different between condescend vs disparage
condescend
English
Etymology
From Middle English condescenden, from Old French condescendre, from Late Latin cond?scendere (“to let one's self down, stoop, condescend”), from Latin con- (“together”) + d?scendere, present active infinitive of d?scend? (“I come down”); see descend.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?k?nd??s?nd/
- (US) IPA(key): /?k??nd??s?nd/
Verb
condescend (third-person singular simple present condescends, present participle condescending, simple past and past participle condescended)
- (intransitive) To come down from one's superior position; to deign (to do something).
- 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour, act 1, scene 2:
- Spain's mighty monarch […] / In gracious clemency, does condescend / On these conditions, to become your friend.
- 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour, act 1, scene 2:
- (intransitive) To treat (someone) as though inferior; to be patronizing (toward someone); to talk down (to someone).
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Chapter 14:
- I admire that admiration which the genteel world sometimes extends to the commonalty. There is no more agreeable object in life than to see Mayfair folks condescending.
- At her invitation he outlined for her the succeeding chapters with terse military accuracy?; and what she liked best and best understood was avoidance of that false modesty which condescends, turning technicality into pabulum.
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair, Chapter 14:
- (transitive, rare, possibly nonstandard) To treat (someone) as though inferior; to be patronizing toward (someone); to talk down to (someone).
- ANDIE. I wasn't condescending you; I was just asking.
- THOMAS. No. You said “angry black man.” Like my anger only exists in a stereotype. That's condescending.
- (intransitive, obsolete) To consent, agree.
- 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes, lines 1134-36:
- Can they think me so broken, so debased / With corporal servitude, that my mind ever / Will condescend to such absurd commands?
- 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes, lines 1134-36:
- (intransitive, obsolete) To come down.
Usage notes
- "Condescend" is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs
- In sense “to talk down”, the derived participial adjective condescending (and corresponding adverb condescendingly) are more common than the verb itself.
- In older usage, "condescend" could be used non-pejoratively (in a sense similar to that of treating someone as inferior) to describe the action of those who socialized in a friendly way with their social inferiors. Now that the concept of social inferiors has largely fallen out of currency, so has this non-pejorative sense. Thus, in w:Pride_and_Prejudice, a character could say of another, "I need not say you will be delighted with her. She is all affability and condescension.”
Synonyms
- (come down from superior position): acquiesce, deign, stoop, vouchsafe
- (talk down, treat as inferior): patronize, belittle, put on airs
- (consent): yield
- (come down): descend
Related terms
- condescendence
- condescend upon
- condescension
- descend
Translations
Further reading
- condescend in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- condescend in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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disparage
English
Etymology
From Middle English disparage (noun), disparagen (verb), from Old French desparage (noun), desparagier (verb), from des- + parage (“equal rank, rank”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d?s?pæ??d??/
Noun
disparage (uncountable)
- (obsolete) Inequality in marriage; marriage with an inferior.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.8:
- But, for his meane degree might not aspire / To match so high, her friends with counsell sage / Dissuaded her from such a disparage […]
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.8:
Translations
Verb
disparage (third-person singular simple present disparages, present participle disparaging, simple past and past participle disparaged)
- To match unequally; to degrade or dishonor. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- To dishonor by a comparison with what is inferior; to lower in rank or estimation by actions or words; to speak slightingly of; to depreciate; to undervalue.
- August 30, 1706, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preach'd in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, at the funeral of Mr. Tho. Bennet
- those forbidding appearances which sometimes disparage the actions of men sincerely pious
- 1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes
- Thou durst not thus disparage glorious arms.
- August 30, 1706, Francis Atterbury, a sermon preach'd in the Cathedral Church of St. Paul, at the funeral of Mr. Tho. Bennet
- To ridicule, mock, discredit. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
Translations
See also
- vilipend
- belittle
- denigrate
- excoriate
Further reading
- disparage in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- disparage in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- disparage at OneLook Dictionary Search
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old French desparage; equivalent to dis- +? parage.
Alternative forms
- dysperage, disperage, desparage
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dis?pa?ra?d?(?)/, /dis?parad?(?)/, /d?s-/
Noun
disparage (uncountable) (rare)
- Inequality in marriage; marriage with an inferior.
- Ignominy, shame; the state of lacking respect.
Descendants
- English: disparage
References
- “dispar??e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-04-21.
Etymology 2
From Old French desparagier.
Verb
disparage
- Alternative form of disparagen.
disparage From the web:
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