different between civitas vs civilise

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?vit?s (“city; state, city-state”). Doublet of city.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ki.w??t?s/, /?t?ivi?t?s/

Noun

civitas (plural civitates)

1. (Roman history) The social body of the citizens united by law
2. (Roman history) A city and its territory
3. (pedantic) A community.
4. (pedantic) A state, (chiefly) a city-state.

References

• Merriam-Webster Online. "civitas". 2015.

Anagrams

• cavitis

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *keiwit?ts. Equivalent to c?vis (“citizen”) +? -it?s.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ki?.u?i.ta?s/, [?ki?u??t?ä?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?t??i.vi.tas/, [?t??i?vit??s]

Noun

c?vit?s f (genitive c?vit?tis); third declension

1. (Classical Latin) citizenship and its rights; often referring to Roman citizenship
2. (Classical Latin) the state, body politic, citizens of a territory (collectively)
3. (Classical Latin, metonymically) a city and all external territory (thus distinguished from urbs)
4. (Classical Latin, metonymically) city-states, kingdoms, or tribes, especially under Roman rule.
5. (Medieval Latin) a city: a major, biblical, or specially incorporated town, particularly cathedral cities

   • His diebus Langobardi Italia invaserunt, Vincentiam Veronamque et reliquas Venetiarum civitates coepit, et per tres annos Ticino possedit.

     In those days that the Lombards invaded Italy, he began Vincentia & Verona and the rest of the Venetian cities, and possessed Ticino for three years.

6. (Medieval Latin) a borough: a walled settlement, sometimes particularly former Roman towns
7. (Ecclesiastical Latin) either the Church or Heaven

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Derived terms

• c?vit?tula
• c?r?tor c?vit?tis, d?f?nsor c?vit?tis, ex?ctor c?vit?tis

Related terms

Descendants

References

• civitas in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• civitas in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• civitas in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• civitas in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• civitas in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• civitas in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

English

Alternative forms

• civilize

Etymology

civil +? -ise

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?v?la?z/
• Hyphenation: civ?il?ise

Verb

civilise (third-person singular simple present civilises, present participle civilising, simple past and past participle civilised)

1. To educate or enlighten a person or people to a perceived higher standard of behaviour.
2. To introduce or impose the standards of one civilisation upon another civilization, group or person, arguably with the intent of achieving a perceived higher standard of behavior.
3. To bring from a state of savagery to an educated or refined state.

Related terms

• civilisation, civilization
• civil
• city
• civitas
• civilian
• citizen

Translations

French

Verb

civilise

1. first-person singular present indicative of civiliser
2. third-person singular present indicative of civiliser
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of civiliser
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of civiliser
5. second-person singular imperative of civiliser