different between column vs callum

English

Etymology

From Middle English columne, columpne, columpe, borrowed from Old French columne, from Latin columna (“a column, pillar, post”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”). Akin to Latin collis (“a hill”), celsus (“high”), probably to Ancient Greek ??????? (koloph?n, “top, summit”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?k?l?m/
• (General American), (Ireland) enPR: k?l??m, IPA^(key): /?k?l?m/
• (General American, rare), (Ireland) enPR: k?l?j?m, IPA^(key): /?k?lj?m/
• Hyphenation: col?umn
• Rhymes: -?l?m

Noun

column (plural columns)

1. (architecture) A solid upright structure designed usually to support a larger structure above it, such as a roof or horizontal beam, but sometimes for decoration.
2. A vertical line of entries in a table, usually read from top to bottom.
3. A body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
4. A body of text meant to be read line by line, especially in printed material that has multiple adjacent such on a single page.

5. A unit of width, especially of advertisements, in a periodical, equivalent to the width of a usual column of text.

6. (by extension) A recurring feature in a periodical, especially an opinion piece, especially by a single author or small rotating group of authors, or on a single theme.

7. Something having similar vertical form or structure to the things mentioned above, such as a spinal column.
8. (botany) The gynostemium
9. (chemistry) An object used to separate the different components of a liquid or to purify chemical compounds.

Synonyms

• (upright structure): post, pillar, sile

Antonyms

• (line of table entries): row (which is horizontal)

Hypernyms

• (upright structure): beam

Derived terms

Translations

Further reading

• column in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• column in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Latin

Alternative forms

• callus

Etymology

Uncertain, but possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”) (perhaps via suffixed zero-grade *kl?H-no-(m)); see also Old Church Slavonic ?????? (kaliti, “to harden, cool”), Old Irish calath (“hard”), Sanskrit ????? (kalik?, “bud”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?kal.lum/, [?käl?????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?kal.lum/, [?k?l?um]

Noun

callum n (genitive call?); second declension

1. A hard or thick substance.
2. The hardened, thick skin upon animal bodies, hide.
3. The hard skin or flesh of plants.
4. The hard covering of soil.
5. A callus, induration.
6. (figuratively) Hardness, callousness, insensibility, stupidity.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Synonyms

• (callus): cl?vus
• (hide): corium, cutis, pellis, scortum, tergus

Derived terms

• calle?
• call?sus

Related terms

• call?sit?s

Descendants

• Catalan: call, cal·lus
• Galician: calo
• Italian: callo
• Portuguese: calo
• Spanish: callo

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) , “callum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, ?ISBN, page 84
• callum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• callum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• callum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• callum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.