different between character vs roman

English

Etymology

From Middle English caracter, from Old French caractere, from Latin character, from Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r, “type, nature, character”), from ??????? (kharáss?, “I engrave”). Doublet of charakter.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k??(?)kt?/, /?kæ?(?)kt?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?kæ??kt?/
• Hyphenation: char?ac?ter

Noun

character (countable and uncountable, plural characters)

1. (countable) A being involved in the action of a story.
2. (countable) A distinguishing feature; characteristic; trait; phene.

3. (uncountable, countable) A complex of traits marking a person, group, breed, or type.

   • A man of […] thoroughly subservient character

4. (uncountable) Strength of mind; resolution; independence; individuality; moral strength.

5. (countable) A unique or extraordinary individual; a person characterized by peculiar or notable traits, especially charisma.

6. (countable) A written or printed symbol, or letter.
   • 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech

     It were much to be wished that there were throughout the world but one sort of character for each letter to express it to the eye.

7. (countable, dated) Style of writing or printing; handwriting; the particular form of letters used by a person or people.
8. (countable, dated) A secret cipher; a way of writing in code.
9. (countable, computing) One of the basic elements making up a text file or string: a code representing a printing character or a control character.
10. (countable, informal) A person or individual, especially one who is unknown or raises suspicions.

11. (countable, mathematics) A complex number representing an element of a finite Abelian group.
12. (countable) Quality, position, rank, or capacity; quality or conduct with respect to a certain office or duty.

13. (countable, dated) The estimate, individual or general, put upon a person or thing; reputation.

    • This subterraneous passage is much mended since Seneca gave so bad a character of it.

14. (countable, dated) A reference given to a servant, attesting to their behaviour, competence, etc.
15. (countable, obsolete) Personal appearance.

Usage notes

Character is sometimes used interchangeably with reputation, but the two words have different meanings; character describes the distinctive qualities of an individual or group while reputation describes the opinions held by others regarding an individual or group. Character is internal and authentic, while reputation is external and perceived.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Pages starting with “character”.

Translations

Verb

character (third-person singular simple present characters, present participle charactering, simple past and past participle charactered)

1. (obsolete) To write (using characters); to describe.

See also

• codepoint
• font
• glyph
• letter
• symbol
• rune
• pictogram

Latin

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek ???????? (kharakt?r).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /k?a?rak.ter/, [k?ä??äkt??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ka?rak.ter/, [k????kt??r]

Noun

character m (genitive charact?ris); third declension

1. branding iron
2. brand (made by a branding iron)
3. characteristic, mark, character, style

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Descendants

• Hungarian: karakter
• Galician: caritel; ? carácter
• Irish: carachtar
• Italian: carattere
• Old French: caractere
  • ? English: character
  • French: caractère
• Polish: charakter
  • ? Russian: ????????? (xarákter)
• Portuguese: caractere, carácter
• Sicilian: caràttiri
• Spanish: carácter

References

• character in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• character in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• character in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700?^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Noun

character m (plural characteres)

1. Obsolete spelling of caráter (used in Portugal until September 1911 and died out in Brazil during the 1920s).

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: r?m?n, IPA^(key): /????m?n/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Adjective

roman (not comparable)

1. (of type, typography) upright, as opposed to italic

   Antonyms: italic, italicised, italicized, oblique, slanted, sloped

2. (of text, computing) of or related to the Latin alphabet

Noun

roman (uncountable)

1. (typography) One of the main three types used for the Latin alphabet (the others being italics and blackletter), in which the ascenders are mostly straight.
2. (archaic) A novel.
   • 2014, "Novel and Romance: Etymologies". Heyworth, Gregory; Logan, Peter Melville (ed.). Encyclopedia of the Novel, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, p. 942. ?ISBN

     Samuel Johnson, writing in his Dictionary of the English Language (1755), [defined] "novel [as] a small tale, generally of love." To modern sensibilities, Johnson's novel resembles more closely the novella in dimension and the romance in substance. [...] [T]he term romance, or roman, once interchangeable with novel in English, retains the meaning of novel in Germany, France, Russia, and most of Europe, while in the anglophone world it has been demoted to frivolity.

Derived terms

• Times New Roman (proprietary)

Translations

See also

Roman type on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Armon, Manor, Maron, Moran, Narom, Nor Am, Nor-Am, NorAm, Norma, manor, moran, morna, norma

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Likely from Russian ?????? (román), ultimately from French roman.

Noun

roman

1. A novel.

Declension

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /ro?man/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ru?man/

Verb

roman

1. third-person singular present indicative form of romandre
2. second-person singular imperative form of romandre

Crimean Tatar

Noun

roman

1. A novel, epic
2. The Romanian language.

   Synonyms: r?men, rum?n

Declension

Danish

Noun

roman c (singular definite romanen, plural indefinite romaner)

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Declension

References

• “roman” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French roman.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ro??m?n/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Noun

roman m (plural romans, diminutive romannetje n)

1. A novel (work of fiction)

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: roman
• ? Malay: roman
  • Indonesian: roman

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.m??/
• Homophone: romans

Etymology 1

In the 19th century, borrowed from Latin romanus. or from the French noun below , originally from Old French romanz (“common language”).

Adjective

roman (feminine singular romane, masculine plural romans, feminine plural romanes)

1. (linguistics) Romance
2. (art) romanesque

Derived terms

• langue romane

See also

• romanesque

Etymology 2

From Old French romanz (“common language (as opposed to Latin)”), from Vulgar Latin romanic? (“in the way of the Romans (as opposed to the Franks)”), from Latin r?m?nicus < r?m?nus..The meaning “common language” changed into “book in common language” and then into “adventure novel”. See also romance, of the same ultimate origin but borrowed through Spanish.

Noun

roman m (plural romans)

1. A novel (work of fiction).
2. (colloquial) A very long text. (see pavé)

Derived terms

• roman à thèse
• romancier

Descendants

All are borrowed.

References

Further reading

• “roman” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Friulian

Adjective

roman

1. Roman

Indonesian

Etymology 1

From Malay roman, from Dutch roman, from French roman, from Old French romanz (“common language (as opposed to Latin)”), from Vulgar Latin romanic? (“in the way of the Romans (as opposed to the Franks)”), from Latin r?m?nicus < r?m?nus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ro.man/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Noun

roman (first-person possessive romanku, second-person possessive romanmu, third-person possessive romannya)

1. A novel.

   Synonym: novel

Etymology 2

From Indonesian romansa, from Dutch romance, from German Romanze, from French romance, from Spanish romance, itself probably a borrowing from either Old French romanz or Old Occitan romans, meaning a narrative work in the vernacular speech, from Vulgar Latin romanic? (“in a Roman manner”), ultimately from Latin r?m?nicus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ro.man/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Noun

roman (first-person possessive romanku, second-person possessive romanmu, third-person possessive romannya)

1. (colloquial) A love story.

Further reading

• “roman” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Dutch roman, from French roman, from Old French romanz (“common language (as opposed to Latin)”), from Vulgar Latin romanic? (“in the way of the Romans (as opposed to the Franks)”), from Latin r?m?nicus < r?m?nus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ro.man/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Noun

roman (plural roman-roman, informal 1st possessive romanku, impolite 2nd possessive romanmu, 3rd possessive romannya)

1. (obsolete) A novel, story written in long prose.

   Synonym: novel

Descendants

• Indonesian: roman

Further reading

• “roman” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From French roman.

Pronunciation

Noun

roman m (definite singular romanen, indefinite plural romaner, definite plural romanene)

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Derived terms

References

• “roman” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From French roman.

Noun

roman m (definite singular romanen, indefinite plural romanar, definite plural romanane)

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Derived terms

• krimroman

References

• “roman” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ro?man/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French roman (“novel, epic”), from Old French romanz.

Noun

roman n (plural romane)

1. A novel, epic (work of fiction).

Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French roman (“a medieval romance”).

Noun

roman n (plural romane)

1. A Medieval romance.

Declension

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Latin r?m?nus. Doublet of român (“Romanian”) and rumân, which was inherited.

Adjective

roman m or n (feminine singular roman?, masculine plural romani, feminine and neuter plural romane)

1. Roman

Declension

Noun

roman m (plural romani, feminine equivalent roman?)

1. A Roman.

Declension

Related terms

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From French roman.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?ma?n/
• Hyphenation: ro?man

Noun

ròm?n m (Cyrillic spelling ???????)

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Declension

References

• “roman” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?má?n/

Noun

rom?n m inan

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Inflection

Swedish

Pronunciation

Noun

roman c

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Declension

Derived terms

See also

• novell
• romans
• romantik
• romantisk

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from French roman.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?omán/

Noun

roman (definite accusative roman?, plural romanlar)

1. A novel (work of fiction).

Declension