different between bruise vs broke

English

Alternative forms

• bruize (obsolete)
• brise (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *b?rews- (“to break”):

• Old English br?san, br?esan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijan?, *br?sijan? (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense.
• Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form.

Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic ???????? (br?snuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) enPR: bro?oz, IPA^(key): /b?u?z/
• Homophone: brews
• Rhymes: -u?z

Verb

bruise (third-person singular simple present bruises, present participle bruising, simple past and past participle bruised)

1. (transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it.
2. (transitive) To damage the skin of (fruit or vegetables), in an analogous way.
3. (intransitive) Of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises through being handled roughly.

   Bananas bruise easily.

4. (intransitive) To become bruised.

   I bruise easily.

5. (intransitive) To fight with the fists; to box.

   • Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom.

6. (transitive) To impair (gin) by shaking rather than stirring.

Derived terms

• bruiser
• bruising

Translations

Noun

bruise (plural bruises)

1. A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.
2. A dark mark on fruit or vegetables caused by a blow to the surface.

Synonyms

• (medical): ecchymosis, contusion (technical term)
• See also Thesaurus:injury

Translations

Anagrams

• Uribes, buries, busier, rubies

Dutch

Verb

bruise

1. (archaic) singular present subjunctive of bruisen

Irish

Noun

bruise f sg

1. genitive singular of bruis (“brush; pubic hair”)

Mutation

References

• "bruise" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: br?k, IPA^(key): /b???k/
• (General American) enPR: br?k, IPA^(key): /b?o?k/
• Rhymes: -??k

Etymology 1

Ablauted form of break.

Verb

broke

1. simple past tense of break
2. (archaic, nonstandard or poetic) past participle of break
   • 1999 October 3, J. Stewart Burns, "Mars University", Futurama, season 2, episode 2, Fox Broadcasting Company

     Guenther: I guess the hat must have broke my fall.

Adjective

broke (not generally comparable, comparative broker or more broke, superlative brokest or most broke)

1. (informal) Financially ruined, bankrupt.
   • 1665 July 6, Samuel Pepys, Vol. VI, p. 150:

     It seems some of his Creditors have taken notice of it, and he was like to be broke yesterday in his absence.

2. (informal) Without any money, penniless.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:impoverished

3. (archaic, now informal) Broken.
   • 2011, Mike Major, Fran Devereux Smith, Ranch-Horse Versatility: A Winner's Guide to Successful Rides

     A broke horse tries to do anything I want, and that is expected of any horse.

4. (nautical) Demoted, deprived of a commission.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English broce, from Old English gebroc (“fragment”), from brecan (“to break”). Compare broken, past participle of break. Compare also Scots brock (“a scrap of meat or bread”).

Noun

broke (plural brokes)

1. (papermaking) Paper or board that is discarded and repulped during the manufacturing process.
   • 1914, The World's Paper Trade Review, Volume 62, page 204:

     Presumably, most of the brokes and waste were used up in this manner, and during the manufacture of the coarse stuff little or no attention was paid to either cleanliness or colour.

   • 2014 September 25, Judge Diane Wood, NCR Corp. v. George A. Whiting Paper Co.:

     These mills purchase broke from other paper mills through middlemen and use it to make paper.

2. (obsolete) A fragment, remains, a piece broken off.

References

Etymology 3

Back-formation from broker.

Verb

broke (third-person singular simple present brokes, present participle broking, simple past and past participle broked)

1. To act as a broker; to transact business for another.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Broome to this entry?)
2. (obsolete) To act as procurer in love matters; to pimp.
   • And brokes with all that can in such a suit / Corrupt the tender honour of a maid.

Etymology 4

Clipping of broke off.

Adjective

broke (comparative more broke, superlative most broke)

1. (slang) Broke off, rich, wealthy

Anagrams

• Borek, Kober, berko, borek