different between cladogram vs cladistics

English

From clado- +? -gram.

cladogram (plural cladograms)

(taxonomy) A branching treelike graphical representation of the phylogenetic relationships between organisms showing which taxa have branched from common ancestors.
- 2000, Richard Fortey, ‘No Such Thing as a Fish’, London Review of Books, vol. 22 no. 13:
  Hard though it may seem to associate avian elegance with cumbersome and ferocious behemoths this was the story told by the cladograms, revealed by interpreting the bones of the famous old bird Archaeopteryx unfettered by preconceived notions.
(phylogenetics) A phylogenetic tree that is strictly the outcome of a cladistic analysis.

cladistics (uncountable)

(systematics) An approach to biological systematics in which organisms are grouped based upon synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics) only, and not upon symplesiomorphies (shared ancestral characteristics).
- 1991, Warren W. Burggren, William E. Bemis, Physiological Evolution: Paradigms and Pitfalls, Matthew H. Nitecki, Doris V. Nitecki (editors), Evolutionary Innovations, page 210,
  Here we suggest emphasis on the techniques of cladistics (Eldredge and Cracraft 1980; Wiley 1981; Coddington 1988) because they provide a clear means of organizing phylogenetic information in branching diagrams.
- 2001, Clare Bates Congdon, Gaphyl: A Genetic Algorithms Approach to Cladistics, Luc de Raedt, Arno Siebes (editors), Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery: 5th European Conference PKDD 2001, Volume 5, Springer, LNAI 2168, page 67,
  This research investigates the use of genetic algorithms to solve problems from cladistics — a technique used by biologists to hypothesize the relationships between organisms.

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