different between cilium vs axoneme

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cilium (“eyelid”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?l.i.?m/
• Rhymes: -?li?m

Noun

cilium (plural cilia)

1. (cytology) A short microscopic hairlike organelle projecting from a eukaryotic cell (such as a unicellular organism or one cell of a multicelled organism) which serve either for propulsion by causing currents in the surrounding fluid or as sensors.

   Hyponym: primary cilium

2. (entomology) One of the fine hairs along an insect's wing.
3. (botany) Hairs or similar protrusions along the margin of an organ.
4. (anatomy) An eyelash.

Hyponyms

• ciliolum

Derived terms

Related terms

• supercilium

Translations

See also

• flagellum

References

• “cilium”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• “cilium”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary, (Please provide a date or year).

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *?el-yo-m, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *?el- (“to cover”). Compare Ancient Greek ????? (kúl?).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ki.li.um/, [?k?li???]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?t??i.li.um/, [?t??i?lium]

Noun

cilium n (genitive cili? or cil?); second declension

1. (anatomy) eyelid

   Synonym: palpebra

   1. (transferred sense) lower eyelid

      Antonym: supercilium

2. (Medieval Latin, usually in the plural) eyelash

   Synonym: palpebra

Inflection

Second-declension noun (neuter).

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

• cili?ris (adjective)
• intercilium
• supercilium

Descendants

References

• cilium in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cilium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• cilium in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

English

Noun

axoneme (plural axonemes)

1. (biology) A bundle of nine microtubules forming the internal scaffolding of a cilium, with two extra central microtubules connecting the others if the cilium is motile