different between burden vs clog

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English burden, birden, burthen, birthen, byrthen, from Old English byrden, byrþen, from Proto-West Germanic *burþini, from *burþ?, from Proto-Germanic *burþ??, from Proto-Indo-European *b?er- (“to carry, bear”).

Alternative forms

• burthen (archaic)

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b??dn/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?b?dn/
• Rhymes: -??(?)d?n

Noun

burden (plural burdens)

1. A heavy load.
   • 1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 4

     There were four or five men in the vault already, and I could hear more coming down the passage, and guessed from their heavy footsteps that they were carrying burdens.

2. A responsibility, onus.
3. A cause of worry; that which is grievous, wearisome, or oppressive.
   • c. 1710-1730, Jonathan Swift, The Dean's Complaint Translated and Answered

     Deaf, giddy, helpless, left alone, / To all my friends a burden grown.

4. The capacity of a vessel, or the weight of cargo that she will carry.

   a ship of a hundred tons burden

5. (mining) The tops or heads of stream-work which lie over the stream of tin.
6. (metalworking) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace.
7. A fixed quantity of certain commodities.

8. (obsolete, rare) A birth.

   […] that bore thee at a burden two fair sons.

9. (medicine) The total amount of toxins, parasites, cancer cells, plaque or similar present in an organism.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

burden (third-person singular simple present burdens, present participle burdening, simple past and past participle burdened)

1. (transitive) To encumber with a literal or figurative burden.
2. (transitive) To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place as a burden (something heavy or objectionable).

Derived terms

• burden basket
• burdensome
• beast of burden

Translations

Etymology 2

From Old French bordon. See bourdon.

Noun

burden (plural burdens)

2. (music) A phrase or theme that recurs at the end of each verse in a folk song or ballad.
   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 1 scene 2

     Foot it featly here and there; / And, sweet sprites, the burden bear.

   • 1846, Edgar Allan Poe, The Philosophy of Composition

     As commonly used, the refrain, or burden, not only is limited to lyric verse, but depends for its impression upon the force of monotone - both in sound and thought.

3. The drone of a bagpipe.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ruddiman to this entry?)

4. Theme, core idea.

References

Anagrams

• bunder, burned, unbred

Middle English

Etymology 1

From bord +? -en (“adjectival ending”)

Adjective

burden

1. Alternative form of borden

Etymology 2

From burde +? -en (“plural ending”)

Noun

burden

1. plural of burde

West Frisian

Noun

burden

1. plural of burd

English

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps from Middle English clog (“weight attached to the leg of an animal to impede movement”). Perhaps of North Germanic origin; compare Old Norse klugu, klogo (“knotty tree log”), Dutch klomp.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /kl??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /kl??/, /kl??/

• Rhymes: -??

Noun

clog (plural clogs)

1. A type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole sometimes with an open heel.
   • 2002, Alice Sebold, The Lovely Bones, Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press, Chapter 5, p. 92,^[1]

     She stomped up the stairs. Her clogs slammed against the pine boards of the staircase and shook the house.

2. A blockage.

3. (Britain, colloquial) A shoe of any type.
4. A weight, such as a log or block of wood, attached to a person or animal to hinder motion.
   • 1855, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Letters” in Maud, and Other Poems, London: Edward Moxon, p. 115,^[2]

     A clog of lead was round my feet / A band of pain across my brow;

5. That which hinders or impedes motion; an encumbrance, restraint, or impediment of any kind.
   • 1777, Edmund Burke, A Letter from Edmund Burke: Esq; one of the representatives in Parliament for the city of Bristol, to John Farr and John Harris, Esqrs. sheriffs of that city, on the Affairs of America, London: J. Dodsley, p. 8,^[3]

     All the ancient, honest, juridical principles and institutions of England, are so many clogs to check and retard the headlong course of violence and oppression.

Derived terms

• clever clogs
• clog dance
• clogless
• cloglike
• clogs to clogs in three generations
• pop one's clogs
• shot-clog

Translations

Verb

clog (third-person singular simple present clogs, present participle clogging, simple past and past participle clogged)

1. To block or slow passage through (often with 'up').

2. To encumber or load, especially with something that impedes motion; to hamper.
3. To burden; to trammel; to embarrass; to perplex.

   • The commodities […] are clogged with impositions.
4. (law) To enforce a mortgage lender right that prevents a borrower from exercising a right to redeem.
   • 1973, Humble Oil & Refining Co. v. Doerr, 123 N.J. Super. 530, 544, 303 A.2d 898.

     For centuries it has been the rule that a mortgagor’s equity of redemption cannot be clogged and that he cannot, as a part of the original mortgage transaction, cut off or surrender his right to redeem. Any agreement which does so is void and unenforceable ^[sic] as against public policy.

5. (intransitive) To perform a clog dance.

Derived terms

• anticlog
• cloggable
• cloggy
• clog up
• declog
• nonclogging
• unclog
• uncloggable

Translations

References

Anagrams

• G-LOC

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cloc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kl???/

Noun

clog m (genitive singular cloig, nominative plural cloig)

1. bell
2. clock
3. blowball, clock (of dandelion)
4. blister

Declension

• Alternative plural: cloganna (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

Verb

clog (present analytic clogann, future analytic clogfaidh, verbal noun clogadh, past participle clogtha)

1. (intransitive) ring a bell
2. (transitive) stun with noise
3. (intransitive) blister

Conjugation

Mutation

References

• "clog" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• “clog” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 150.
• “clogaim” in Foclóir Gae?ilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 151.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “cloc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *klog, from Proto-Celtic *kluk?. Cognate with Irish cloch, Scottish Gaelic clach.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klo??/

Noun

clog f (plural clogau)

1. cliff, rockface

Related terms

• clegyr (“rock, crag”)

Mutation