different between clutch vs jam

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl?t??/
• Rhymes: -?t?

Etymology 1

From Middle English clucchen, clicchen, cluchen, clechen, cleken, from Old English cly??an (“to clutch, clench”), from Proto-Germanic *klukjan?, from Proto-Germanic *klu- (“to ball up, conglomerate, amass”), from Proto-Indo-European *glew- (“to ball up; lump, mass”).Cognate with Swedish klyka (“clamp, fork, branch”). The noun is from Middle English cleche, cloche, cloke ("claw, talon, hand"; compare Scots cleuk, cluke, cluik (“claw, talon”)), of uncertain origin, with the form probably assimilated to the verb.

Alternative etymology derives Old English cly??an from Proto-Germanic *kl?k- (“claw, hand”), from Proto-Indo-European *gl?k-, *?l??- (“claw, hand; to clutch, snatch”). If so, then cognate with Irish glac (“hand”).

Alternative forms

• cletch, clitch, cleach (dialectal)
• cleak, cleek, cleik, click (dialectal)
• clouch (obsolete)

Verb

clutch (third-person singular simple present clutches, present participle clutching, simple past and past participle clutched)

1. To seize, as though with claws. [from 14th c.]
   • a. 1700, Jeremy Collier, A Thought

     A man may set the poles together in his head, and clutch the whole globe at one intellectual grasp.
2. To grip or grasp tightly. [from 17th c.]

Synonyms

• (grip or grasp tightly): clasp, grasp, grip; See also Thesaurus:grasp

Translations

Noun

clutch (plural clutches)

1. The claw of a predatory animal or bird. [from 13th c.]
2. (by extension) A grip, especially one seen as rapacious or evil. [from 16th c.]

   • the clutch of poverty

   • 1676, Edward Stillingfleet, A defence of the discourse concerning the idolatry practised in the Church of Rome […]

     I must have […] little care of myself, if I ever more come near the clutches of such a giant.

   • 1919, W. Somerset Maugham, The Moon and Sixpence, chapter 57

     You scold yourself; you know it is only your nerves—and yet, and yet... In a little while, it is impossible to resist the terror that seizes you, and you are helpless in the clutch of an unseen horror.

3. A device to interrupt power transmission, commonly used to separate the engine and gearbox in a car. [from 19th c.]
4. The pedal in a car that disengages power and torque transmission from the engine (through the drivetrain) to the drive wheels.
5. Any device for gripping an object, as at the end of a chain or tackle.
6. A small handbag or purse with no straps or handle.
   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4

     The clutch which I had made to save myself in falling had torn away from this chin-band and let the lower jaw drop on the breast, but little else was disturbed, and there was Colonel John Mohune resting as he had been laid out a century ago.

Synonyms

• (small handbag): clutch bag

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Variant form of cletch, from Middle English cleken (“to hatch”), perhaps from Old Norse klekja (“to hatch”).

Noun

clutch (plural clutches) (collective)

1. A brood of chickens or a sitting of eggs. [from 18th c.]
2. A group or bunch (of people or things). [from 20th c.]
   • 2012, The Economist, 22nd Sep., Innovation in Government: Britain's Local Labs

     No longer would Britons routinely blame the national government when things went wrong. Instead they would demand action from a new clutch of elected mayors, police commissioners and the like.

Derived terms

• clutch initiation
• subclutch

Translations

Verb

clutch (third-person singular simple present clutches, present participle clutching, simple past and past participle clutched)

1. (transitive) To hatch.

Etymology 3

Unknown; possibly analagous to clinch, pinch, which have similar senses.

Noun

clutch (plural clutches)

1. (US) An important or critical situation.

Translations

Adjective

clutch (comparative more clutch, superlative most clutch)

1. (US, Canada) Performing or tending to perform well in difficult, high-pressure situations.

Derived terms

• clutch artist
• clutch hitter

References

• clutch at OneLook Dictionary Search
• clutch in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• cultch

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• kløtsj

Etymology

From English clutch

Noun

clutch m (definite singular clutchen, indefinite plural clutcher, definite plural clutchene)

1. a clutch (device between engine and gearbox)
2. clutch pedal

   trå in clutchen - step on the clutch

Synonyms

• kobling
• kopling

References

• “clutch” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• kløtsj

Etymology

From English clutch

Noun

clutch m (definite singular clutchen, indefinite plural clutchar, definite plural clutchane)

1. a clutch (device between engine and gearbox)
2. (short form of) clutch pedal (as in English)

Synonyms

• kopling

References

• “clutch” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?klot??/, [?klot??]

Noun

clutch m (plural clutches)

1. Alternative form of cloche

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, US) IPA^(key): /?d?æm/
• (Southern England, Australia) IPA^(key): /?d?æ?m/
• - fruit spread
• - verb
• Rhymes: -æm
• Homophone: jamb

Etymology 1

First attested in the early 18th c. as a verb meaning “to press, be pressed, be wedged in”. Eventually onomatopoeic, perhaps identical with Middle English cham (“to bite, to gnash one's teeth”), whence modern champ.

Noun

jam (countable and uncountable, plural jams)

1. A sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar and allowed to congeal. Often spread on bread or toast or used in jam tarts.

   Synonyms: (US) conserve, jelly, preserve

2. (countable) A difficult situation.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:difficult situation
3. (countable) Blockage, congestion.

4. (countable, popular music) An informal, impromptu performance or rehearsal.
5. (countable, by extension, informal) A song; a track.
   • 2001, Jet (volume 100, number 22, page 25)

     The result is an outstanding assortment of sophisticated, sexy and hip-hop-tinged R&B grooves, ballads and party jams.

6. (countable, by extension) An informal event where people brainstorm and collaborate on projects.

7. (uncountable, slang) That which one particularly prefers, desires, enjoys, or cares about.

8. (countable, baseball) A difficult situation for a pitcher or defending team.

9. (countable, basketball) A forceful dunk.
10. (countable, roller derby) A play during which points can be scored.

11. (climbing, countable) Any of several maneuvers requiring wedging of an extremity into a tight space.

12. (Britain, slang) luck.

13. (slang) sexual relations or the contemplation of them.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Czech: džem
• ? Japanese: ??? (jamu)
• ? Korean: ? (jaem)
• ? Russian: ???? (džem)
• ? Serbo-Croatian: dž?m, ????
• ? Slovak: džem

Translations

See also

• jelly
• marmalade

Verb

jam (third-person singular simple present jams, present participle jamming, simple past and past participle jammed)

1. To get something stuck, often (though not necessarily) in a confined space.
   • 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, London: W. Taylor, 3rd edition, 1719, p. 226,^[1]

     The Ship, which by its Building was Spanish, stuck fast, jaum’d in between two Rocks; all the Stern and Quarter of her was beaten to Pieces with the Sea […]

2. To brusquely force something into a space; cram, squeeze.
   • 1779, George Colman, Farewell Epilogue, spoken at Wynnstay after the representation of Cymbeline and The Spanish Barber, 22 January, 1779, in Prose on Several Occasions: Accompanied with Some Pieces in Verse, London: T. Cadel, 1787, Volume 3, p. 283,^[2]

     Since the new post-horse tax, I dare engage

     That some folks here have travell’d in the Stage:

     Jamm’d in at midnight, in cold winter weather,

     The crouded passengers are glew’d together.

3. To cause congestion or blockage. Often used with "up"

4. To block or confuse a broadcast signal.
5. (baseball) To throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands.

6. (music) To play music (especially improvisation as a group, or an informal unrehearsed session).
7. To injure a finger or toe by sudden compression of the digit's tip.

8. (roller derby) To attempt to score points.

9. (nautical, transitive) To bring (a vessel) so close to the wind that half her upper sails are laid aback.
   • 1887, William Clark Russell, The Golden Hope

     It won't do to jam her,” answered Stone ;" but it might be worth findin' out if th' Hope won't lie closer than t' other can." Half a point ----"

10. (Canada, informal) To give up on a date or some joint endeavour; stand up, chicken out, jam out.

Synonyms

• ram

Derived terms

• (to squeeze into a small space): jam-pack
• jammer
• jam band
• jam session

Translations

Etymology 2

Persian or Hindi, meaning "garment, robe;" see ????? (“garment”). Related to pajamas.

Noun

jam (plural jams)

1. (dated) A kind of frock for children.

Etymology 3

Noun

jam (plural jams)

1. (mining) Alternative form of jamb

References

• jam on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• jam at OneLook Dictionary Search
• jam in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• JMA, Maj, Maj., maj.

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h?ésmi (“I am, I exist”), identical with Ancient Greek ???? (eimí), Sanskrit ????? (ásmi), English am. Aorist qeshë from Proto-Indo-European *k?el- (“to turn, revolve”), with a semantic development similar to Germanic *werdan (“to become”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jam/

Verb

jam (first-person singular past tense qeshë, participle qenë)

1. to be

Conjugation

References

Czech

Etymology

From Portuguese inhame or Spanish iñame, both likely of West African origin.

Noun

jam m

1. yam (any Dioscorea vine)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English jam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??m/
• Hyphenation: jam
• Rhymes: -?m

Noun

jam m (plural jams, diminutive jammetje n)

1. (chiefly Netherlands) jam (congealed sweet mixture of conserved fruits)

Synonyms

• confituur
• marmelade

Derived terms

• aardbeienjam
• jampot
• kersenjam

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin iam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jam/
• Hyphenation: jam
• Audio:

Adverb

jam

1. already

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

jam

1. granary, storehouse

Highland Popoluca

Noun

jam

1. lime

References

• Elson, Benjamin F.; Gutiérrez G., Donaciano (1999) Diccionario popoluca de la Sierra, Veracruz (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 41)?^[3] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., ?ISBN, page 74

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay jam, from Sanskrit ??? (y?ma, “time”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?d??am]
• Hyphenation: jam

Noun

jam (first-person possessive jamku, second-person possessive jammu, third-person possessive jamnya)

1. hour (Time period of sixty minutes)
2. clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)
3. (colloquial) time, particular moment or hour; the appropriate moment or hour for something

   Synonyms: pukul, saat, waktu

Further reading

• “jam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Adverb

jam (not comparable)

1. already

Javanese

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit ??? (y?ma)

Noun

jam

1. clock

Latgalian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?jam/
• Hyphenation: jam

Pronoun

jam

1. dative singular of jis

References

• Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, ?ISBN, page 37

Latin

Adverb

jam (not comparable)

1. Alternative form of iam

References

• jam in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Lindu

Noun

jam

1. time
2. hour
3. clock

Lithuanian

Pronoun

jam m

1. (third-person singular) dative form of jis.
   • 2007, Jurga (Jurga Šeduikyt?), Angelai

     Jo balti sparnai man tinka

     Jam savo šarvus dovanoju

     His white wings suit me

     I present to him my armor

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit ??? (y?ma, “time”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d??am]
• Rhymes: -d??am, -am

Noun

jam (Jawi spelling ???, plural jam-jam, informal 1st possessive jamku, impolite 2nd possessive jammu, 3rd possessive jamnya)

1. hour (Time period of sixty minutes)
2. clock (instrument to measure or keep track of time)

Further reading

• “jam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

North Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian j?. Cognate with West Frisian jimme

Pronoun

jam

1. you (plural)
2. your (plural)

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jam/

Noun

jam f

1. genitive plural of jama

Pronoun

jam

1. (informal, sometimes proscribed) Combined form of ja +? -m (first person singular pronoun + verb suffix).

Further reading

• jam in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Slovene

Noun

jam

1. genitive dual/plural of jama

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /j??m/

Noun

jam n

1. meow (sound of a cat)

Declension

Related terms

• jama

Anagrams

• Maj, maj

Welsh

Etymology

From English jam.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??am/

Noun

jam m (plural jamiau, not mutable)

1. jam

   Synonym: cyffaith

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “jam”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

jam c (plural jams)

1. jam, fruit preserves

Alternative forms

• sjem

Further reading

• “jam (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011