different between carceral vs incarcerate

English

Etymology

From Late Latin carcer?lis (“carceral”), from Latin carcer (“jail, prison”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”)) + -?lis (“suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?k??s???l/, /?k??s?l?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?k??s???l/, /?k??s?l?/
• Hyphenation: car?cer?al, carce?ral

Adjective

carceral (not comparable)

1. (formal or literary) Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison. [from late 16th c.]

Coordinate terms

• penal, penitentiary (“of or relating to the punishment of criminals”)

Derived terms

• carcerality
• carcerally

Related terms

Translations

References

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin incarceratus, past participle of incarcerare (“to imprison”), from Latin in (“in”) + carcer (“a prison”), meaning "put behind lines (bars)" – Latin root is of a lattice or grid. Related to cancel (“cross out with lines”) and chancel (“area behind a lattice”).

See also carcerate and cancer.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?n?k??.s???e?t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?n?k??.s???e?t/

Verb

incarcerate (third-person singular simple present incarcerates, present participle incarcerating, simple past and past participle incarcerated)

1. To lock away; to imprison, especially for breaking the law.
   • 2013 September 23, Masha Gessen, "Life in a Russian Prison," New York Times (retrieved 24 September 2013):

     Tolokonnikova has also been an effective public speaker even while incarcerated, but she has spoken out on politics and freedom in general rather than prisoners’ rights.

2. To confine; to shut up or enclose; to hem in.

Usage notes

As a Latinate term, somewhat formal, compared to imprison.

Synonyms

• imprison
• jail

Derived terms

• incarceration

Related terms

• carceral
• carcerate
• decarcerate

Translations

Further reading

• incarcerate in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• incarcerate in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Italian

Verb

incarcerate

1. second-person plural present of incarcerare
2. second-person plural imperative of incarcerare
3. feminine plural past participle of incarcerare

Anagrams

• accentrerai