different between commune vs communal

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English commune, comune, from Old French comune, commune, from Medieval Latin comm?nia, from Latin comm?ne (“community, state”), from comm?nis (“common”). See also community, communion, common.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: k?m'yo?on, IPA^(key): /?k?mju?n/
• (US) enPR: käm'yo?on, IPA^(key): /?k?mju?n/

Noun

commune (countable and uncountable, plural communes)

1. A small community, often rural, whose members share in the ownership of property, and in the division of labour; the members of such a community.
2. A local political division in many European countries.
3. (obsolete) The commonalty; the common people.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

4. (uncountable, obsolete) communion; sympathetic intercourse or conversation between friends

   • For days of happy commune dead.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English communen, comunen, from Old French comunier, communier (“to share”), from Latin comm?nico. Doublet of communicate.

Pronunciation

• enPR: k?myo?on', IPA^(key): /k??mju?n/

Verb

commune (third-person singular simple present communes, present participle communing, simple past and past participle communed)

1. To converse together with sympathy and confidence; to interchange sentiments or feelings; to take counsel.
2. (intransitive, followed by with) To communicate (with) spiritually; to be together (with); to contemplate or absorb.

3. (Christianity, intransitive) To receive the communion.
   • 1679-1715, Gilbert Burnet, History of the Reformation

     Namely, in these things, in prohibiting that none should commune alone, in making the people whole communers, or in suffering them to commune under both kinds […]

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch commune, from Old French commune, from Latin [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??myn?/
• Hyphenation: com?mu?ne
• Rhymes: -yn?

Noun

commune f (plural communes, diminutive communetje n)

1. A commune (community living together with common property).

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: komune

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?.myn/

Etymology 1

From Medieval Latin communia, neuter plural of communis.

Noun

commune f (plural communes)

1. commune (administrative subdivision)

Descendants

Etymology 2

Adjective

commune

1. feminine singular of commun

Further reading

• “commune” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Adjective

commune (plural communi)

1. Obsolete form of comune.

Noun

commune m (plural communi)

1. Obsolete form of comune.

Derived terms

• communità

Latin

Adjective

comm?ne

1. nominative neuter singular of comm?nis
2. accusative neuter singular of comm?nis
3. vocative neuter singular of comm?nis

References

• commune in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• commune in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• commune in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• commune in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French communal, from Late Latin comm?n?lis, from Latin comm?nis. Doublet of cominal.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /k??mju?.n?l/, /?k?.mj?.n?l/
• (US, Canada) IPA^(key): /k??mju.n?l/

Adjective

communal (comparative more communal, superlative most communal)

1. pertaining to a community
2. shared by a community; public
3. (India) defined by religious ideas; based on religion

   Antonym: secular

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin comm?n?lis, from Latin comm?nis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?.my.nal/
• Homophones: communale, communales

Adjective

communal (feminine singular communale, masculine plural communaux, feminine plural communales)

1. of or relating to a commune

Related terms

Further reading

• “communal” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).