different between come vs cume

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-Germanic *kweman? (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?em- (“to step”).(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Where does the masturbation sense come from?”)

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /k?m/, [k??m], enPR: k?m
• (US) IPA^(key): /k?m/, [k??m], enPR: k?m

There is also an occasional weak form k?m. See c’mon.

• Rhymes: -?m
• Homophone: cum

Verb

come (third-person singular simple present comes, present participle coming, simple past came or (now nonstandard) come, past participle come or (rare) comen)

1. (intransitive) To move from further away to nearer to.
   • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, Guinevere

     I did not come to curse thee.

   1. To move towards the speaker.

   2. To move towards the listener.

   3. To move towards the object that is the focus of the sentence.

   4. (in subordinate clauses and gerunds) To move towards the agent or subject of the main clause.

   5. To move towards an unstated agent.

2. (intransitive) To arrive.
   • 1667 Diary of Samuel Pepys (illustrating the present historic)

     Late at night comes Mr. Hudson, the cooper, my neighbour, and tells me that he come from Chatham this evening at five o'clock, and saw this afternoon "The Royal James," "Oake," and "London," burnt by the enemy with their fire-ships:
3. (intransitive) To appear, to manifest itself.

   • when butter does refuse to come [i.e. to form]

4. (with an infinitive) To begin to have an opinion or feeling.

5. (with an infinitive) To do something by chance, without intending to do it.

6. (intransitive) To take a position relative to something else in a sequence.

8. (intransitive, vulgar, slang) To achieve orgasm; to cum; to ejaculate.
   • 2004, Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty, Bloomsbury, 2005, Chapter 2:

     Nick was more and more seriously absorbed, but then just before he came he had a brief vision of himself, as if the trees and bushes had rolled away and all the lights of London shone in on him: little Nick Guest from Barwick, Don and Dot Guest's boy, fucking a stranger in a Notting Hill garden at night.

9. (copulative, figuratively, with close) To approach a state of being or accomplishment.
10. (figuratively, with to) To take a particular approach or point of view in regard to something.

11. (copulative, fossil word) To become, to turn out to be.
12. (intransitive) To be supplied, or made available; to exist.

13. (slang) To carry through; to succeed in.

14. (intransitive) Happen.
15. (intransitive, with from or sometimes of) To have as an origin, originate.
    1. To have a certain social background.
       • 2011, Kate Gramich, Kate Roberts, University of Wales Press, ?ISBN, chapter 3, 46:

         While Kate Roberts came from a poor background and, later in life, in the post-Second World War period suffered from severe money shortages, in the early 1930s, she and her husband must have counted themselves relatively well off, particularly in comparison with their neighbours in Tonypandy.

    2. To be or have been a resident or native.

    3. To have been brought up by or employed by.

    4. To begin (at a certain location); to radiate or stem (from).

16. (intransitive, of grain) To germinate.
17. (transitive, informal) To pretend to be; to behave in the manner of.

    Don't come the innocent victim. We all know who's to blame here.

Usage notes

In its general sense, come specifically marks motion towards the deictic centre, (whether explicitly stated or not). Its counterpart, usually referring to motion away from or not involving the deictic centre, is go. For example, the sentence "Come to the tree" implies contextually that the speaker is already at the tree — "Go to the tree" often implies that the speaker is elsewhere. Either the speaker or the listener can be the deictic centre — the sentences "I will go to you" and "I will come to you" are both valid, depending on the exact nuances of the context. When there is no clear speaker or listener, the deictic centre is usually the focus of the sentence or the topic of the piece of writing. "Millions of people came to America from Europe" would be used in an article about America, but "Millions of people went to America from Europe" would be used in an article about Europe.

When used with adverbs of location, come is usually paired with here or hither. In interrogatives, come usually indicates a question about source — "Where are you coming from?" — while go indicates a question about destination — "Where are you going?" or "Where are you going to?"

A few old texts use comen as the past participle. Also, in some dialects, like rural Scots and rural Midlands dialects, the form comen is still occasionally in use, so phrases like the following can still be encountered there — Sa thoo bist comen heyr to nim min 'orse frae mee, then? [sä ðu? b?st c?mn? hi?r t? n?m mi?n ??rs fr? mi? | d??n] (so you have come here to steal my horse from me, then?).

Formerly the verb be was used as the auxiliary instead of have, for example, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.

The phrase "dream come true" is a set phrase; the verb "come" in the sense "become" is archaic outside of some set phrases like come about, come loose, come true and come undone.

The collocations come with and come along mean accompany, used as "Do you want to come with me?" and "Do you want to come along?" In the Midwestern American dialect, "come with" can occur without a following object, as in "Do you want to come with?" In this dialect, "with" can also be used in this way with some other verbs, such as "take with". Examples of this may be found in plays by Chicagoan David Mamet, such as American Buffalo. This objectless use is not permissible in other dialects.

The meaning of to ejaculate is considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts.

In older forms of English, when the pronoun thou was in active use, and verbs used -est for distinct second-person singular indicative forms, the verb come had the form comest, and had camest for its past tense. Similarly, when the ending -eth was in active use for third-person singular present indicative forms, the form cometh was used.

Antonyms

• leave, go, depart, exit, withdraw, retreat, flee

Derived terms

Related terms

• c'mere
• c'min
• c'mon

Translations

See also

• cam'st
• kingdom come

Noun

come (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Coming, arrival; approach.
   • 1869, RD Blackmoore, Lorna Doone, II:

     “If we count three before the come of thee, thwacked thou art, and must go to the women.”

2. (vulgar, slang) Semen
3. (vulgar, slang) Female ejaculatory discharge.

Usage notes

The meaning of semen or female ejaculatory discharge is considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts.

Derived terms

• cum

Preposition

come

1. Used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs.

Usage notes

• Came is sometimes used instead when the events occurred in the past.

Interjection

come

1. An exclamation to express annoyance.

2. An exclamation to express encouragement, or to precede a request.

   • “I'm through with all pawn-games,” I laughed. “Come, let us have a game of lansquenet. Either I will take a farewell fall out of you or you will have your sevenfold revenge”.

Etymology 2

See comma.

Noun

come (plural comes)

2. (typography, obsolete) Alternative form of comma in its medieval use as a middot ?·? serving as a form of colon.
   • 1842, F. Francillon, An Essay on Punctuation, page 9:

     Whoever introduced the several points, it seems that a full-point, a point called come, answering to our colon-point, a point called virgil answering to our comma-point, the parenthesis-points and interrogative-point, were used at the close of the fourteenth, or beginning of the fifteenth century.

References

Anagrams

• ECMO, MECO, meco-

Asturian

Verb

come

1. third-person singular present indicative of comer

Galician

Verb

come

1. inflection of comer:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Italian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *qu?mo (from Latin qu?modo) + et.Cognate to French comme. See also Spanish como/cómo and Catalan com.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ko.me/

Adverb

come

1. how

2. as, like

3. such as

Derived terms

• come mai
• come no
• come se

Conjunction

come

1. as soon as

Derived terms

• come non detto

Further reading

• come in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• meco

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ko?.me/, [?ko?m?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ko.me/, [?k??m?]

Adjective

c?me

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of c?mis

References

• come in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English cyme, from Proto-Germanic *kumiz.

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. arrival, coming

Alternative forms

• cume, coom, coome; kime, keome (early)

Descendants

• English: come (obsolete)
• Scots: come

References

• “c?me, c??me, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English cuma, from cuman (“to come”).

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. guest, stranger

References

• “c?me, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. Alternative form of coumb

Etymology 4

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. Alternative form of comb

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: co?me

Verb

come

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of comer
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of comer

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kome/, [?ko.me]

Verb

come

1. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of comer.
2. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of comer.

English

Etymology

From cumulative; compare cumulate.

Verb

cume (third-person singular simple present cumes, present participle cuming, simple past and past participle cumed)

1. (film) Earn cumulatively at the box office.
   • 2014, Brian Brooks, Deadline Hollywood, “Godard’s ‘Goodbye To Language’ Says Hello To Weekend’s Best Specialty Box Office”, November 2, 2014:

     Despite the exhibitor complications, Goodbye To Language has already surpassed Godard’s most recent previous project, Film Socialisme, which cumed about $33K in the U.S in its 2011 release.

Usage notes

Particularly in past or perfect forms, as “cumed” or “has cumed”, since “cumulative box office receipts” is primarily a backwards-looking concept.

Noun

cume (plural cumes)

1. (film) Cumulative box office receipts.
   • 2014, Justin Chang, Variety, “Why Godard’s ‘Goodbye to Language’ Demands a Wider 3D Release”, November 4, 2014:

     With a cume so far of more than $38,000, the film has already outgrossed Godard’s previous feature, “Film socialisme” (2010), despite having opened on far fewer screens.

   • 2017, Mark Hughes, "'Wonder Woman' Has All-Time 4th-Best Third Weekend For Superhero Movie"

     Taking into account the fact Wonder Woman opened lower than those other releases, these holds and its eventual $560-570+ million global cume after close of business Friday now all but assure Gal Gadot's Amazon princess will indeed finish its run north of $700 million.

2. (radio, television) Cumulative audience.
   • 2011, Gary Dahl, Advertising For Dummies

     If a particular station has a cume of 250,000, but most listeners are women and only a very few are within your target demo, then this 250,000 figure doesn't help you.

3. (education) Cumulative grade point average.
   • 1965, Matt Fichtenbaum and Dan Murphy, “The Institute Screw” in The Broadside of Boston, vol. III, No. 22:

Adjective

cume (not comparable)

1. (film) Cumulative.
   • 1988, Hugh Malcolm Beville, Audience Ratings: Radio, Television, and Cable

     Cume ratings provide measures of net unduplicated audience for various combinations...

   • 2016, Alan B. Albarran, Management of Electronic and Digital Media

     Cume persons represent a radio station's cumulative audience, or the estimated number of individuals reached by a radio station.

See also

• box office

Anagrams

• muce

Galician

Alternative forms

• crume

Etymology

15th century. From Latin culmen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-. Cognate with Portuguese cume and Spanish cumbre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kume?/

Noun

cume m (plural cumes)

1. mountain top, summit

   Synonym: cumio

2. ridge, roof top
   • 1433, Rodríguez González, Ángel / José Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 63:

     a qual casa se ten por parede con outra casa de Juan Peres, notario da dita villa, de h?a parte, da outra parta se ten por cume et tavoado con outra mia casa

     the aforementioned house is next to the wall of another one that belongs to Juan Perez, notary of this town, in one side, and in the other is touching, by the ridge and the wooden wall, with another house of my property

   Synonyms: cima, cumio

3. ridge board
   • 1457, Tato Plaza, Fernando R. (ed.) (1999): Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos. Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega (Ponencia de Lingua)., page 185:

     Jtem diso máis que leuara de dentro da grãja de Saar, estando presente Martj?n de Dorrõ, h?u cume de castaño de des cóuodos, pouco máis o menos

     Item, he said more, that he had taken from the inside of the farm of Sar, in the presence of Martín de Dorrón, a chestnut ridge board, of some ten cubits long, give or take

   Synonyms: crucel, cumio

4. top position

   Synonyms: cima, cúspide

5. summit (gathering of leathers, etc)

   Synonym: cumio

Derived terms

• cumial
• cumieira
• cumio

Related terms

• culminar

References

• “cume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “cume” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “cume” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “cume” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “cume” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Istriot

Alternative forms

• coûme

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *quomo (from Latin quom?do) + et. Compare Italian come, French comme, Romanian cum.

Adverb

cume

1. how
   • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 99:

     Cume li va puleîto in alto mare!

     How they row well on the high seas!

See also

• cumo

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *k?mo, from Proto-Germanic *k?mô.

Adverb

cume

1. barely, only just
2. almost, nearly

Descendants

• Dutch: kuim
• Limburgish: koem, koum (from German?)

Further reading

• “cume”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “cume”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN

Old English

Verb

cume

1. inflection of cuman:
   1. subjunctive present singular
   2. imperative singular

Old French

Conjunction

cume

1. Alternative form of conme

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese, from Latin culmen, from Proto-Italic *kolamen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kum?/

Noun

cume m (plural cumes)

1. peak, the highest point of a mountain.

   Synonyms: cimo, sumo

Derived terms

• cumeeira

Related terms

• culminar