different between courage vs resolve

English

Etymology

From Middle English corage, from Old French corage (French courage), from Vulgar Latin *cor?ticum, from Latin cor (“heart”). Distantly related to cardiac (“of the heart”), which is from Greek, but from the same Proto-Indo-European root. Displaced Middle English elne, ellen, from Old English ellen (“courage, valor”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?k???d?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?k???d?/, /?k???d?/
  • (accents without the "Hurry-furry" merger)
  • (accents with the "Hurry-furry" merger)

Noun

courage (usually uncountable, plural courages)

1. The quality of being confident, not afraid or easily intimidated, but without being incautious or inconsiderate.

2. The ability to overcome one's fear, do or live things which one finds frightening.
   • (Can we date this quote?), Aristotle, Rhetoric, 1.9.8

     ...courage is the thing by which they are able to take useful actions while amidst hazards...
3. The ability to maintain one's will or intent despite either the experience of fear, frailty, or frustration; or the occurrence of adversity, difficulty, defeat or reversal.
   • 1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Self-Reliance

     Whatever you do, you need courage. Whatever course you decide upon, there is always someone to tell you that you are wrong. There are always difficulties arising that tempt you to believe your critics are right. To map out a course of action and follow it to an end requires some of the same courage that a soldier needs. Peace has its victories, but it takes brave men and women to win them.

   • 1942, C.S. Lewis, The Screwtape Letters

     “Courage is not simply one of the virtues but the form of every virtue at the testing point, which means at the point of highest reality.”

   • 2008, Maya Angelou, address for the 2008 Cornell University commencement

     Courage is the most important of all the virtues because without courage, you can't practice any other virtue consistently.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:courage

Derived terms

Related terms

• cardiac

Translations

Verb

courage (third-person singular simple present courages, present participle couraging, simple past and past participle couraged)

1. (obsolete) To encourage. [15^th-17^thc.]
   • 1530, William Tyndale, "An Answer unto Sir Thomas More's Dialogue":

     Paul writeth unto Timothy, to instruct him, to teach him, to exhort, to courage him, to stir him up,

See also

• fearlessness
• bield

French

Etymology

cœur +? -age or Middle French corage, from Old French corage, from Vulgar Latin *coraticum, from Latin cor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku.?a?/

Noun

courage m (plural courages)

1. courage

   Synonym: bravoure

Derived terms

• bon courage
• courageux
  • courageusement
• décourager
  • décourageant
  • découragement
• encourager
  • encourageant
  • encouragement
• prendre son courage à deux mains

Descendants

• ? Bulgarian: ????? (kuraž)
• ? Macedonian: ????? (kuraž)
• ? Romanian: curaj
• ? Russian: ????? (kuraž)

Interjection

courage !

1. chin up! keep going! take heart!

Usage notes

"bon courage !" has a slightly different meaning: "good luck!".

Further reading

• “courage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English resolven, from Old French resolver, a learned borrowing of Latin resolv? (“loosen, thaw, melt, resolve”), equivalent to re- +? solve.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /???z?lv/, /?i??z?lv/
• Rhymes: -?lv or Rhymes: -?lv
• (US) IPA^(key): /???z?lv/

Verb

resolve (third-person singular simple present resolves, present participle resolving, simple past and past participle resolved)

1. (transitive) To find a solution to (a problem).
2. (transitive) To reduce to simple or intelligible notions; to make clear or certain; to unravel; to explain.
3. (intransitive) To make a firm decision to do something.
4. (transitive) To determine or decide in purpose; to make ready in mind; to fix; to settle.

5. To come to an agreement or make peace; patch up relationship, settle differences, bury the hatchet.

6. (transitive, intransitive, reflexive) To break down into constituent parts; to decompose; to disintegrate; to return to a simpler constitution or a primeval state.
   • 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour

     Ye immortal souls, who once were men, / And now resolved to elements again.
7. To cause to perceive or understand; to acquaint; to inform; to convince; to assure; to make certain.
   • 1596, Walter Raleigh, The discovery of the large, rich, and beautiful Empire of Guiana, with a relation of the great and golden city of Manoa

     In health, good air, pleasure, riches, I am resolved it cannot be equalled by any region.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

     She was proceeding in this manner when the surgeon entered the room. The lieutenant immediately asked how his patient did. But he resolved him only by saying, "Better, I believe, than he would have been by this time, if I had not been called; and even as it is, perhaps it would have been lucky if I could have been called sooner."

8. (music) To cause a chord to go from dissonance to consonance.
9. (optics) To render visible or distinguishable the parts of something.
10. (computing) To find the IP address of a hostname, or the entity referred to by a symbol in source code; to look up.
11. (rare, transitive) To melt; to dissolve; to liquefy or soften (a solid).
12. (rare, intransitive, reflexive) To melt; to dissolve; to become liquid.
    • 1730, John Arbuthnot, An Essay Concerning the Nature of Aliments

      When the blood stagnates in any part, it first coagulates, then resolves, and turns alkaline.

13. (obsolete, transitive) To liquefy (a gas or vapour).
14. (medicine, dated) To disperse or scatter; to discuss, as an inflammation or a tumour.
15. (obsolete) To relax; to lay at ease.
    • 1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter

      resolve himself into all sports and looseness again

16. (chemistry) To separate racemic compounds into their enantiomers.
17. (mathematics, archaic, transitive) To solve (an equation, etc.).

Derived terms

• resolvable
• resolver

Translations

References

• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989) , “resolve”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ?ISBN

Noun

resolve (countable and uncountable, plural resolves)

1. Determination; will power.

   It took all my resolve to go through with the surgery.
2. A determination to do something; a fixed decision.
   • 1995, William Arctander O'Brien, Novalis, Signs of Revolution (page 56)

     His resolve to die is weakening as he grows accustomed to Sophie's absence, and all his attempts to master irresolution only augment it.

3. (countable) An act of resolving something; resolution.
   • 2008, Matt Lombard, SolidWorks 2007 Bible (page 956)

     Some operations require data that, in turn, requires that lightweight components be resolved. In these cases, this option determines whether the user is prompted to approve the resolve or whether components are just resolved automatically.

Synonyms

• fortitude, inner strength, resoluteness, sticktoitiveness, tenacity

Translations

See also

• set of one's jaw

Etymology 2

re- +? solve

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?i?s?lv/
• Rhymes: -?lv
• (US) IPA^(key): /?i?s?lv/
• Rhymes: -?lv

Verb

resolve (third-person singular simple present resolves, present participle resolving, simple past and past participle resolved)

1. (transitive) To solve again.

Translations

Anagrams

• reloves

Italian

Verb

resolve

1. third-person singular present indicative of resolvere

Anagrams

• solvere, svelerò, svolere

Latin

Verb

resolve

1. second-person singular present active imperative of resolv?

Portuguese

Verb

resolve

1. Third-person singular (ele, ela, also used with tu and você^?) present indicative of resolver
2. Second-person singular (tu) affirmative imperative of resolver