different between circle vs hem

English

Etymology

From Middle English circle, cercle, from Old French cercle and Latin circulus, diminutive of Latin circus (“circle, circus”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (kírkos, “circle, ring”), related to Old English hring (“ring”). Compare also Old English ?ircul (“circle, zodiac”), which came from the same Latin source.

Pronunciation

• enPR: sûr?-k?l, IPA^(key): /?s??k?l/
  • (UK) IPA^(key): [?s??.k??]
  • (US) IPA^(key): [?s?.k??]
• Rhymes: -??(?)k?l
• Homophone: cercal
• Hyphenation: cir?cle

Noun

circle (plural circles)

1. (geometry) A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from a given point (center).

   Synonyms: (not in mathematical use) coil, (not in mathematical use) ring, (not in mathematical use) loop

2. A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance (radius) from a given point.

   Synonyms: disc, (in mathematical and general use) disk, (not in mathematical use; UK & Commonwealth only) round

3. Any shape, curve or arrangement of objects that approximates to or resembles the geometric figures.

   Children, please join hands and form a circle.

   1. Any thin three-dimensional equivalent of the geometric figures.

   2. A curve that more or less forms part or all of a circle.

4. A specific group of persons; especially one who shares a common interest.

   Synonyms: bunch, gang, group

   • At half-past nine on this Saturday evening, the parlour of the Salutation Inn, High Holborn, contained most of its customary visitors. […] In former days every tavern of repute kept such a room for its own select circle, a club, or society, of habitués, who met every evening, for a pipe and a cheerful glass.

   • “I don't mean all of your friends—only a small proportion—which, however, connects your circle with that deadly, idle, brainless bunch—the insolent chatterers at the opera, the gorged dowagers, […], the jewelled animals whose moral code is the code of the barnyard—!"

   • 1922, Margery Williams, The Velveteen Rabbit

     The Rabbit could not claim to be a model of anything, for he didn’t know that real rabbits existed; he thought they were all stuffed with sawdust like himself, and he understood that sawdust was quite out-of-date and should never be mentioned in modern circles.

5. The orbit of an astronomical body.
6. (cricket) A line comprising two semicircles of 30 yards radius centred on the wickets joined by straight lines parallel to the pitch used to enforce field restrictions in a one-day match.
7. (Wicca) A ritual circle that is cast three times deosil and closes three times widdershins either in the air with a wand or literally with stones or other items used for worship.
8. (South Africa) A traffic circle or roundabout.
9. (obsolete) Compass; circuit; enclosure.
10. (astronomy) An instrument of observation, whose graduated limb consists of an entire circle. When fixed to a wall in an observatory, it is called a mural circle; when mounted with a telescope on an axis and in Y's, in the plane of the meridian, a meridian or transit circle; when involving the principle of reflection, like the sextant, a reflecting circle; and when that of repeating an angle several times continuously along the graduated limb, a repeating circle.
11. A series ending where it begins, and repeating itself.

    • Thus in a circle runs the peasant's pain.

12. (logic) A form of argument in which two or more unproved statements are used to prove each other; inconclusive reasoning.
    • 1661, Joseph Glanvill, The Vanity of Dogmatizing

      That heavy bodies descend by gravity; and, again, that gravity is a quality whereby a heavy body descends, is an impertinent circle and teaches nothing.

13. Indirect form of words; circumlocution.
    • 1610, Ben Jonson, The Alchemist

      Has he given the lie, / In circle, or oblique, or semicircle.

14. A territorial division or district.

15. (in the plural) A bagginess of the skin below the eyes from lack of sleep.

Derived terms

Related terms

• circular
• circulate
• circus

Descendants

• Pitcairn-Norfolk: sirkil

Translations

Verb

circle (third-person singular simple present circles, present participle circling, simple past and past participle circled)

1. (transitive) To travel around along a curved path.

   The wolves circled the herd of deer.
2. (transitive) To surround.

   A high fence circles the enclosure.

   • 1699, William Dampier, Voyages and Descriptions

     Their heads are circled with a short turban.

   • 1798, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Dungeon

     So he lies, circled with evil.

3. (transitive) To place or mark a circle around.

   Circle the jobs that you are interested in applying for.

4. (intransitive) To travel in circles.

   Vultures circled overhead.

Derived terms

• circle the drain

Translations

Anagrams

• cleric

English

Etymology 1

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?m/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA^(key): /h?m/
• Rhymes: -?m
• Homophone: him (pin-pen merger)

Interjection

hem

1. Used to fill in the gap of a pause with a vocalized sound.

Noun

hem (plural hems)

1. An utterance or sound of the voice like "hem", often indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call attention.
   • January 8, 1712', John Dryden, The Spectator No. 269

     his morning hems

Verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

1. To make the sound expressed by the word hem; to hesitate in speaking.

Derived terms

• hem and haw

Translations

See also

• ahem
• haw

Etymology 2

From Middle English hem, hemm, in turn from Old English hemm, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian ????? (k?amel, “to press, wring”), Russian ??? (kom, “lump”).

The verb is from Middle English hemmen, from Old English hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjan?, or alternatively derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?m/
  • (pin–pen merger) IPA^(key): /h?m/
• Rhymes: -?m
• Homophone: him (pin-pen merger)

Noun

hem (plural hems)

1. (sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.
2. A rim or margin of something.
3. In sheet metal design, a rim or edge folded back on itself to create a smooth edge and to increase strength or rigidity.

Derived terms

• touch the hem of someone's garment

Translations

Verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

1. (intransitive) (in sewing) To make a hem.
2. (transitive): To put hem on an article of clothing, to edge or put a border on something.
3. (transitive): To surround something or someone in a confining way.

   A small yard hemmed about by a tall hedge.

Derived terms

• hemmer
• hem in

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English hem, from Old English heom (“them”, dative), originally a dative plural form but in Middle English coming to serve as an accusative plural as well. More at 'em.

Pronoun

hem

1. Obsolete form of 'em.
   • 1481, William Caxton, The Historie of Reynart the Foxe

     And wente to the kinge and to the queene, and said to hem with a glad cheer.

   • 1485, William Caxton, Paris and Vienne

     For eyther of hem mayntened.

   • 1591, John Florio, Second Frutes to be gathered of twelve trees, of diverse but delightful tastes to the tongues of Italian and English

     ‘What thinke you of this English, tel me I pray you.’ ‘It is a language that wyl do you good in England but passe Dover, it is woorth nothing.’ ‘Is it not used then in other countreyes?’ ‘No sir, with whom wyl you that they speake?’ ‘With English marchants.’ ‘English marchantes, when they are out of England, it liketh hem not, and they doo not speake it.

   • Tho to the greene wood they speeden hem all.

   • Except we make hem such.

   • 1605, George Chapman, Ben Jonson and John Marston, Eastward Ho

     They go forth on Holydays and gather hem by the seashore.

Anagrams

• Meh, meh

Bislama

Alternative forms

• hemi

Etymology

From English him.

Pronoun

hem

1. Third person singular pronoun:
   1. he; she
   2. him; her
   3. his; her
   4. his; hers

Catalan

Verb

hem

1. first-person plural present indicative form of haver

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hem, from Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??m/

Pronoun

hem

1. (personal) Third-person singular, masculine, objective: him.

2. (personal) The tagger in a game of tag: it.

Inflection

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?h?m]
• Hyphenation: hem
• Rhymes: -?m

Noun

hem (plural hemek)

1. (biochemistry) heme (component of hemoglobin)

Declension

Derived terms

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hem, related to eimr (“vapor”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h??m/
• Rhymes: -??m

Noun

hem n (genitive singular hems, nominative plural hem)

1. thin layer of ice

   Synonym: skæni

Declension

Verb

hem (weak)

1. first-person singular present indicative of hemja
2. second-person singular imperative of hemja

References

Indonesian

Etymology 1

From Dutch hemd, from Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-Germanic *hamiþij?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?h?m]
• Hyphenation: hèm

Noun

hèm (first-person possessive hemku, second-person possessive hemmu, third-person possessive hemnya)

1. shirt, an article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.

   Synonym: kemeja

Etymology 2

From English heme.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?h?m]
• Hyphenation: hèm

Noun

hèm (first-person possessive hemku, second-person possessive hemmu, third-person possessive hemnya)

1. (biochemistry) The component of hemoglobin (and other hemoproteins) responsible for binding oxygen; heme.

Etymology 3

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?h?m]
• Hyphenation: hêm

Interjection

hêm

1. Used to express furious, etc.

Further reading

• “hem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /hem/, [h???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /em/, [?m]

Interjection

hem

1. eh?, well well! (expressing surprise)

Related terms

• ehem

References

• hem in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• hem in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

Pronoun

hem

1. accusative/dative of hi
2. dative of het

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch hin, from Proto-Germanic *himaz.

Pronoun

hem

1. accusative/dative of si (“they”)

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English heom, from Proto-Germanic *himaz, masculine and neuter dative plural of *hiz. Compare þem.

Pronoun

hem (nominative he)

2. Third-person plural accusative pronoun: them
   • 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9–11.

   • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41

   • c. 1539, Murdoch Nisbet, The New Testament

     He prayis hem to lyue releg[ious] lyff[is] and to luk waraly for the cummyng of the lord.

3. (reflexive) themselves

Alternative forms

• heme, hemme, heom, heon, hoem, hom, home, huem, hum, ham, hame, him, hym, em, am, ?am

Descendants

• English: 'em, hem
• Yola: aam

See also

References

• “hem, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English hemm. See English hem for more.

Noun

hem

1. hem (edge of cloth or garment)
2. edge, boundary

Alternative forms

• heme, hemme, hemn, hemne

Descendants

• English: hem
• Scots: hem, heme

References

• “hem, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Pronoun

hem

1. Alternative form of him (“him”)

Northern Kurdish

Conjunction

hem

1. and

See also

• herwiha
• û

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

hem

1. imperative of hemme

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

Noun

h?m ?

1. home, house
2. hamlet

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: hêem, heim
  • Dutch: heem, heim (possibly from German), -em, -hem, -gem (in placenames)
    • Afrikaans: heim
  • Limburgish: heim

Further reading

• “h?m”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?he?m/, [?h??m]

Noun

h?m m

1. Alternative form of h?m

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN, page 28

Pijin

Alternative forms

• hemi

Etymology

From English him

Pronoun

hem

1. he/she/it (third-person singular pronoun)

See also

Portuguese

Interjection

hem

1. Rare form of hein.

Romanian

Etymology

From French hème.

Noun

hem n (plural hemuri)

1. heme

Declension

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse heim < heimr, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /h?m/

Adverb

hem

1. home; to one's home

Noun

hem n

1. a home; one's dwelling place, as in a house or a more general geographical place; the abiding place of the affections.
2. a home; an institution

Declension

Related terms

• hemma

Derived terms

References

• hem in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowing from Persian ??? (ham).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hem/

Adverb

hem

1. and also

Conjunction

hem

1. both; and