different between cast vs mast
cast
English
Etymology
From Middle English casten, from Old Norse kasta (“to throw, cast, overturn”), from Proto-Germanic *kast?n? (“to throw, cast”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Scots cast (“to cast, throw”), Danish kaste (“to throw”), Swedish kasta (“to throw, cast, fling, toss, discard”), Icelandic kasta (“to pitch, toss”). In the sense of "flinging", displaced native warp.
The senses relating to broadcasting are based on that same term; compare -cast.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation): enPR: käst, IPA(key): /k??st/
- (Northern England): enPR: k?st, IPA(key): /kast/
- (General American): enPR: k?st, IPA(key): /kæst/
- Rhymes: -??st, -æst
- Homophones: caste, karst
Verb
cast (third-person singular simple present casts, present participle casting, simple past and past participle cast or (nonstandard) casted)
- (physical) To move, or be moved, away.
- (now somewhat literary) To throw. [from 13thc.]
- 1623, William Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona:
- Why then a Ladder quaintly made of Cords / To cast vp, with a paire of anchoring hookes, / Would serue to scale another Hero's towre […].
- 1760, Laurence Sterne, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, p.262:
- The more, an' please your honour, the pity, said the Corporal; in uttering which, he cast his spade into the wheelbarrow […].
- 1623, William Shakespeare, The Two Gentlemen of Verona:
- To throw forward (a fishing line, net etc.) into the sea. [from 14thc.]
- 1526, Bible, tr. William Tyndale, Matthew 4:
- As Jesus walked by the see off Galile, he sawe two brethren: Simon which was called Peter, and Andrew his brother, castynge a neet into the see (for they were fisshers) […].
- 1526, Bible, tr. William Tyndale, Matthew 4:
- To throw down or aside. [from 15thc.]
- 1611, Bible, Authorized Version, Matthew VI.30:
- it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
- 1930, "Sidar the Madman", Time, 19 Dec.:
- Near Puerto Limon, Costa Rica, Madman, co-pilot and plane were caught in a storm, cast into the Caribbean, drowned.
- 2009, Hilary Mantel, Wolf Hall, Fourth Estate, 2010, p.316:
- Her bow is not to her liking. In a temper, she casts it on the grass.
- 1611, Bible, Authorized Version, Matthew VI.30:
- (of an animal) To throw off (the skin) as a process of growth; to shed the hair or fur of the coat. [from 15thc.]
- To cause (a horse or other large animal) to lie down with its legs underneath it.
- (obsolete except in set phrases) To remove, take off (clothes). [from 14thc.]
- 1822, "Life of Donald McBane", Blackwood's Magazine, vol.12, p.745:
- when the serjeant saw me, he cast his coat and put it on me, and they carried me on their shoulders to a village where the wounded were and our surgeons […].
- 2002, Jess Cartner-Morley, "How to Wear Clothes", The Guardian, 2 March:
- You know the saying, "Ne'er cast a clout till May is out"? Well, personally, I'm bored of my winter clothes by March.
- 1822, "Life of Donald McBane", Blackwood's Magazine, vol.12, p.745:
- (nautical) To heave the lead and line in order to ascertain the depth of water.
- (obsolete) To vomit.
- These verses […] make me ready to cast.
- (archaic) To throw up, as a mound, or rampart.
- Thine enemies shall cast a trench [bank] about thee.
- (archaic) To throw out or emit; to exhale.
- 1695 (first published), 1726 (final dated of publication) John Woodward, An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies
- This […] casts a sulphurous smell.
- 1695 (first published), 1726 (final dated of publication) John Woodward, An Essay toward a Natural History of the Earth and Terrestrial Bodies
- 1849, Philip Henry Gosse, Natural History
- This horned bird, as it casts a strong smell, so it hath a foul look, much exceeding the European Raven in bigness
- (now somewhat literary) To throw. [from 13thc.]
- To direct (one's eyes, gaze etc.). [from 13thc.]
- 1595, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3:
- To whom do Lyons cast their gentle Lookes? Not to the Beast, that would vsurpe their Den.
- 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, I.11:
- She then yawned again, threw aside her book, and cast her eyes round the room in quest of some amusement […].
- 1595, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 3:
- (dated) To add up (a column of figures, accounts etc.); cross-cast refers to adding up a row of figures. [from 14thc.]
- 1594, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 2:
- The Clearke of Chartam: hee can write and / reade, and cast accompt.
- 1719, Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe
- I cast up the notches on my post, and found I had been on shore three hundred and sixty-five days.
- 1594, William Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 2:
- (social) To predict, to decide, to plan.
- (astrology) To calculate the astrological value of (a horoscope, birth etc.). [from 14thc.]
- , vol.1, New York Review of Books, 2001, p.309:
- he is […] a perfect astrologer, that can cast the rise and fall of others, and mark their errant motions to his own use.
- 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, 2012, p.332:
- John Gadbury confessed that Mrs Cellier, ‘the Popish Midwife’, had asked him to cast the King's nativity, although the astrology claimed to have refused to do so.
- 1985, Lawrence Durrell, Quinx, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), p.1197:
- He did the washing up and stayed behind to watch the dinner cook while she hopped off with a friend to have her horoscope cast by another friend.
- , vol.1, New York Review of Books, 2001, p.309:
- (obsolete) To plan, intend. [14th-19thc.]
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.i:
- I wrapt my selfe in Palmers weed, / And cast to seeke him forth through daunger and great dreed.
- 1685, William Temple, "Upon the Gardens of Epicurus
- The cloister […] had, I doubt not, been cast for [an orange-house].
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.i:
- (transitive) To assign (a role in a play or performance). [from 18thc.]
- (transitive) To assign a role in a play or performance to (an actor).
- To consider; to turn or revolve in the mind; to plan.
- She […] cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.
- (archaic) To impose; to bestow; to rest.
- Cast thy burden upon the Lord.
- (archaic) To defeat in a lawsuit; to decide against; to convict.
- 1822, John Galt, The Provost
- She was cast to be hanged.
- 1667, Richard Allestree, The Causes of the Decay of Christian Piety
- Were the case referred to any competent judge, […] they would inevitably be cast.
- 1822, John Galt, The Provost
- To turn (the balance or scale); to overbalance; hence, to make preponderate; to decide.
- 24 July, 1659, Robert South, Interest Deposed, and Truth Restored
- How much interest casts the balance in cases dubious!
- 24 July, 1659, Robert South, Interest Deposed, and Truth Restored
- (astrology) To calculate the astrological value of (a horoscope, birth etc.). [from 14thc.]
- To perform, bring forth (a magical spell or enchantment).
- To throw (light etc.) on or upon something, or in a given direction.
- 1950, "A Global View", Time, 24 April:
- The threat of Russian barbarism sweeping over the free world will cast its ominous shadow over us for many, many years.
- 1960, Lawrence Durrell, Clea:
- A sudden thought cast a gloom over his countenance.
- 1950, "A Global View", Time, 24 April:
- (archaic) To give birth to (a child) prematurely; to miscarry. [from 15thc.]
- , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.98:
- being with childe, they may without feare of accusation, spoyle and cast [transl. avorter] their children, with certaine medicaments, which they have only for that purpose.
- 1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, V.20:
- The abortion of a woman they describe by an horse kicking a wolf; because a mare will cast her foal if she tread in the track of that animal.
- , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.98:
- To shape (molten metal etc.) by pouring into a mould; to make (an object) in such a way. [from 15thc.]
- 1923, "Rodin's Death", Time, 24 March:
- One copy of the magnificent caveman, The Thinker, of which Rodin cast several examples in bronze, is seated now in front of the Detroit Museum of Art, where it was placed last autumn.
- (printing, dated) To stereotype or electrotype.
- 1923, "Rodin's Death", Time, 24 March:
- To twist or warp (of fabric, timber etc.). [from 16thc.]
- c. 1680, Joseph Moxon, The Art of Joinery
- Stuff is said to cast or warp when […] it alters its flatness or straightness.
- c. 1680, Joseph Moxon, The Art of Joinery
- (nautical) To bring the bows of a sailing ship on to the required tack just as the anchor is weighed by use of the headsail; to bring (a ship) round. [from 18thc.]
- To deposit (a ballot or voting paper); to formally register (one's vote). [from 19thc.]
- (computing) To change a variable type from, for example, integer to real, or integer to text. [from 20thc.]
- (hunting) Of dogs, hunters: to spread out and search for a scent. [from 18thc.]
- 1955, William Golding, The Inheritors, Faber and Faber, 2005, p.50:
- He clambered on to an apron of rock that held its area out to the sun and began to cast across it. The direction of the wind changed and the scent touched him again.
- 1955, William Golding, The Inheritors, Faber and Faber, 2005, p.50:
- (medicine) To set (a bone etc.) in a cast.
- (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (Wicca) To open a circle in order to begin a spell or meeting of witches.
- (media) To broadcast.
Conjugation
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
Noun
cast (plural casts)
- An act of throwing.
- (fishing) An instance of throwing out a fishing line.
- Something which has been thrown, dispersed etc.
- a cast of scatter'd dust
- A small mass of earth "thrown off" or excreted by a worm.
- The collective group of actors performing a play or production together. Contrasted with crew.
- He’s in the cast of Oliver.
- The cast was praised for a fine performance.
- The casting procedure.
- The men got into position for the cast, two at the ladle, two with long rods, all with heavy clothing.
- An object made in a mould.
- The cast would need a great deal of machining to become a recognizable finished part.
- A supportive and immobilising device used to help mend broken bones.
- The doctor put a cast on the boy’s broken arm.
- The mould used to make cast objects.
- A plaster cast was made from his face.
- (hawking) The number of hawks (or occasionally other birds) cast off at one time; a pair.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.7:
- As when a cast of Faulcons make their flight / An an Herneshaw, that lyes aloft on wing […].
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, VI.7:
- A squint.
- 1847, John Churchill, A manual of the principles and practice of ophthalmic medicine and surgery, p. 389, paragraph 1968:
- The image of the affected eye is clearer and in consequence the diplopy more striking the less the cast of the eye; hence the double vision will be noticed by the patient before the misdirection of the eye attracts the attention of those about him.
- 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin 2012, p. 7:
- Arriving in Brittany, the Woodville exiles found a sallow young man, with dark hair curled in the shoulder-length fashion of the time and a penchant for expensively dyed black clothes, whose steady gaze was made more disconcerting by a cast in his left eye – such that while one eye looked at you, the other searched for you.
- 1847, John Churchill, A manual of the principles and practice of ophthalmic medicine and surgery, p. 389, paragraph 1968:
- Visual appearance.
- Her features had a delicate cast to them.
- The form of one's thoughts, mind etc.
- a cast of mind, a mental tendency.
- 1894, Wilson Lloyd Bevan, Sir William Petty : A Study in English Economic Literature, p. 40:
- The cast of mind which prompted the plan was permanent, and in it are to be found both the strength and the weakness of Petty's character.
- 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial 2007, p. 330:
- I have read all her articles and come to admire both her elegant turn of phrase and the noble cast of mind which inspires it; but never, I confess, did I look to see beauty and wit so perfectly united.
- An animal, especially a horse, that is unable to rise without assistance.
- Animal and insect remains which have been regurgitated by a bird.
- A group of crabs.
- A broadcast.
Derived terms
- castless
- plaster cast
Translations
Further reading
- cast at OneLook Dictionary Search
- cast in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Anagrams
- ACTs, ATCs, ATSC, Acts, CATs, CTAs, Cats, STCA, TACS, TCAS, TCAs, TSCA, acts, cats, scat
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin castus, possibly borrowed or semi-learned.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /?kast/
Adjective
cast (feminine casta, masculine plural casts or castos, feminine plural castes)
- chaste
Related terms
- castedat
Further reading
- “cast” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [k??st]
- Hyphenation: cast
Etymology 1
Borrowed from English cast.
Noun
cast m (plural casts, diminutive castje n)
- cast (people performing a movie or play)
Synonyms
- rolbezetting
- rolverdeling
Related terms
- casten
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
cast
- first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of casten
- imperative of casten
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English cast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?kast/
- Hyphenation: càst
Noun
cast m (invariable)
- cast (group of actors performing together)
Manx
Adjective
cast
- contorted, curly, curved
- complex, intricate, many-sided
- ticklish
Mutation
Derived terms
- castid
- castys
- neuchast
- yl-chast
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin castus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kast/
Adjective
cast m or n (feminine singular cast?, masculine plural ca?ti, feminine and neuter plural caste)
- chaste, clean, pure
Declension
Synonyms
- pur
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?kast/, [?kast?]
Noun
cast m (plural casts)
- cast (group of actors)
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mast
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: mäst, IPA(key): /m??st/
- (US, Canada, Northern England) IPA(key): /mæst/
- Homophone: massed (/mæst/)
- Rhymes: -??st, -æst
- Rhymes: -æst
Etymology 1
From Middle English mast, from Old English mæst (“mast”), from Proto-Germanic *mastaz (“mast, sail-pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *mazdos (“pole, mast”). Cognate with Dutch mast, German Mast, and via Indo-European with Latin m?lus, Russian ????? (móst, “bridge”), Irish adhmad.
Noun
mast (plural masts)
- (nautical, communication) A tall, slim post or tower, usually tapering upward, used to support, for example, sails on a ship, flags, floodlights, meteorological instruments, or communications equipment, such as an aerial, usually supported by guy-wires. [from 9th c.]
- (naval) A non-judicial punishment ("NJP"); a disciplinary hearing under which a commanding officer studies and disposes of cases involving those under his command. [from 17th c.]
Hyponyms
- (tall, slim post to support the sails on a ship): foremast, mainmast, mizzenmast, topmast
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)
- To supply and fit a mast to (a ship). [from 16th c.]
Translations
See also
Etymology 2
From Old English mæst (“fallen nuts, food for swine”), mæsten (“to fatten, feed”), from West Germanic; probably related to meat.
Noun
mast (plural masts)
- The fruit of forest-trees (beech, oak, chestnut, pecan, etc.), especially if having fallen from the tree, used as fodder for pigs and other animals. [from 10th c.]
- c. 1609, George Chapman, Homer, Prince of Poets [translation of Odyssey]:
- She shut them straight in sties, and gave them meat: / Oak-mast, and beech, and cornel fruit, they eat,
- 1715, Robert South, "A Sermon upon Prov. i.32", Twelve sermons preached at several times, and upon several occasions, page 73:
- they feed and grovel like Swine under an Oak, filling themselves with the Mast, but never so much as looking up
- 1955, Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate 2012, page 162:
- He […] would begin to pick up the seed-cases or mast, squeeze each one with his fingers to see if it were fertile, and drop it if it were not.
- c. 1609, George Chapman, Homer, Prince of Poets [translation of Odyssey]:
Derived terms
- mastless
Translations
Verb
mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)
- (of swine and other animals) To feed on forest seed or fruit.
- (agriculture, forestry, ecology, of a population of plants) To produce a very large quantity of fruit or seed in certain years but not others.
Etymology 3
From French masse, with -t probably after Etymology 1, above.
Noun
mast (plural masts)
- (obsolete, billiards) A type of heavy cue, with the broad end of which one strikes the ball. [18th–19th c.]
- 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol. II, ch. 74:
- Godfrey thus conquered, pretended to lose his temper, curs'd his own ill luck, swore that the table had a cast, and that the balls did not run true, changed his mast, and with great warmth challenged his enemy to double his sum.
- 1751, Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, vol. II, ch. 74:
Related terms
- mast cell
Anagrams
- AMTs, ASTM, ATMs, MTAs, Mats, Stam, amts, mats, stam, tams
Czech
Etymology
From Old Czech mast, from Proto-Slavic *mast?.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?mast]
- Hyphenation: mast
- Rhymes: -ast
Noun
mast f
- ointment
Declension
Derived terms
- masti?ka f
Related terms
- mastit
- mastný
- mastnota
Further reading
- mast in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
- mast in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /m?st/
- Hyphenation: mast
- Rhymes: -?st
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch mast, from Old Dutch *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz.
Noun
mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)
- mast (pole on a ship, to which sails can be rigged)
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: mas
- ? Japanese: ???
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch mast.
Noun
mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)
- mast, fodder for pigs or other animals made up of acorns and beechnuts.
Anagrams
- stam, tams
Estonian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?m?s?t/
Etymology
From either Middle Low German mast or German Mast.
Noun
mast (genitive masti, partitive masti)
- mast
- (card games) suit
- (poker) flush
Declension
Compounds
- mastirida
Descendants
- ? Ingrian: masti
Middle English
Adjective
mast
- Alternative form of mased
Middle French
Etymology
Old French mast
Noun
mast m (plural masts)
- mast (structure found on watercraft)
Descendants
- French: mât
Northern Kurdish
Noun
mast m
- yoghurt
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Middle Low German mast (“mast”).
Noun
mast f or m (definite singular masta or masten, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)
- mast
Synonyms
- stang
Derived terms
- fokkemast
- stormast
- radiomast
- lysmast
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
- masa, maset
Verb
mast
- past participle of mase
References
- “mast” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
- master (non-standard since 2012)
Etymology
From Middle Low German mast.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /m?st/ (example of pronunciation)
Noun
mast f (definite singular masta, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)
- mast
References
- “mast” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Czech
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mast?.
Noun
mast f
- ointment
Declension
Related terms
- mazati
- mastný
- mastnost
Descendants
- Czech: mast
Further reading
- “mast”, in Vokabulá? webový: webové hnízdo pramen? k poznání historické ?eštiny [online]?[1], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk ?eský AV ?R, 2006–2020
Old French
Alternative forms
- maste
Etymology
Borrowed from Frankish *mast.
Noun
mast m (oblique plural maz or matz, nominative singular maz or matz, nominative plural mast)
- mast (structure found on watercraft)
Descendants
- Middle French: mast
- French: mât
- Norman: mât
- ? Spanish: maste
- ? Spanish: mástel (spelling influenced by árbol)
- ? Spanish: mástil
- ? Spanish: mástel (spelling influenced by árbol)
- ? Old Portuguese: masto, maste
- Portuguese: mastro, (archaic) masto
- ? Portuguese: mastaréu
- Portuguese: mastro, (archaic) masto
Old Frisian
Alternative forms
- m?st
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *maist, *maistaz. Cognates include Old English m?st and Old Saxon m?st.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ma?st/
Adjective
m?st
- superlative degree of gr?t
Adverb
m?st
- most
Descendants
- Saterland Frisian: maast
- West Frisian: meast
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, ?ISBN, page 28
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *mast? (Russian ????? (mast?), Polish ma??). Compare mazati.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mâ?st/
Noun
m?st f (Cyrillic spelling ?????)
- grease
- ointment
- fat
- lard
- schmaltz
Declension
References
- “mast” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal
Swedish
Etymology
From Middle Low German mast, from Old Saxon *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast.
Noun
mast c
- mast, tall slim structure
Declension
Anagrams
- Mats, mats, samt, stam
Zazaki
Noun
mast n
- yoghurt (a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process)
Synonyms
- most
- mhost
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