different between castle vs burgrave
castle
English
Etymology
From Middle English castle, castel, from late Old English castel, castell (“a town, village, castle”), borrowed from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”), diminutive of Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”). Doublet of castell, castellum, and château. Parallel borrowings (from Late Latin or Old French) are Scots castel, castell (“castle”), West Frisian kastiel (“castle”), Dutch kasteel (“castle”), German Kastell (“castle”), Danish kastel (“citadel”), Swedish kastell (“citadel”), Icelandic kastali (“castle”), Welsh castell. The Middle English word was reinforced by Anglo-Norman/Old Northern French castel, itself from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”) (compare modern French château from Old French chastel). If Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”) is from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”), Latin casa (“cottage, hut”) is related. Possibly related also to Gothic ???????????????????? (h?þj?, “chamber”), Old English heaþor (“restraint, confinement, enclosure, prison”). See also casino, cassock.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käs'(?)l, IPA(key): /?k??s?l/, /k??sl?/
- Rhymes: -??s?l
- (US, Canada, Northern England) enPR: k?s'(?)l, IPA(key): /?kæs?l/, /kæsl?/
- Rhymes: -æs?l
Noun
castle (plural castles)
- A large building that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king.
- (chess) An instance of castling.
- (chess, informal) A rook; a chess piece shaped like a castle tower.
- (shogi) A defense structure in shogi formed by defensive pieces surrounding the king.
- (obsolete) A close helmet.
- (dated) Any strong, imposing, and stately mansion.
- (dated) A small tower, as on a ship, or an elephant's back.
- (cricket, colloquial) The wicket.
- 1966, Gurdeep Singh, Cricket in Northern India (page 59)
- Nay, he was quite an adept, and was very effective as a change bowler, for in no time he demolished the castle of any batsman.
- 1966, Gurdeep Singh, Cricket in Northern India (page 59)
Usage notes
For the chess piece, chess players prefer the term rook.
Synonyms
- (building): fortress
Hyponyms
- (building): keep, motte and bailey
Coordinate terms
- (building): castellan (overseer); castellate, castellany (domain); incastle, castellate, incastellate (to make into a castle); castellate, castellated, incastled, incastellated (castle-like)
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
See also
- Appendix:Chess pieces
Verb
castle (third-person singular simple present castles, present participle castling, simple past and past participle castled)
- (transitive) To house or keep in a castle.
- 1611, John Florio, Queen Anna's New World of Words, s.v. "Castellare":
- ...to encastle, to Castle.
- 1871, Robert Browning, "Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau, Saviour of Society", 116:
- ...Some fierce tribe, castled on the mountain-peak...
- 1611, John Florio, Queen Anna's New World of Words, s.v. "Castellare":
- (transitive, figuratively) To protect or separate in a similar way.
- 1655, William Gurnall, The Christian in Compleat Armour, 1st Pt., 32:
- Castle me in the armes of thy everlasting strength.
- 1655, William Gurnall, The Christian in Compleat Armour, 1st Pt., 32:
- (obsolete) To make into a castle: to build in the form of a castle or add (real or imitation) battlements to an existing building.
- c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, "The Parson's Tale":
- ...Bake metes and dish metes... peynted and castelled with papir...
- c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, "The Parson's Tale":
- (usually intransitive, chess) To move the king 2 squares right or left and, in the same turn, the nearest rook to the far side of the king. The move now has special rules: the king cannot be in, go through, or end in check; the squares between the king and rook must be vacant; and neither piece may have been moved before castling.
- 1656, Francis Beale translating Gioachino Greco as The Royall Game of Chesse-Play, Being the Study of Biochimo, p. 8:
- He [i.e., the king] may change (or Castle) with this Rooke, that is, he may goe two draughts at once towards this Rooke... causing the Rooke to stand next to him on either side.
- 1835, William Lewis, Chess for Beginners, Ch. 5, p. 24:
- No. 24. ¶ If your adversary make a false move, castle improperly, &c., you must take notice of such irregularity before you move, or even touch a piece, or you are no longer allowed to inflict any penalties.
- 1656, Francis Beale translating Gioachino Greco as The Royall Game of Chesse-Play, Being the Study of Biochimo, p. 8:
- (usually intransitive, shogi) To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.
- (cricket) To bowl a batsman with a full-length ball or yorker such that the stumps are knocked over.
- 2009, BBC Sport, "Lightning Bolt Blows Over Gayle":
- And the 23-year-old brought the crowd to their feet when he castled Gayle's stumps, signalling the direction of the pavilion to his friend for good measure.
- 2011, Firdose Moonda, ESPNcricinfo, "A Day for Missed Hat-tricks":
- He bowled Vinay with a full, straight ball that castled off stump and then dished up a yorker that RP Singh backed away to and sent onto his stumps.
- 2009, BBC Sport, "Lightning Bolt Blows Over Gayle":
Synonyms
- (to house in a castle): castellate, incastellate
- (to make into a castle): See fortify
Derived terms
- castle up, castle short, castle long
Translations
Anagrams
- CELTAs, Castel, cleats, eclats, sclate, éclats
Middle English
Noun
castle
- Alternative form of castel
castle From the web:
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burgrave
English
Alternative forms
- burgraf
- burggrave
Etymology
From German Burggraf, from Burg (“castle”) +? Graf (“count”). Compare Dutch burggraaf, French burgrave. See margrave.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?b????e?v/
- (US) IPA(key): /?b????e?v/
- Hyphenation: bur?grave
Noun
burgrave (plural burgraves)
- (historical) The military governor of a town or castle in the Middle Ages, especially in German-speaking Europe; a nobleman of the same status.
- One who holds a hereditary title, with an associated domain, descended from an ancestor who commanded a burg, especially in German-speaking Europe.
Translations
Portuguese
Noun
burgrave m (plural burgraves)
- (historical) burggrave (commander of a German burg)
burgrave From the web:
- what does margrave mean
- what is the meaning of margrave
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