different between cluster vs surge

English

Etymology

From Middle English cluster, from Old English cluster, clyster (“cluster, bunch, branch”), from Proto-Germanic *klus-, *klas- (“to clump, lump together”) + Proto-Germanic *-þr? (instrumental suffix), related to Low German Kluuster (“cluster”), dialectal Dutch klister (“cluster”), Swedish kluster (“cluster”), Icelandic klasi (“cluster; bunch of grapes”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kl?st?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?kl?st?/
• Rhymes: -?st?(r)

Noun

cluster (plural clusters)

1. A group or bunch of several discrete items that are close to each other.

   a cluster of islands

   • 1595, Edmund Spenser, Colin Clouts Come Home Againe

     Her deeds were like great clusters of ripe grapes, / Which load the bunches of the fruitful vine.

2. A number of individuals grouped together or collected in one place; a crowd; a mob.

3. (astronomy) A group of galaxies or stars that appear near each other.

4. (linguistics, education) A sequence of two or more words that occur in language with high frequency but are not idiomatic; a chunk, bundle, or lexical bundle.

   examples of clusters would include "in accordance with", "the results of" and "so far"

5. (music) A secundal chord of three or more notes.
6. (phonetics) A group of consonants.

7. (computing) A group of computers that work together.
8. (computing) A logical data storage unit containing one or more physical sectors (see block).
9. (statistics, cluster analysis) A subset of a population whose members are sufficiently similar to each other and distinct from others as to be considered a distinct group; such a grouping in a set of observed data that is statistically significant.
10. (military) A set of bombs or mines released as part of the same blast.
11. (army) A small metal design that indicates that a medal has been awarded to the same person before.
12. (slang, euphemistic) A clusterfuck.
13. (chemistry) An ensemble of bound atoms or molecules, intermediate in size between a molecule and a bulk solid.

Derived terms

Descendants

Translations

Verb

cluster (third-person singular simple present clusters, present participle clustering, simple past and past participle clustered)

1. (intransitive) To form a cluster or group.

   The children clustered around the puppy.

   • ?, Alfred Tennyson, Oenone

     His sunny hair / Cluster'd about his temples, like a god's.

   • 1563, John Foxe, Actes and Monuments

     the princes of the country […] clustering together

   • 1997, Lynn Keller, Forms of Expansion: Recent Long Poems by Women, University of Chicago Press, ?ISBN, chapter 6, 281:

     On the page, “Me” is irregular but—except for a prominent drawing of a two-toned hieroglyphic eye—not radically unusual: the lines are consistently left-justified; their length varies from one to a dozen syllables; they cluster in stanzalike units anywhere from one to six lines long that are separated by consistent spaces.

2. (transitive) To collect into clusters.
3. (transitive) To cover with clusters.

Translations

Anagrams

• culters, curlest, custrel, cutlers, relucts

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English cluster.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kl?s.t?r/
• Hyphenation: clus?ter
• Rhymes: -?st?r

Noun

cluster f or m or m (plural clusters, diminutive clustertje n)

1. cluster
2. (astronomy) star cluster

   Synonyms: sterrencluster, sterrenhoop, sterrenzwerm

Derived terms

• sterrencluster

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English cluster.

Noun

cluster m (plural clusters)

1. cluster

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from English cluster.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /?kl?s.te?/

Noun

cluster m (plural clusters)

1. (music) cluster (chord of three or more notes)
2. (computing) cluster (group of computers working concurrently)

Spanish

Noun

cluster m (plural clusters or cluster)

1. Alternative spelling of clúster

English

Etymology

From Middle English surgen, possibly from Middle French sourgir, from Old French surgir (“to rise, ride near the shore, arrive, land”), from Old Catalan surgir, from Latin surg?, contr. of surrig?, subrig? (“lift up, raise, erect; intransitive rise, arise, get up, spring up, grow, etc.”, transitive verb), from sub (“from below; up”) + reg? (“to stretch”); see regent.

Pronunciation

• (US) enPR: sûrj IPA^(key): /s?d?/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /s??d?/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d?
• Homophone: serge

Noun

surge (plural surges)

1. A sudden transient rush, flood or increase.

2. The maximum amplitude of a vehicle's forward/backward oscillation
3. (electricity) A sudden electrical spike or increase of voltage and current.

4. (aviation) A momentary reversal of the airflow through the compressor section of a jet engine due to disruption of the airflow entering the engine's air intake, accompanied by loud banging noises, emission of flame, and temporary loss of thrust.
5. (nautical) The swell or heave of the sea. (FM 55-501).
   • 1901, Bible (American Standard Version), James i. 6

     He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed.

   • He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar, / Pursues the foaming surges to the shore.

6. (obsolete) A spring; a fountain.
   • 1523-1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Froissart's Chronicles

     all great rivers are gorged and assembled of various surges and springs of water

7. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.

Synonyms

• inrush

Derived terms

• countersurge
• surgeless

Translations

Verb

surge (third-person singular simple present surges, present participle surging, simple past and past participle surged)

1. (intransitive) To rush, flood, or increase suddenly.

   • Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations.
2. To accelerate forwards, particularly suddenly.
3. (transitive, nautical) To slack off a line.

Related terms

• source

Translations

References

• surge in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• surge in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• FM 55-501

Anagrams

• Ruges, grues, urges

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -urd?e

Verb

surge

1. third-person singular present indicative of surgere

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?sur.?e/, [?s??r??]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?sur.d??e/, [?surd???]

Verb

surge

1. second-person singular present active imperative of surg?
   • (Matt. IX. v.5)

            Arise, and walk. (KJV)

Portuguese

Verb

surge

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of surgir
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of surgir

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?su?xe/, [?su?.xe]

Verb

surge

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of surgir.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of surgir.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of surgir.