different between caliph vs sultan
caliph
English
Alternative forms
- calif, kalif, kaliph, khalif, khalifa
Etymology
From Middle English calife, caliphe, from Old French caliphe, from Medieval Latin calipha, from Arabic ????????? (?al?fa, “caliph”) and ??????? (?al?f, “successor”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ke??l?f/, /?kæl?f/
Noun
caliph (plural caliphs)
- The political leader of the Muslim world; the successor of the prophet Muhammad's political authority.
Derived terms
Translations
Anagrams
- chapli, haplic
caliph From the web:
- what caliphate means
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- what caliphate followed the umayyad caliphate
- what is caliphate definition
- what is an example of a caliphate
sultan
English
Etymology
From French sultan, from Ottoman Turkish ?????? (sultan), from Arabic ????????? (sul??n), from Aramaic ??????? (šul??n?, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”) (compare Hebrew ?????????? (shiltón) and Hebrew ????????? (sultán)). Doublet of soldan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?s?lt?n/
- Hyphenation: sul?tan
- Rhymes: -?lt?n
Noun
sultan (plural sultans or (rare) salateen)
- (historical) The holder of a secular office, formally subordinate to, but de facto the power behind the throne of, the caliph.
- A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Indonesia and in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire.
- (card games) A variant of solitaire, played with two decks of cards.
- A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken)
Derived terms
- sultana
- sultanate
Translations
See also
- sultana bird
References
Anagrams
- Naults, unlast
Azerbaijani
Alternative forms
- soltan
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n).
Noun
sultan (definite accusative sultan?, plural sultanlar)
- sultan
Declension
Further reading
- “sultan” in Obastan.com.
Danish
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n)
Noun
sultan c (singular definite sultanen, plural indefinite sultaner)
- sultan (ruler)
Declension
References
- “sultan” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
Etymology
From Turkish sultan, from Arabic ????????? (sul??n), from Aramaic ??????? (šul??n?, “strength, authority”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?s?l.t?n/
- Hyphenation: sul?tan
Noun
sultan m (plural sultans, feminine sultane)
- sultan, a Muslim ruler title
- a certain pastry
Derived terms
- sultana f
- sultanaat n
- sultane f
- sultanshoen n
References
- M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
Estonian
Noun
sultan (genitive sultani, partitive sultanit)
- sultan (ruler)
Declension
Derived terms
- sultaniriik
Related terms
- sultanaat
Further reading
- sultan in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat
- sultan” in Sõnaveeb
French
Etymology
From Middle French sultan (“ruler of a Muslim state”), from Ottoman Turkish ??????. See English sultan for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /syl.t??/
Noun
sultan m (plural sultans)
- A sultan: a Muslim ruler with a certain title.
- A silk-ornamented basket.
- A perfume sachet to put in a linen coffer.
Synonyms
- soudan
Descendants
- ? Faroese: sultánur
- ? Portuguese: sultão
References
- Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition
Further reading
- “sultan” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Icelandic
Noun
sultan
- definite nominative singular of sulta
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay sultan, from Arabic ????????? (sul??n), from Aramaic ??????? (šul??n?, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?s?ltan]
- Hyphenation: sul?tan
Noun
sultan (first-person possessive sultanku, second-person possessive sultanmu, third-person possessive sultannya)
- sultan
- Synonyms: baginda, raja
Derived terms
Further reading
- “sultan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n), from Aramaic ??????? (šul??n?, “strength, authority, ruler, prince”).
Noun
sultan (Jawi spelling ??????, plural sultan-sultan, informal 1st possessive sultanku, impolite 2nd possessive sultanmu, 3rd possessive sultannya)
- sultan (ruler)
Derived terms
- kesultanan
Descendants
- Indonesian: sultan
- ? Min Nan: ?? (sú-tan)
Further reading
- “sultan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maltese
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sul?ta?n/
Noun
sultan m (plural slaten, feminine sultana)
- (dated, historical or figuratively) king, monarch, ruler
- Synonym: re
Usage notes
- The word is rare for the kings of modern internationally recognised states, but is otherwise still used in a broader or historical sense. Compare the same in saltna versus renju.
Related terms
- saltna
Middle French
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ?????? (or an Old Anatolian Turkish ancestor) or directly from Arabic ????????? (sul??n).
Noun
sultan m (plural sultans)
- sultan (ruler of a Muslim state)
Descendants
- French: sultan
- ? Faroese: sultánur
- ? Portuguese: sultão
- ? English: sultan
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n)
Noun
sultan m (definite singular sultanen, indefinite plural sultaner, definite plural sultanene)
- sultan (ruler)
References
- “sultan” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n)
Noun
sultan m (definite singular sultanen, indefinite plural sultanar, definite plural sultanane)
- sultan (ruler)
References
- “sultan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Piedmontese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /syl?ta?/
Noun
sultan m
- sultan (ruler)
Romanian
Etymology
From Turkish sultan, from Arabic ????????? (sul??n).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sul?tan/
Noun
sultan m (plural sultani)
- sultan
Declension
Derived terms
- sultan?
- sult?nesc
Further reading
- sultan in DEX online - Dic?ionare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ?????? (compare Turkish sultan), from Arabic ?????? (sul??n).
Noun
sùlt?n m (Cyrillic spelling ????????)
- sultan
Declension
Slovene
Noun
sultan m ?
- sultan (ruler)
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
- “sultan”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Swedish
Etymology
From Arabic ????????? (sul??n)
Noun
sultan c
- sultan (ruler)
Declension
Further reading
- sultan in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (13th ed., online)
Anagrams
- anslut, lustan, lutans, slutna
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sultan/
- Hyphenation: sul?tan
Etymology
From Malay sultan, ultimately from Arabic ????????? (sul??n).
Noun
sultan (feminine sultana)
- a male monarch or ruler of islamic sultanates
- (historical) The ruler of the Islamicized sultanate polities of the Philippines. A notable example is the Sultanate of Sulu.
- Synonyms: sultana, hari, raha, raja, ladya, lakan, datu, dayang, reyna
See also
- hari
- sultana
- sultanato
- Gat
- dayang
- poon
- Panginoon
Tausug
Noun
sultan
- sultan (Muslim king)
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ?????? (sultân), from Arabic ????????? (sul??n), from Aramaic ??????? (šul??n?, “strength, authority”) (compare Hebrew ?????????? (shiltón)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /su??ta?n/
Noun
sultan (definite accusative sultan?, plural sultanlar)
- A monarchic title for Sunni Muslim monarchs.
- A noble title for monarch's mother, wifes and children.
- A honorific title for Bektashi saints.
- A breed of chicken originating in Turkey, kept primarily in gardens for ornamental reasons. See: sultan (chicken)
Declension
Derived terms
Yakan
Noun
sultan
- sultan (Muslim king)
sultan From the web:
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- what sultan mean
- what sultanas
- what sultan of sokoto said about ramadan
- what sultan do
- what's sultans of swing about
- what sultanate period
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