different between calculous vs gravel

English

Adjective

calculous (comparative more calculous, superlative most calculous)

1. (pathology) Of, pertaining to or containing calculi

Synonyms

• calculary

English

Etymology

From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *gr?w? (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *g?roh?weh?, from *g?reh?w- (“to grind”). Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???æv?l/
• Rhymes: -æv?l

Noun

gravel (usually uncountable, plural gravels)

1. (uncountable) Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast.
2. A type or grade of small rocks, differentiated by mineral type, size range, or other characteristics.
3. (uncountable, geology) A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale.

   Coordinate terms: (>256 mm) boulder, (64–256 mm) cobble, (62.5 ?m – 2 mm) sand, (3.9–62.5 ?m) silt, (0.98–3.9 ?m) clay, (0.95–977 nm) colloid

4. (uncountable, archaic) Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom.

Synonyms

• (small stones or pebbles): chisel/chessil
• (calculus deposit): stones, gallstones

Derived terms

• gravel pit
• gravel road
• pea gravel

Translations

See also

• alluvium

Verb

gravel (third-person singular simple present gravels, present participle gravelling or graveling, simple past and past participle gravelled or graveled)

1. (transitive) To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc.
2. To puzzle or annoy.
3. To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand.
   • 1605, William Camden, “Grave Speeches and wittie Apothegms of worthy Personages of this Realm in former times,” in Remaines Concerning Britain, London: Simon Miller, sixth impression, 1657, p. 243, ^[3]

     William Conqerour when he invaded this Iland, chanced at his arrival to be gravelled, and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand, that he fell to the ground.

4. To check or stop; to embarrass; to perplex.
   • 1579, Sir Thomas North, tr., Plutarch's Lives, The Life of Marcus Antonius:

     The physician was so gravelled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say.

   • 1598, Shakespeare, As You Like It, Act IV:

     When you were gravelled for lack of matter.

   • 1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier, Ch. VIII:

     […] I arrived at a spot where I was completely gravelled, and could go no farther one way or the other; […]

5. To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot.

Usage notes

• In North American English, the forms graveled and graveling are more common.

Translations

Anagrams

• glaver

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English gravel.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: gra?vel

Noun

gravel m or n (uncountable)

1. clay court (surface for playing tennis)