different between come vs comer

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-Germanic *kweman? (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *g?em- (“to step”).(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Where does the masturbation sense come from?”)

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /k?m/, [k??m], enPR: k?m
• (US) IPA^(key): /k?m/, [k??m], enPR: k?m

There is also an occasional weak form k?m. See c’mon.

• Rhymes: -?m
• Homophone: cum

Verb

come (third-person singular simple present comes, present participle coming, simple past came or (now nonstandard) come, past participle come or (rare) comen)

1. (intransitive) To move from further away to nearer to.
   • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, Guinevere

     I did not come to curse thee.

   1. To move towards the speaker.

   2. To move towards the listener.

   3. To move towards the object that is the focus of the sentence.

   4. (in subordinate clauses and gerunds) To move towards the agent or subject of the main clause.

   5. To move towards an unstated agent.

2. (intransitive) To arrive.
   • 1667 Diary of Samuel Pepys (illustrating the present historic)

     Late at night comes Mr. Hudson, the cooper, my neighbour, and tells me that he come from Chatham this evening at five o'clock, and saw this afternoon "The Royal James," "Oake," and "London," burnt by the enemy with their fire-ships:
3. (intransitive) To appear, to manifest itself.

   • when butter does refuse to come [i.e. to form]

4. (with an infinitive) To begin to have an opinion or feeling.

5. (with an infinitive) To do something by chance, without intending to do it.

6. (intransitive) To take a position relative to something else in a sequence.

8. (intransitive, vulgar, slang) To achieve orgasm; to cum; to ejaculate.
   • 2004, Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty, Bloomsbury, 2005, Chapter 2:

     Nick was more and more seriously absorbed, but then just before he came he had a brief vision of himself, as if the trees and bushes had rolled away and all the lights of London shone in on him: little Nick Guest from Barwick, Don and Dot Guest's boy, fucking a stranger in a Notting Hill garden at night.

9. (copulative, figuratively, with close) To approach a state of being or accomplishment.
10. (figuratively, with to) To take a particular approach or point of view in regard to something.

11. (copulative, fossil word) To become, to turn out to be.
12. (intransitive) To be supplied, or made available; to exist.

13. (slang) To carry through; to succeed in.

14. (intransitive) Happen.
15. (intransitive, with from or sometimes of) To have as an origin, originate.
    1. To have a certain social background.
       • 2011, Kate Gramich, Kate Roberts, University of Wales Press, ?ISBN, chapter 3, 46:

         While Kate Roberts came from a poor background and, later in life, in the post-Second World War period suffered from severe money shortages, in the early 1930s, she and her husband must have counted themselves relatively well off, particularly in comparison with their neighbours in Tonypandy.

    2. To be or have been a resident or native.

    3. To have been brought up by or employed by.

    4. To begin (at a certain location); to radiate or stem (from).

16. (intransitive, of grain) To germinate.
17. (transitive, informal) To pretend to be; to behave in the manner of.

    Don't come the innocent victim. We all know who's to blame here.

Usage notes

In its general sense, come specifically marks motion towards the deictic centre, (whether explicitly stated or not). Its counterpart, usually referring to motion away from or not involving the deictic centre, is go. For example, the sentence "Come to the tree" implies contextually that the speaker is already at the tree — "Go to the tree" often implies that the speaker is elsewhere. Either the speaker or the listener can be the deictic centre — the sentences "I will go to you" and "I will come to you" are both valid, depending on the exact nuances of the context. When there is no clear speaker or listener, the deictic centre is usually the focus of the sentence or the topic of the piece of writing. "Millions of people came to America from Europe" would be used in an article about America, but "Millions of people went to America from Europe" would be used in an article about Europe.

When used with adverbs of location, come is usually paired with here or hither. In interrogatives, come usually indicates a question about source — "Where are you coming from?" — while go indicates a question about destination — "Where are you going?" or "Where are you going to?"

A few old texts use comen as the past participle. Also, in some dialects, like rural Scots and rural Midlands dialects, the form comen is still occasionally in use, so phrases like the following can still be encountered there — Sa thoo bist comen heyr to nim min 'orse frae mee, then? [sä ðu? b?st c?mn? hi?r t? n?m mi?n ??rs fr? mi? | d??n] (so you have come here to steal my horse from me, then?).

Formerly the verb be was used as the auxiliary instead of have, for example, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.

The phrase "dream come true" is a set phrase; the verb "come" in the sense "become" is archaic outside of some set phrases like come about, come loose, come true and come undone.

The collocations come with and come along mean accompany, used as "Do you want to come with me?" and "Do you want to come along?" In the Midwestern American dialect, "come with" can occur without a following object, as in "Do you want to come with?" In this dialect, "with" can also be used in this way with some other verbs, such as "take with". Examples of this may be found in plays by Chicagoan David Mamet, such as American Buffalo. This objectless use is not permissible in other dialects.

The meaning of to ejaculate is considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts.

In older forms of English, when the pronoun thou was in active use, and verbs used -est for distinct second-person singular indicative forms, the verb come had the form comest, and had camest for its past tense. Similarly, when the ending -eth was in active use for third-person singular present indicative forms, the form cometh was used.

Antonyms

• leave, go, depart, exit, withdraw, retreat, flee

Derived terms

Related terms

• c'mere
• c'min
• c'mon

Translations

See also

• cam'st
• kingdom come

Noun

come (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) Coming, arrival; approach.
   • 1869, RD Blackmoore, Lorna Doone, II:

     “If we count three before the come of thee, thwacked thou art, and must go to the women.”

2. (vulgar, slang) Semen
3. (vulgar, slang) Female ejaculatory discharge.

Usage notes

The meaning of semen or female ejaculatory discharge is considered vulgar slang. Many style guides and editors recommend the spelling come for verb uses while strictly allowing the spelling cum for the noun. Both spellings are sometimes found in either the noun or verb sense, however. Others prefer to distinguish in formality, using come for any formal usage and cum only in slang, erotic or pornographic contexts.

Derived terms

• cum

Preposition

come

1. Used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs.

Usage notes

• Came is sometimes used instead when the events occurred in the past.

Interjection

come

1. An exclamation to express annoyance.

2. An exclamation to express encouragement, or to precede a request.

   • “I'm through with all pawn-games,” I laughed. “Come, let us have a game of lansquenet. Either I will take a farewell fall out of you or you will have your sevenfold revenge”.

Etymology 2

See comma.

Noun

come (plural comes)

2. (typography, obsolete) Alternative form of comma in its medieval use as a middot ?·? serving as a form of colon.
   • 1842, F. Francillon, An Essay on Punctuation, page 9:

     Whoever introduced the several points, it seems that a full-point, a point called come, answering to our colon-point, a point called virgil answering to our comma-point, the parenthesis-points and interrogative-point, were used at the close of the fourteenth, or beginning of the fifteenth century.

References

Anagrams

• ECMO, MECO, meco-

Asturian

Verb

come

1. third-person singular present indicative of comer

Galician

Verb

come

1. inflection of comer:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Italian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *qu?mo (from Latin qu?modo) + et.Cognate to French comme. See also Spanish como/cómo and Catalan com.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ko.me/

Adverb

come

1. how

2. as, like

3. such as

Derived terms

• come mai
• come no
• come se

Conjunction

come

1. as soon as

Derived terms

• come non detto

Further reading

• come in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• meco

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ko?.me/, [?ko?m?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ko.me/, [?k??m?]

Adjective

c?me

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of c?mis

References

• come in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English cyme, from Proto-Germanic *kumiz.

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. arrival, coming

Alternative forms

• cume, coom, coome; kime, keome (early)

Descendants

• English: come (obsolete)
• Scots: come

References

• “c?me, c??me, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English cuma, from cuman (“to come”).

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. guest, stranger

References

• “c?me, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. Alternative form of coumb

Etymology 4

Noun

come (plural comes)

1. Alternative form of comb

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: co?me

Verb

come

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of comer
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of comer

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kome/, [?ko.me]

Verb

come

1. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of comer.
2. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of comer.

English

Etymology

From Middle English comere, equivalent to come +? -er.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?k?m?/

Noun

comer (plural comers)

1. One in a race who is catching up to others and shows promise of winning.
2. (figuratively) One who is catching up in some contest and has a likelihood of victory.
3. One who arrives.

Quotations

• 2004 August 9 & 16, The New Yorker, page 40:

  The transition from comer to also-ran can be quick.

• 2004 December 6, The New Yorker, page 105:

  Django, then, was not just a comer; he was a cause.

• 1959 August, American Heritage, Volume 10, Issue 5:

  Sullivan went on an unprecedented barnstorming tour across the country, taking on all comers and offering $1,000 to anyone who stayed four rounds, Oueensberry rules.

Related terms

• come

Translations

Anagrams

• crome

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin comedere, present active infinitive of comed?.

Verb

comer (first-person singular indicative present como, past participle comíu)

1. to eat

Conjugation

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese comer, from Latin comedere, present active infinitive of comed?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ko?me?]

Verb

comer (first-person singular present como, first-person singular preterite comín, past participle comido)

1. to eat

Conjugation

Related terms

• dar de comer

References

• “comer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “comer” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “comer” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “comer” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “comer” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Mirandese

Etymology

From Latin comedere, present active infinitive of comed?.

Verb

comer

1. to eat

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Portuguese comer (“to eat”), from Latin comedere, present active infinitive of comed?, from com- + ed? (“I eat”). Ed? derives from Proto-Italic *ed?, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ed- (“to eat”).

Cognate with Galician comer, Mirandese comer, quemer, Asturian comer and Spanish comer.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: co?mer

Verb

comer (first-person singular present indicative como, past participle comido)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to eat
   1. (intransitive) to consume meals

   2. (transitive) to consume a specific food

   3. (transitive with de) to eat some of a food

2. (transitive, chess, board games) to capture (eliminate a piece from the game)

   Synonym: capturar

3. (transitive) to corrode; to eat away, to destroy (to slowly destroy)

   Synonym: corroer

4. (transitive, by extension, colloquial) to use up; to eat up; to consume

   Synonyms: consumir, usar, utilizar

5. (transitive, vulgar) to fuck; to screw (to penetrate sexually)

   Synonyms: foder, penetrar

6. (transitive, vulgar, by extension) to have any sexual or otherwise libidinous relationship with someone
7. first-person singular (eu) personal infinitive of comer
8. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) personal infinitive of comer
9. first-person singular (eu) future subjunctive of comer
10. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) future subjunctive of comer

Conjugation

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:comer.

Synonyms

• (to eat): alimentar-se
• (to have sex): faturar, papar, traçar

Derived terms

• vi com esses olhos que a terra há de comer

Descendants

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: kume
• Kabuverdianu: kume
• Malay: kumi
• Papiamentu: kome

Noun

comer m (plural comeres)

1. (colloquial, sometimes proscribed) food; meal

Synonyms

• (food): comida, refeição

Further reading

• “comer” in iDicionário Aulete.
• “comer” in Dicionário inFormal.
• “comer” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “comer” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2021.
• “comer” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
• “comer” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin comedere, present active infinitive of comed?, from com- + ed?.Ed? derives from Proto-Italic *ed?, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ed- (“to eat”).

Cognate with Galician comer, Mirandese comer, quemer, Asturian comer and Portuguese comer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ko?me?/, [ko?me?]

Verb

comer (first-person singular present como, first-person singular preterite comí, past participle comido)

1. to eat

2. (colloquial) to eat away, corrode
3. (transitive, chess, board games) to capture a piece
4. (double entendre, Mexico) to have sexual intercourse (because of similarity to coger)

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

See also

Noun

comer m (plural comeres)

1. eating, food

   Synonyms: alimento, comida

Further reading

• “comer” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.