different between contract vs lighten
contract
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English, from Old French contract, from Latin contractum, past participle of contrahere (“to bring together, to bring about, to conclude a bargain”), from con- (“with, together”) + trahere (“to draw, to pull”).
Pronunciation
- enPR: k?n'tr?kt
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?k?nt?ækt/
- (US) IPA(key): /?k?nt?ækt/
Noun
contract (plural contracts)
- An agreement between two or more parties, to perform a specific job or work order, often temporary or of fixed duration and usually governed by a written agreement.
- Synonyms: compact, pact
- (law) An agreement which the law will enforce in some way. A legally binding contract must contain at least one promise, i.e., a commitment or offer, by an offeror to and accepted by an offeree to do something in the future. A contract is thus executory rather than executed.
- (law) A part of legal studies dealing with laws and jurisdiction related to contracts.
- (informal) An order, usually given to a hired assassin, to kill someone.
- (bridge) The declarer's undertaking to win the number of tricks bid with a stated suit as trump.
Synonyms
- (part of legal studies): contract law
Hypernyms
- (agreement that is legally binding): agreement
Hyponyms
- (agreement that is legally binding): bailment
Derived terms
- contract of employment
- contractual
- fixed-term contract
Translations
Adjective
contract (not comparable)
- (obsolete) Contracted; affianced; betrothed.
- (obsolete) Not abstract; concrete.
Etymology 2
From Middle English, from Middle French contracter, from Latin contractum, past participle of contrahere (“to bring together, to bring about, to conclude a bargain”), from con- (“with, together”) + trahere (“to draw, to pull”). The verb developed after the noun, and originally meant only "draw together"; the sense "make a contract with" developed later.
Pronunciation
- enPR: k?ntr?kt, IPA(key): /k?n?t?ækt/
Verb
contract (third-person singular simple present contracts, present participle contracting, simple past and past participle contracted)
- (transitive, intransitive) To draw together or nearer; to shorten, narrow, or lessen.
- The snail's body contracted into its shell.
- to contract one's sphere of action
- 1835, William Wordsworth, The Armenian Lady's Love
- Years contracting to a moment.
- 1675, Richard Allestree, The Government of the Tongue
- We see in all things how desuetude do's contract and narrow our faculties.
- (grammar) To shorten by omitting a letter or letters or by reducing two or more vowels or syllables to one.
- The word "cannot" is often contracted into "can't".
- (transitive) To enter into a contract with. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (transitive) To enter into, with mutual obligations; to make a bargain or covenant for.
- We have contracted an inviolable amitie, peace, and league with the aforesaid Queene.
- 1721, John Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials
- Many persons […] had contracted marriage within the degrees of consanguinity […] prohibited by law.
- (intransitive) To make an agreement or contract; to covenant; to agree; to bargain.
- to contract for carrying the mail
- (transitive) To bring on; to incur; to acquire.
- She contracted the habit of smoking in her teens.
- to contract a debt
- 1717, Alexander Pope, Epistle to Mr. Jervas
- Each from each contract new strength and light.
- c. 1703-1720, Jonathan Swift, An Essay on the Fates of Clergymen
- That kind of behaviour, which we contract by having too much conversation with persons of high station.
- (transitive) To gain or acquire (an illness).
- 1999, Davidson C. Umeh, Protect Your Life: A Health Handbook for Law Enforcement Professionals, page 69:
- An officer contracted hepatitis B and died after handling the blood-soaked clothing of a homicide victim […]
- 1999, Davidson C. Umeh, Protect Your Life: A Health Handbook for Law Enforcement Professionals, page 69:
- To draw together so as to wrinkle; to knit.
- To betroth; to affiance.
Synonyms
- (lessen): abate, decrease, lessen, reduce
- (shorten): shorten, shrink
- (gain or acquire (an illness)): catch, get
Antonyms
- (lessen): increase, expand
- (shorten): grow, lengthen
Translations
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch contract, from Old French contract, from Latin contractum, past participle of contrah? (“to bring together, to bring about, to conclude a bargain”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k?n?tr?kt/
- Hyphenation: con?tract
- Rhymes: -?kt
Noun
contract n (plural contracten, diminutive contractje n)
- contract
Synonyms
- overeenkomst
Derived terms
- arbeidscontract
- contractarbeider
- contractbreuk
- handelscontract
- huurcontract
- koopcontract
Related terms
- contracteren
- contractueel
Descendants
- Afrikaans: kontrak
- ? Indonesian: kontrak
- ? West Frisian: kontrakt
Romanian
Etymology
From French contrat, from Latin contractus.
Noun
contract n (plural contracte)
- contract
Declension
Scots
Etymology
From English contract.
Noun
contract (plural contracts)
- contract
Welsh
Etymology
From English contract.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?k?ntrakt/
Noun
contract m (plural contractau)
- contract
- Synonym: cytundeb
Mutation
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “contract”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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lighten
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?la?.t?n/
- Rhymes: -a?t?n
Etymology 1
From Middle English lightnen, equivalent to light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- (transitive) To make brighter or clearer; to illuminate.
- 1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis, London: Henry Herringman, stanza 231, p. 59,[1]
- A Key of fire ran all along the shore,
- And lighten’d all the river with the blaze:
- 1667, John Dryden, Annus Mirabilis, London: Henry Herringman, stanza 231, p. 59,[1]
- (intransitive) To become brighter or clearer; to brighten.
- (intransitive, archaic) To burst forth or dart, as lightning; to shine with, or like, lightning; to flash.
- 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, line 500,[2]
- Enter the Conjurer; it lightens and thunders […]
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar, Act I, Scene 3,[3]
- […] this dreadful night,
- That thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars
- As doth the lion.
- 1595, George Peele, The Old Wives’ Tale, The Malone Society Reprints, 1908, line 500,[2]
- (transitive) To emit or disclose in, or as if in, lightning; to flash out, like lightning.
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III, Scene 3,[4]
- […] behold his eye,
- As bright as is the eagle’s, lightens forth
- Controlling majesty:
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act III, Scene 3,[4]
- To illuminate with knowledge; to enlighten.
- 1599, John Davies, “Of the Soule of man, and the immortalitie thereof” in Nosce Teipsum. This Oracle Expounded in Two Elegies, London: John Standish, p. 10,[5]
- O Light which mak’st the Light, which makes the Day,
- Which setst the Eye without and Mind within,
- Lighten my spirit with one cleare heavenly ray,
- Which now to view it selfe doth first begin.
- 1599, John Davies, “Of the Soule of man, and the immortalitie thereof” in Nosce Teipsum. This Oracle Expounded in Two Elegies, London: John Standish, p. 10,[5]
Conjugation
Derived terms
- lighten up
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English lightnen, equivalent to light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- (transitive) To alleviate; to reduce the burden of.
- (transitive) To make light or lighter in weight.
- (transitive) To make less serious or more cheerful.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Psalms 34:5,[6]
- They looked unto him, were lightened: and their faces were not ashamed.
- 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Psalms 34:5,[6]
- (intransitive) To become light or lighter in weight.
- (intransitive) To become less serious or more cheerful.
Conjugation
Derived terms
- lighten up
Translations
Etymology 3
From light +? -en.
Verb
lighten (third-person singular simple present lightens, present participle lightening, simple past and past participle lightened)
- To descend; to light.
- Book of Common Prayer
- O Lord, let thy mercy lighten upon us.
- Book of Common Prayer
Related terms
- alight
Anagrams
- enlight, lething
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