• person

Derived terms

• cybercriminal
• thought criminal

Translations

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin crimin?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi?nal/

Adjective

criminal (masculine and feminine plural criminals)

1. criminal (against the law)
2. criminal (guilty of breaking the law)
3. criminal (of or relating to crime)

Derived terms

Noun

criminal m or f (plural criminals)

1. criminal (a person who is guilty of a crime)

Related terms

• crim

Further reading

• “criminal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “criminal” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “criminal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “criminal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis, from Latin cr?men.

Adjective

criminal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular criminale)

1. criminal; illegal; against the law

Declension

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis (“criminal”), from Latin cr?men (“verdict; crime”).

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi.?na?/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /k?i.mi.?naw/

Adjective

criminal m or f (plural criminais, not comparable)

1. (law) criminal (of or relating to crime or penal law)

Related terms

Further reading

• “criminal” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French criminel, Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kri.mi?nal]

Noun

criminal m (plural criminali, feminine equivalent criminal?)

1. criminal, felon, perpetrator, offender, lawbreaker
2. murderer, slayer
3. cutthroat, thug

Declension

Adjective

criminal m or n (feminine singular criminal?, masculine plural criminali, feminine and neuter plural criminale)

1. criminal, felonious, lawbreaking
2. murderous, homicidal
3. cutthroat

Declension

Related terms

• criminalitate

Adverb

criminal

1. criminally

Related terms

• crim?

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin crimin?lis (“criminal”), from Latin cr?men (“verdict; crime”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?imi?nal/, [k?i.mi?nal]
• Rhymes: -al

Adjective

criminal (plural criminales)

1. criminal

Derived terms

• criminalmente
• criminalista
• criminalizar

Noun

criminal m or f (plural criminales)

1. criminal

Related terms

• crimen
• criminalidad
• acriminar

Further reading

• “criminal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Etymology

From Tamil ?????? (pa?aiyar), from ?????? (pa?aiya?, “drummer”), from ??? (pa?ai, “drum”) or from Malayalam ???? (pa?ayar), from ???? (pa?ayan, “drummer”), from ?? (pa?a, “drum”). Parai in Tamil or Para in Malayalam refers to a type of large drum designed to announce the king’s notices to the public. The people who made a living using the parai were called paraiyar; in the caste-based society they were in the lower strata, hence the derisive paraiah and pariah.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p???a??/
• Rhymes: -a??

Noun

pariah (plural pariahs)

1. A person who is rejected from society or home; an outcast.
2. A demographic group, species, or community that is generally despised.
3. Someone in exile.
4. A member of one of the oppressed social castes in India.

Quotations

• 2014: Sylvia Ann Hewlett, Executive Presence, Prologue

  I didn’t even need to finish the article to understand the damage it would do—which was swift and devastating. In a matter of weeks, Creating a Life was DOA—and, figuratively speaking, so was I. I went from being a much-feted author to a pariah, since one of the many problems of being trashed on the front page of the New York Times is that everyone is in the know.

• 1985 — Robert Holmes, The Two Doctors, p 14

  ‘I’m a pariah, outlawed from Time Lord society.’

• 1842 — William Makepeace Thackeray, The Fitz-Boodle Papers (Fitz-Boodle's Confessions, preface [1])

  What is this smoking that it should be considered a crime? I believe in my heart that women are jealous of it, as of a rival. They speak of it as of some secret, awful vice that seizes upon a man, and makes him a pariah from genteel society.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:outcast

Derived terms

• pariah dog
• pariah kite

Translations

Anagrams

• Pahari, Pirahã, raphia