different between chair vs moderate

English

Alternative forms

• chur (Bermuda)

Etymology

From Middle English chayer, chaire, chaiere, chaere, chayre, chayere, from Old French chaiere, chaere, from Latin cathedra (“seat”), from Ancient Greek ??????? (kathédra), from ???? (katá, “down”) + ???? (hédra, “seat”). Displaced native stool and settle, which now have more specialised senses. Doublet of cathedra and chaise.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t????(?)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /t?????/
• Rhymes: -??(?)
• Homophone: chare

Noun

chair (plural chairs)

1. An item of furniture used to sit on or in, comprising a seat, legs, back, and sometimes arm rests, for use by one person. Compare stool, couch, sofa, settee, loveseat and bench.

2. Clipping of chairperson.
3. (music) The seating position of a particular musician in an orchestra.

4. (rail transport) An iron block used on railways to support the rails and secure them to the sleepers, and similar devices.
5. (chemistry) One of two possible conformers of cyclohexane rings (the other being boat), shaped roughly like a chair.
6. (slang, with the) Ellipsis of electric chair (the execution device).

7. (education) A distinguished professorship at a university.
8. A vehicle for one person; either a sedan borne upon poles, or a two-wheeled carriage drawn by one horse; a gig.
9. The seat or office of a person in authority, such as a judge or bishop.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Assamese: ?????? (sear)
• ? Bengali: ?????? (cear), ????? (cêr)
• ? Oriya: ????? (cear), ?????? (ciyar), ???? (ciarô)

Translations

Verb

chair (third-person singular simple present chairs, present participle chairing, simple past and past participle chaired)

1. (transitive) To act as chairperson at; to preside over.
2. (transitive) To carry in a seated position upon one's shoulders, especially in celebration or victory.
   • 1896, A. E. Houseman, "To An Athlete Dying Young," in A Shropshire Lad

     The time you won your town the race

     We chaired you through the marketplace.

3. (transitive, Wales, Britain) To award a chair to (a winning poet) at a Welsh eisteddfod.

Translations

Anagrams

• Archi, Chira, archi-

French

Etymology

From Middle French chair, char, from Old French char, charn (earlier carn), from Latin carnem, accusative of car?, from Proto-Italic *kar?, from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *(s)ker-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???/
• Homophones: chaire, chaires, chairs, cher, chers, chère, chères, cherres
• Rhymes: -??

Noun

chair f (plural chairs)

1. flesh

Derived terms

• bien en chair
• chair à canon
• chair de poule
• en chair et en os
• ni chair ni poisson

Related terms

Further reading

• “chair” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Gallo

Etymology

From Old French cheoir, from Latin cado, cognate with French choir.

Verb

chair

1. to fall
2. to crash

Manx

Adjective

chair

1. Lenited form of cair.

Noun

chair f

1. Lenited form of cair.

Mutation

Middle French

Alternative forms

• char

Etymology

From Old French char, charn, from Latin carnem, accusative singular of car?.

Noun

chair f (plural chairs)

1. flesh

Descendants

• French: chair

Old French

Verb

chair

1. alternative infinitive of cheoir.

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem chié distinct from the unstressed stem che, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

English

Etymology

From Middle English moderat, from Latin moder?tus, perfect active participle of moderor (“regulate, restrain, moderate”), from moder-, modes-, a stem appearing also in modestus (“moderate, discreet, modest”), from modus (“measure”); see mode and modest.

Pronunciation

• Adjective, noun:
  • (UK): IPA^(key): /?m?d???t/
  • (US): enPR: mäd'?r-?t, IPA^(key): /?m?d???t/
• Verb:
  • (UK): IPA^(key): /?m?d??e?t/
  • (US): enPR: mäd'?-r?t, IPA^(key): /?m?d??e?t/

Adjective

moderate (comparative more moderate, superlative most moderate)

1. Not excessive; acting in moderation

   moderate language

   a moderate Calvinist

   travelling at a moderate speed

   • 1731, Jonathan Swift, The Presbyterians Plea of Merit

     A number of moderate members managed […] to obtain a majority in a thin house.

2. Mediocre
3. Average priced; standard-deal
4. Not violent or rigorous; temperate; mild; gentle.

   a moderate winter

   • 1859, Arthur Hugh Clough, Life of Sertorius

     These are called the Islands of the Blest; rains fall there seldom, and in moderate showers, but for the most part they have gentle breezes, bringing along with them soft dews

5. (US, politics) Having an intermediate position between liberal and conservative.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:moderate
• See also Thesaurus:intermediate

Derived terms

• moderately
• moderateness

Translations

Noun

moderate (plural moderates)

1. One who holds an intermediate position between extremes, as in politics.

   While the moderates usually propose political compromise, it's often only achieved when the extremists allow them so

   The moderates are the natural advocates of ecumenism against the fanatics of their churches.

2. (Christianity, historical) One of a party in Scottish Church history dominant in the 18th century, lax in doctrine and discipline, but intolerant of evangelicalism and popular rights. It caused the secessions of 1733 and 1761, and its final resultant was the Disruption of 1843.

Translations

Verb

moderate (third-person singular simple present moderates, present participle moderating, simple past and past participle moderated)

1. (transitive) To reduce the excessiveness of (something)

   to moderate rage, action, desires, etc.

   • 1730, John Arbuthnot, An Essay Concerning the Nature of Aliments

     By its astringent Quality, it moderates the relaxing quality of warm Water.

   • 2000, Paul G. Coleman, Positron Beams and Their Applications (page 309)

     This leaves two strategies to increase the current in a positron beam. First is to provide a stronger positron source and second is to develop a more efficient method to moderate the source positrons into a monoenergetic beam.

     To moderate stiff minds disposed to strive.

2. (intransitive) To become less excessive
3. (transitive) To preside over (something) as a moderator

   to moderate a synod

4. (intransitive) To act as a moderator; to assist in bringing to compromise
5. (transitive, physics) To supply with a moderator (substance that decreases the speed of neutrons in a nuclear reactor and hence increases likelihood of fission).

   a graphite-moderated reactor

Synonyms

• (reduce excesses): temperate
• (preside): arbitrate, chair

Derived terms

• moderation
• moderating

Related terms

• modal
• modality
• mode
• model
• moderator
• module

Translations

References

• moderate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• moderate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

moderate

1. inflection of moderat:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

Italian

Verb

moderate

1. inflection of moderare:
   1. second-person plural present indicative
   2. second-person plural imperative
2. feminine plural of moderato

Anagrams

• dateremo

Latin

Verb

moder?te

1. second-person plural present active imperative of moder?

References

• moderate in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• moderate in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Norwegian Bokmål

Adjective

moderate

1. definite singular of moderat
2. plural of moderat

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

moderate

1. definite singular of moderat
2. plural of moderat