different between characteristic vs personal

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ??????????????? (kharakt?ristikós), from ??????????? (kharakt?ríz?, “to designate by a characteristic mark”), from ???????? (kharakt?r, “a mark, character”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kæ??kt????st?k/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k???kt????st?k/
• Rhymes: -?st?k
• Hyphenation: char?ac?te?ris?tic

Adjective

characteristic (comparative more characteristic, superlative most characteristic)

1. Being a distinguishing feature of a person or thing.

Synonyms

• distinctive
• exclusive
• idiosyncratic
• indicative
• representative
• signature
• specific
• typical

Antonyms

• uncharacteristic
• untypical

Derived terms

• characteristic function
• characteristicness

Translations

Noun

characteristic (plural characteristics)

1. A distinguishing feature of a person or thing.
2. (mathematics) The integer part of a logarithm.
   • 1830, Solomon Pearson Miles, Thomas Sherwin, Mathematical Tables: Comprising Logarithms of Numbers, […] , page 69,

     It is evident, moreover, that as the logarithms of numbers, which are tenfold, the one of the other, do not differ except in their characteristics, it is sufficient that the tables contain the fractional parts only of the logarithms.

   • 1911, F. T. Swanwick, Elementary Trigonometry, Cambridge University Press, page 60,

     As the sine and cosine are always proper fractions their logarithms are negative, i.e. have negative characteristics. When we are given an angle, it is impossible to say, from inspection of the angle, what the characteristic of the logarithm of its sine, cosine or tangent may be; so the characteristics have to be printed with the mantissae.

   • 1961, Principles and Applications of Mathematics for Communications-Electronics, [U.S.] Department of the Army, page 69,

     Similarly, the characteristic for .003 is ?3, and the characteristic for .0003 is ?4.

3. (nautical) The distinguishing features of a navigational light on a lighthouse etc by which it can be identified (colour, pattern of flashes etc.).
4. (algebra, field theory, ring theory) For a given field or ring, a natural number that is either the smallest positive number n such that n instances of the multiplicative identity (1) summed together yield the additive identity (0) or, if no such number exists, the number 0.
   • 1962 [John Wiley & Sons], Nathan Jacobson, Lie Algebras, 1979, Dover, page 289,

     In this chapter we study the problem of classifying the finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras over an arbitrary field of characteristic 0.

   • 1992, Simeon Ivanov (translator), P. M. Gudivok, E. Ya. Pogorilyak, On Modular Representations of Finite Groups over Integral Domains, Simeon Ivanov (editor), Galois Theory, Rings, Algebraic Groups and Their Applications, American Mathematical Society, page 87,

     Let R be a Noetherian factorial ring of characteristic p which is not a field.

   • 1993, S. Warner, Topological Rings, Elsevier (North-Holland), page 424,

     Traditionally, a complete, discretely valued field of characteristic zero, the maximal ideal of whose valuation ring is generated by the prime number p, has been called a p-adic field. In our terminology, the valuation ring of a p-adic field is a Cohen ring of characteristic zero whose residue field has characteristic p, and consequently a p-adic field is simply the quotient field of such a Cohen ring.

Synonyms

• (distinguishing feature of a person or thing): attribute, hallmark, idiosyncrasy, mannerism, quality, tendency, trademark, trait
• See also Thesaurus:characteristic

Coordinate terms

• (part of a logarithm): mantissa

Derived terms

• defining characteristic

Related terms

• characteristically

Translations

See also

• mantissa

Further reading

• characteristic in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• characteristic in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Interlingua

Adjective

characteristic (not comparable)

1. characteristic

Related terms

• characteristica

English

Alternative forms

• personall (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin pers?n?lis (“of a person, personly”), equivalent to person +? -al.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?p??.s?n.?l/, /?p??s.n?l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?p??.s?n.?l/, /?p??s.n?l/
• Hyphenation: per?son?al, perso?nal

Adjective

personal (comparative more personal, superlative most personal)

1. Pertaining to human beings as distinct from things.
2. Of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals; peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or general

3. Pertaining to the external or bodily appearance; corporeal.
4. Done in person; without the intervention of another.
   • 2011, Bob Nelson, Peter Economy, Consulting For Dummies

     Although you miss the nonverbal cues that you pick up in a personal meeting, you can call far more clients in a day than you can meet with in person.

5. Relating to an individual, their character, conduct, motives, or private affairs, in an invidious and offensive manner

   personal reflections or remarks

6. (grammar) Denoting a person.

Usage notes

Not to be confused with personnel (“employees, staff”).

Synonyms

• personally

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• personal in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

Noun

personal (plural personals)

1. An advertisement by which individuals attempt to meet others with similar interests.
2. A movable; a chattel.

Translations

Anagrams

• psoralen

Catalan

Etymology

From Late Latin pers?n?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /p??.so?nal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /p?r.su?nal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /pe?.so?nal/

Adjective

personal (masculine and feminine plural personals)

1. personal

   Antonym: impersonal

Derived terms

• personalitzar
• personalment
• unipersonal

Related terms

• impersonal
• persona
• personalitat

Further reading

• “personal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “personal” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “personal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “personal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cebuano

Etymology

English personal, from Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin pers?n?lis (“of a person, personly”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: per?so?nal

Adjective

personal

1. of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals; peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or general

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:personal.

German

Etymology

From Late Latin pers?n?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??zo?na?l/
• Hyphenation: per?so?nal

Adjective

personal (not comparable)

1. personal

Declension

Further reading

• “personal” in Duden online

Indonesian

Etymology

From English personal, from Middle English personal, personele, from Anglo-Norman personel, personal, personell, Old French personal, personel, from Late Latin pers?n?lis (“of a person, personly”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [p?r?sonal]
• Hyphenation: pêr?so?nal

Adjective

personal

1. personal.

Related terms

Further reading

• “personal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Interlingua

Adjective

personal (comparative plus personal, superlative le plus personal)

1. personal

Noun

personal (uncountable)

1. staff, personnel

Ladin

Adjective

personal m (feminine singular personala, masculine plural personai, feminine plural personales)

1. personal

Portuguese

Etymology

Clipping of personal trainer.

Noun

personal

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Spanish

Etymology

From Late Latin pers?n?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pe?so?nal/, [pe?.so?nal]

Adjective

personal (plural personales)

1. personal

   Antonym: impersonal

Derived terms

Noun

personal m (plural personales)

1. personnel, staff

Hyponyms

Noun

personal m (uncountable)

1. (informal) folks, people, mob, crowd; the masses
   • 1993, Francisco Umbral, Queremos saber, Antena 3, 23 April:

     Yo he venido aquí a hablar de mi libro; y no a hablar de lo que opine el personal, que me da lo mismo, porque para eso tengo mi columna y mi opinión diaria.

Derived terms

• antipersonal

Related terms

• impersonal
• persona
• personalidad

Further reading

• “personal” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [p???n???l]

Noun

personal c

1. staff (employees of a business)

Declension

Anagrams

• polarens, polernas