different between churl vs clod

English

Etymology

From Middle English churl, cherl, cheorl, from Old English ?eorl (“a freeman of the lowest class, a churl, a countryman, husbandman, a hero, husband, man, male person, a man of inferior class, peasant, rustic, commoner, layman”), from Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“man, elder”), from Proto-Indo-European *?erh?- (“grown-up, old, mature”). Cognate with Scots churl (“a churl, a rustic”), North Frisian tzierl, tjierl, tsjerl (“fellow, man, churl”), West Frisian tsjirl (“fellow, churl”), Dutch kerel (“man, churl, fellow”), Low German kerl, kerel, kirl (“man, fellow, churl”), German Kerl (“man, fellow”), Swedish karl (“man, fellow”), Icelandic karl (“a male”), Polish karze? (“a small man”).The deprecating sense developed by 1300. The variant carl, carle (without a derogatory connotation) is a loan from the Old Norse cognate.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t???l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /t???l/
• Rhymes: -??(r)l

Noun

churl (plural churls)

1. A rustic; a countryman or labourer; a free peasant (as opposed to a serf).
   • 1858, Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Adirondacs":

     Your rank is all reversed; let men of cloth

     Bow to the stalwart churls in overalls:

     They are the doctors of the wilderness,

     And we the low-priced laymen.

   • 1859 George Meredith, The Ordeal of Richard Feverel, Chapter 9:

     “A see T’m Baak’ll,” the Bantam recommenced, and again the contortions of a horrible wink were directed at Richard. The boy might well believe this churl was lying, and he did, and was emboldened to exclaim—

     “You never saw Tom Bakewell set fire to that rick!”

2. A rough, surly, ill-bred person; a boor.

   • A churl's courtesy rarely comes, but either for gain or falsehood.

3. A selfish miser; an illiberal person; a niggard.
   • 1594, Michael Drayton. "The Legend of Miltilda the Fair":

     like to some rich churl hoarding up his pelf […]

   • 1597, William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet (Quarto I), [Act V, sc. 3] (Juliet to poison that killed Romeo):

     Ah churle drinke all, and leaue no drop for me.

   • 1609, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 1:

     Within thine own bud buriest they content

     And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.

   • 1611, King James Version, Isaiah 32:5:

     The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be bountiful.

   • 1768, Laurence Sterne, A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy, "Calais":

     […] when a few words will rescue misery out of her distress, I hate the man who can be a churl of them.

4. (Theodism) A freedman, ranked below a thane but above a thrall.

Derived terms

• churlish
• churly

Translations

Anagrams

• lurch

English

Etymology

From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to Dutch klodde (“rag”) and kloot (“clod”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kl?d/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kl?d/
• Rhymes: -?d, -??d

Noun

clod (plural clods)

1. A lump of something, especially of earth or clay.
   • 1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), originally published in 1581 by Torquato Tasso, s:Jerusalem Delivered

     clods of blood

   • 1903, Warwick Deeping, Uther and Igraine

     As for yon clod of clay, we will bury it later, lest it should pollute so goodly a pool.

   • 1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary

     One of the clods took it back of the ear, and it used language. It gave me a thrill, for it was the first time I had ever heard speech, except my own.

   • 2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest

     "What a bunch of hooey," I said under my breath, tossing a dirt clod over my shoulder against the locked-up garden shed.

2. The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf.
   • 1723, Jonathan Swift, Pethox the Great

     the clod where once their sultan's horse hath trod

3. A stupid person; a dolt.
   • 1906, Robert Barr, The Triumphs of Eugène Valmont

     'What was its number?'
     'I don't know, sir.'
     'You clod! Why didn't you call one of our men, whoever was nearest, and leave him to shadow the American while you followed the cab?'

   • 1986 February 14, Bill Watterson, Calvin and Hobbes

     So here's a valentine for you, you insensitive clod!!

   • 1998, Chickenpox (episode of South Park TV series)

     Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and clods.

   • 2015, "Jail Break" (episode of Steven Universe TV series)

     Peridot: Don't touch that! You clods don't know what you're doing!

4. Part of a shoulder of beef, or of the neck piece near the shoulder.

Translations

Verb

clod (third-person singular simple present clods, present participle clodding, simple past and past participle clodded)

1. (transitive) To pelt with clods.
   • 1906, Mark Twain,Eve's Diary"

     "When I went there yesterday evening in the gloaming it had crept down and was trying to catch the little speckled fishes that play in the pool, and I had to clod it to make it go up the tree again and let them alone."

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Jonson to this entry?)

2. (transitive, Scotland) To throw violently; to hurl.
3. To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot.
   • 1610, Template:Giles Fletcher, Christ's Victorie and Triumph

     Clodded in lumps of clay.

References

clod in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Anagrams

• cold, loc'd

Middle English

Alternative forms

• clodd, clodde, cludde

Etymology

A late by-form of clot of unclear provenance. Compare Old English *clod, a form of clot found in compounds and placenames.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl?d/

Noun

clod (plural cloddes)

1. A clod; a ball of earth or clay.
2. (rare) A clot or clump of blood.
3. (rare) A shoulder of beef.

Derived terms

• clodred
• clodden
• cloddre

Descendants

• English: clod
• Scots: clod

References

• “clod, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”), from Proto-Indo-European *?lew- (“heard, famous”) (whence also clywed (“to hear”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klo?d/

Noun

clod m (plural clodydd)

1. praise, renown, credit
2. distinction (in exam results)

Derived terms

• anghlod (“dispraise”)
• canu clodydd (“to sing the praises of”)
• clodfawr (“famous, renowned”)
• clodwiw (“praiseworthy”)

Mutation

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “clod”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies