different between casualty vs correlation

English

Etymology

From casual, from Middle French casuel, from Medieval Latin casualitas and Late Latin c?su?lis (“happening by chance”), from Latin c?sus (“event”) (English case), from cadere (“to fall”). Originally meaning “a chance event” (compare casual, as in “casual encounter”), it developed a negative meaning as “an unfortunate event”, especially the loss of a person.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?ka?(?)?lti/

Noun

casualty (countable and uncountable, plural casualties)

1. Something that happens by chance, especially an unfortunate event; an accident, a disaster.
   • 1756, Samuel Johnson, “The Life of Sir Thomas Browne” in Thomas Browne, Christian Morals, 2nd edition, London: J. Payne, p. xx,^[1]

     The course of his education was like that of others, such as put him little in the way of extraordinary casualties.

2. A person suffering from injuries or who has been killed due to an accident or through an act of violence.
3. (proscribed) Specifically, a person who has been killed (not only injured) due to an accident or through an act of violence; a fatality.
4. (military) A person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty, for any reason (notably death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion).
5. (Britain) The accident and emergency department of a hospital.
6. An incidental charge or payment.
7. Someone or something adversely affected by a decision, event or situation.
8. (obsolete) Chance nature; randomness.
   • , NYRB 2001, vol.1, p.327-8:

     The non-necessary [causes] follow; of which, saith Fuchsius, no art can be made, by reason of their uncertainty, casualty, and multitude […]

Usage notes

The term casualty is sometimes used to mean “a killed person”; in more careful use this is referred to as a fatality, and casualty instead means “killed or injured”.

Synonyms

• (something that happens by chance): fortune, luck; see also Thesaurus:luck
• (hospital's accident and emergency):
  • emergency / emergency room / emergency department / emergency ward / E. R./E.R./ER
  • casualty department / casualty ward
  • accident and emergency / A&E

Hyponyms

• fatality

Derived terms

• casualty department
• casualty event
• casualty ward

Related terms

• casual

Translations

References

• “casualty”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.

English

Etymology

From Middle French corrélationMorphologically correlate +? -ion

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /k????le???n/, /k????le???n/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /k????le???n/
• Rhymes: -e???n
• Hyphenation: cor?re?la?tion

Noun

correlation (countable and uncountable, plural correlations)

1. A reciprocal, parallel or complementary relationship between two or more comparable objects.
2. (statistics) One of the several measures of the linear statistical relationship between two random variables, indicating both the strength and direction of the relationship.
3. (algebra) An isomorphism from a projective space to the dual of a projective space, often to the dual of itself.

Derived terms

• autocorrelation
• correlation coefficient
• discorrelation
• Pearson correlation

Related terms

• correlate

Translations

Further reading

• correlation on Wikipedia.Wikipedia