different between compound vs specie

English

Etymology 1

Possibly from Malay kampong, kampung (“group of buildings, village”), via Dutch or Portuguese .

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?k?mpa?nd/
• (US) enPR: k?m'pound, IPA^(key): /?k?mpa?nd/

Noun

compound (plural compounds)

1. An enclosure within which workers, prisoners, or soldiers are confined
2. An enclosure for secure storage.
3. A group of buildings situated close together, e.g. for a school or block of offices

Synonyms

• (enclosure within which workers, prisoners, or soldiers are confined): gaol/jail, pen, pound, prison

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English compounen, from Middle French componre, compondre (“to put together”), from Latin compon?, from Latin com- (“together”) + pon? (“to put”).

Pronunciation

• adj. and noun (UK) IPA^(key): /?k?mpa?nd/
• adj. and noun (US) enPR: k?m'pound, IPA^(key): /?k?mpa?nd/
• verb (US, UK) enPR: k?mpound', IPA^(key): /k?m?pa?nd/
• Rhymes: -a?nd

Adjective

compound (not comparable)

1. composed of elements; not simple

   a compound word

   • 1725, Isaac Watts, Logick, or The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry After Truth With a Variety of Rules to Guard

     Compound substances are made up of two or more simple substances.

2. (mathematics) dealing with numbers of various denominations of quantity, or with processes more complex than the simple process

   compound addition; compound proportion

3. (music) An octave higher than originally (i.e. a compound major second is equivalent to a major ninth).

Synonyms

• (composed of elements): composite

Antonyms

• (composed of elements): simple

Derived terms

• compound chocolate
• compound interest
• compound leaf
• compoundly

Translations

Noun

compound (plural compounds)

2. Anything made by combining several things.
3. (chemistry, dated) A substance made from any combination elements.
5. (chemistry) A substance formed by chemical union of two or more ingredients in definite proportions by weight.
6. (linguistics) A lexeme that consists of more than one stem; compound word; for example laptop, formed from lap and top.
7. (rail transport) a compound locomotive, a steam locomotive with both high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders.

Synonyms

• (anything made by combining several things): amalgam, blend, combination, composite, mix, mixture
• (word): compound word

Hyponyms

• (word): closed compound, hyphenated compound, open compound
• (chemistry): chemical compound

Translations

Verb

compound (third-person singular simple present compounds, present participle compounding, simple past and past participle compounded)

1. (transitive) To form (a resulting mixture) by combining different elements, ingredients, or parts.

   to compound a medicine
2. (transitive) To assemble (ingredients) into a whole; to combine, mix, or unite.

   • We have the power of altering […] and compounding those images […] into all the varieties of picture.

3. (transitive) To modify or change by combination with some other thing or part; to mingle with something else.
4. (transitive, law) To settle by agreeing on less than the claim, or on different terms than those stipulated.

   to compound a debt

5. (transitive) To settle amicably; to adjust by agreement; to compromise.
6. (intransitive) To come to terms of agreement; to agree; to settle by a compromise; usually followed by with before the person participating, and for before the thing compounded or the consideration.
   • 1602, Richard Carew, Survey of Cornwall

     [Cornwall] compounded to furnish ten oxen after Michaelmas for thirty pounds.

   • Compound for sins they are inclined to / By damning those they have no mind to.

7. (transitive, obsolete) To compose; to constitute.
8. (intransitive, finance) To increase in value with interest, where the interest is earned on both the principal sum and prior earned interest.
9. (transitive) To worsen a situation.
10. (horse racing, intransitive) Of a horse: to fail to maintain speed.
    • 1855, The Sporting Review (volume 34, page 240)

      At the hill, the Warrior must have been at least ten lengths in front of Wild Dayrell; but he compounded about 200 yards on the T. Y. C. side of the Red House.

Usage notes

The usage in sense 9 above, “to worsen a situation” is widespread but not wholly accepted. The original meaning of the word (see senses 4, 5 and 6 above) implies resolution of a problem, not worsening. It has been suggested (Fraser 1973) that the reverse usage arose by confusion with phrases such as compound interest.

Synonyms

• (to come to terms of agreement): agree
• (to put together): assemble, blend, combine, join, join together, mix, put together, unite
• (to add to): augment, increase
• (law: to settle by agreeing on less than the claim): settle
• (to compose): form, make up; see also Thesaurus:compose

Derived terms

• compoundable

Translations

References

Further reading

• Compound in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?spi??i/

Etymology 1

Originally in the phrase in specie; from Latin speci?, ablative singular of species. Compare payment in kind.

Noun

specie (uncountable)

1. Type or kind, in various uses of the phrase in specie.
2. Money, especially in the form of coins made from precious metal, that has an intrinsic value; coinage.
   • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier, Ch. IX:

     I received one month's pay in specie while on the march to Virginia, in the year 1781, and except that, I never received any pay worth the name while I belonged to the army.

   • 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), p. 805:

     ‘It was not money or specie he thought himself hunting!’

   • 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage 2007, p. 8:

     “Dick” Counterfly had absquatulated swiftly into the night, leaving his son with only a pocketful of specie and the tender admonition, “Got to ‘scram,’ kid — write if you get work.”

Translations

See also

• payment in kind

Etymology 2

Back-formation from species (plural), the final “s” being misinterpreted as a plural ending.

Noun

specie (plural species)

1. (proscribed) singular of species

Usage notes

• Although in wide use, this is universally considered by prescriptive references to be an error.

Anagrams

• pieces

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin speci?s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?spe?.si/
• Hyphenation: spe?cie
• Rhymes: -e?si

Noun

specie f (plural speciën or species)

1. mortar (in sense of mixture of lime or cement, sand and water)

   Synonyms: metselspecie, mortel

2. coinage, specie, coins
3. material used in casting

Derived terms

• metselspecie

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin speci?s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?sp?.t??e/
• Rhymes: -?t?e
• Hyphenation: spè?cie

Adverb

specie

1. especially, particularly

Derived terms

• fare specie (“to amaze, shock”)

Noun

specie f (invariable)

1. kind, type, sort
2. (biology) species, strain, breed
3. (taxonomy) species

Related terms

• cronospecie
• speciale
• speciazione
• specifico

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?spe.ki.e?/, [?s?p?kie?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?spe.t??i.e/, [?sp??t??i?]

Noun

speci?

1. ablative singular of speci?s

Preposition

speci?

1. Under the pretext of. Under the guise of.

References

• specie in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin speci?s.

Noun

specie f (plural specii)

1. (biology) species
2. kind, type, sort

See also

• gen
• tip
• fel