different between civil vs guerrilla

English

Etymology

From Middle English cyvyl, civil, borrowed from Old French civil, from Latin c?v?lis (“relating to a citizen”), from c?vis (“citizen”). Cognate with Old English h?wen (“household”), h?r?den (“family”). More at hind; hird. Doublet of civic.

Pronunciation

• enPR: ?s?v-?l IPA^(key): /?s?v.?l/
• Rhymes: -?v?l

Adjective

civil (comparative more civil, superlative most civil)

1. (not comparable) Having to do with people and government office as opposed to the military or religion.

   She went into civil service because she wanted to help the people.

2. (comparable) Behaving in a reasonable or polite manner.

   It was very civil of him to stop the argument.

   Antonyms: anti-civil, impolite, inconsiderate, noncivil, rude

3. (law) Relating to private relations among citizens, as opposed to criminal matters.

   a civil case

4. Secular.

Derived terms

Related terms

• civic
• civilization

Translations

References

• civil at OneLook Dictionary Search
• civil in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• civil in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• clivi

Asturian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Adjective

civil (epicene, plural civiles)

1. civil, civilian

Derived terms

• civilización
• guerra civil
• xunión civil

References

• "civil" in Diccionariu de la Llingua Asturiana

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /si?vil/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /si?bil/

Adjective

civil (masculine and feminine plural civils)

1. civil
2. civilian

Antonyms

• (polite): incivil
• (civilian): militar

Derived terms

Related terms

• civilitat

Noun

civil m or f (plural civils)

1. a member of the guardia civil

Further reading

• “civil” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si?vi?l/

Adjective

civil

1. civil (all senses), civilian

Inflection

Derived terms

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /si.vil/

Adjective

civil (feminine singular civile, masculine plural civils, feminine plural civiles)

1. civil (war, marriage etc.)
2. (politics) lay
3. civilian
4. (literary) civil, courteous, polite

Derived terms

Related terms

• civique
• cité

Noun

civil m (plural civils, feminine civile)

1. civilian

Further reading

• “civil” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Galician

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Adjective

civil m or f (plural civís)

1. civil, civilian

Derived terms

• guerra civil
• unión civil

References

• "civil" in Real Academia Galega

Interlingua

Adjective

civil (not comparable)

1. civil, civilian (not associated with the armed forces)

Norman

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis, from c?vis (“citizen”), from Proto-Indo-European *?ey- (“to lie down, settle; home, family; love; beloved”).

Adjective

civil m

1. (Jersey) polite
2. (Jersey) civil

Derived terms

• dgèrre civile (“civil war”)

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis.

Adjective

civil m (feminine singular civila, masculine plural civils, feminine plural civilas)

1. civil

Derived terms

• guèrra civila f

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis (“civil”), from c?vis (“citizen”). Doublet of cível.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /si?viw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /si?vi?/
• Hyphenation: ci?vil
• (Brazil) Rhymes: -iw
• (Portugal) Rhymes: -i?

Adjective

civil m or f (plural civis, comparable)

1. civil; civilian (not relating to the military or clergy)

2. civic (relating to citizens)

   Synonym: cívico

   Antonym: militar

3. (law) relating to civil law

   Synonym: cível

   Antonym: criminal

4. occurring between the inhabitants of the same country

5. civil (behaving in a reasonable or polite manner)

   Synonyms: civilizado, cortês, educado, polido

   Antonyms: deseducado, grosseiro, deselegante, feio

Derived terms

• casado no civil
• casar no civil
• guerra civil

Noun

civil m, f (plural civis)

1. civilian, non-combatant (person who is not a member of the military, police or belligerent group)

Derived terms

Romanian

Alternative forms

• ?ivil (archaic and popular)

Etymology

Borrowed from French civil, Latin civilis.

Adjective

civil m or n (feminine singular civil?, masculine plural civili, feminine and neuter plural civile)

1. civil

Declension

Noun

civil m (plural civili)

1. civilian

Declension

Related terms

• civilitate
• civiliza
• civiliza?ie
• cetate

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Zivil, from French civil, from Latin c?v?lis (“civic, civil”), from c?vis (“citizen”).

Noun

cìv?l m (Cyrillic spelling ?????)

1. civilian (not related to the military armed forces)

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?v?lis (“civil, civic”), from c?vis (“citizen”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /?i?bil/, [?i???il]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /si?bil/, [si???il]
• Homophone: sibil (non-Castilian dialects)
• Rhymes: -il

Adjective

civil (plural civiles) (superlative civilísimo)

1. civil (all senses)

Derived terms

Related terms

Swedish

Adjective

civil

1. civil; having to do with people and organizations outside military or police, sometimes also outside of other team-based activities, such as a professional sports team

Declension

English

Alternative forms

• guerilla

Etymology

From Spanish guerrilla, diminutive of guerra (“war”), coined during the Peninsular War.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?????l?/
• Homophone: gorilla

Noun

guerrilla (plural guerrillas)

1. A soldier in a small independent group, fighting against the government or regular forces by surprise raids.

2. (now rare) A non-official war carried out by small independent groups; a guerrilla war.

Translations

Adjective

guerrilla (comparative more guerrilla, superlative most guerrilla)

1. (military) Relating to, using, or typical of guerrilla warfare, or its principles of small independent or non-official perpetrators.
   • 1908, George Devereux Oswell, Sketches of Rulers of India, volume I, Chapter VII, page 127:

     Wherever Nicholson was most wanted, there he was sure to be found. What his life was at this time may be seen from a letter he wrote to his mother: 'I am leading a very guerrilla sort of life with seven hundred horse and foot raised among the people of the country. The chieftain who is in rebellion has eight regular regiments and sixteen guns, so that I am unable to meet them openly in the field.'

   • 1963, Samuel B. Griffith (translator), Mao Zedong, The Red Book of Guerrilla Warfare, edited by Shawn Conners, ?ISBN, published 2010, page 14, original 1937

     On the other hand, after the fall of Feng Ling Tu, the operations of Central Shansi, and Suiyuan, troops were more guerrilla than orthodox in nature.

   • 1976, Walter Laqueur, Guerrilla Warfare, page 205:

     The Slovak uprising in the latter days was not guerrilla in character, which, incidentally, may have been one of the reasons for its failure.

2. (marketing) Relating to, using, or typical of guerrilla marketing.
   • 1989, Michael Wiese, Film & video marketing, page 445:

     We took a very guerrilla approach to marketing Goin' Hollywood, in keeping with the irreverent tone of the game.
3. Using unconventional, non-traditional, non-mainstream and often subversive practices to achieve something.

See also

• guerrillero
• guerrilla warfare
• partisan

Catalan

Etymology

From Spanish guerrilla.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /???ri.??/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?e?ri.?a/

Noun

guerrilla f (plural guerrilles)

1. guerrilla (small official or unofficial military troop)
2. guerrilla war

Derived terms

• guerriller

Further reading

• “guerrilla” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “guerrilla” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “guerrilla” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “guerrilla” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish guerrilla.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???ril.ja?/, /??e??ril.ja?/
• Hyphenation: guer?ril?la

Noun

guerrilla f (plural guerrilla's)

1. A guerrilla war; guerrilla warfare. [from 1810s]

   Synonym: guerrillaoorlog

2. A guerrilla fighter.

   Synonyms: guerrillastrijder, guerrillero

Derived terms

• guerrillabasis
• guerilla-eenheid
• guerrillagroepering
• guerrillaleger
• guerrillaoorlog
• guerrillastrijder

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: gerilya

Spanish

Etymology

guerra (“war”) +? -illa (diminutive suffix)

Pronunciation

Noun

guerrilla f (plural guerrillas)

1. guerrilla (small official or unofficial military troop)
2. guerrilla war

Derived terms

• guerrillear
• guerrillero

Descendants

• ? Catalan: guerrilla
• ? English: guerrilla, guerilla
• ? French: guérilla
  • ? Turkish: gerilla
• ? Italian: guerriglia
• ? Piedmontese: guerija
• ? Portuguese: guerrilha

Further reading

• “guerrilla” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.