different between brace vs harden
brace
English
Etymology
From Middle English brace, from Old French brace (“arm”), from Latin bracchia, the nominative and accusative plural of bracchium (“arm”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /b?e?s/
- Rhymes: -e?s
Noun
brace (plural braces)
- (obsolete) Armor for the arm; vambrace.
- (obsolete) A measurement of length, originally representing a person's outstretched arms.
- A curved instrument or handle of iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock.
- That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.
- A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or maintaining tension.
- A thong used to regulate the tension of a drum.
- 1713, William Derham, Physico-Theology
- The little bones of the ear drum do in straining and relaxing it as the braces of the war drum do in that.
- 1713, William Derham, Physico-Theology
- The state of being braced or tight; tension.
- 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech
- the laxness of the tympanum, when it has lost its brace or tension
- 1669, William Holder, Elements of Speech
- Harness; warlike preparation.
- (typography) A curved, pointed line, also known as "curly bracket": { or } connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be considered together, such as in {role, roll}; in music, used to connect staves.
- A pair, a couple; originally used of dogs, and later of animals generally (e.g., a brace of conies) and then other things, but rarely human persons. (The plural in this sense is unchanged.) In British use (as plural), this is a particularly common reference to game birds.
- 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 5 scene 1
- But you, my brace of lords, were I so minded,
- I here could pluck his highness' frown upon you,
- And justify you traitors
- 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain
- A brace of brethren, both bishops, both eminent for learning and religion, now appeared in the church
- 1859, George Meredith, The Ordeal of Richard Feverel, Chapter 5:
- "Are you a prime shot?'" said Richard.
- Ripton nodded knowingly, and answered, "Pretty good."
- "Then ww'll have a dozen brase apiece today," said Richard.
- 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 5 scene 1
- A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.
- (nautical) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.
- (Britain, Cornwall, mining) The mouth of a shaft.
- (Britain, chiefly in the plural) Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.
- (plural in North America, singular or plural in the UK) A system of wires, brackets, and elastic bands used to correct crooked teeth or to reduce overbite.
- (soccer) Two goals scored by one player in a game.
Synonyms
- (measure of length representing a person's outstretched arms): fathom
- (pair, couple): dyad, twosome; see also Thesaurus:duo
Derived terms
- curly brace
Translations
Verb
brace (third-person singular simple present braces, present participle bracing, simple past and past participle braced)
- (transitive, intransitive) To prepare for something bad, such as an impact or blow.
- All hands, brace for impact!
- Brace yourself!
- The boy has no idea about everything that's been going on. You need to brace him for what's about to happen.
- To place in a position for resisting pressure; to hold firmly.
- He braced himself against the crowd.
- (nautical) To swing round the yards of a square rigged ship, using braces, to present a more efficient sail surface to the direction of the wind.
- to brace the yards
- To stop someone for questioning, usually said of police.
- To confront with questions, demands or requests.
- 1980, Stephen King, The Wedding Gig
- Just about then the young kid who had braced us when we came in uttered a curse and made for the door.
- 1980, Stephen King, The Wedding Gig
- To furnish with braces; to support; to prop.
- to brace a beam in a building
- To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen.
- to brace the nerves
- 1825, Thomas Campbell, Hallowed Ground
- And welcome war to brace her drums.
- To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.
- The women of China […] , by bracing and binding them [their feet] from their infancy, have very little feet.
- 1815, Walter Scott, Lord of the Isles
- some who spurs had first braced on
Synonyms
- (strengthen): See also Thesaurus:strengthen
Translations
Related terms
- brace aback
- brace about
- brace abox
- brace by
- brace in
- brace oneself
- brace sharp
- brace of shakes
Anagrams
- acerb, caber, cabre, cabré
Italian
Alternative forms
- brage, bragia, bracia (archaic or regional)
Etymology
Perhaps from Gothic *???????????????????? (*brasa, “glowing coal”), from Proto-Germanic *bras? (“gleed, crackling coal”), Proto-Indo-European *b?res- (“to crack, break, burst”). Cognate with French braise (“embers”), Swedish brasa (“to roast”), Icelandic brasa (“to harden by fire”).Most probably cognate to Sanskrit ???? (bhrája, “fire”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?bra.t??e/
- Hyphenation: brà?ce
Noun
brace f (plural braci)
- (chiefly in the plural) embers
Derived terms
- braciaio
- braciaiola
- braciere
- bracino
- braciola
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old French brace, from Latin bracchia, plural of bracchium.
Alternative forms
- brase, braas, bras
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?bra?s(?)/
Noun
brace (uncountable)
- Vambrace; armour which protects the arm.
- A cord or brace for fastening or attaching things to something.
- A group or set of two dogs or canines.
- Wood used as a buttress or support for building.
- (rare) A support or buttress used in other applications.
- (rare) A kind of riding equipment or horse tack.
- (rare) A peninsula; a cape or slice of land jutting into the sea.
- (rare) A perch (unit of measure)
- (rare) A point of a cross or rood.
Derived terms
- bracen
- bracer
- brasyng
- rerebrace
- vambrace
Descendants
- English: brace
- Scots: brace
References
- “br?ce, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-08-11.
Etymology 2
Verb
brace
- Alternative form of bracen
Old French
Etymology
From Latin brachia, bracchia, originally the plural of bracchium.
Noun
brace f (oblique plural braces, nominative singular brace, nominative plural braces)
- arm (limb)
Related terms
- bras
Descendants
- ? Middle English: brace, brase, braas, bras
- English: brace
- Scots: brace
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (brace)
Romanian
Alternative forms
- braci
Etymology
From Latin br?cae, plural of br?ca.
Noun
brace f pl (plural only)
- (rare, Bukovina) underwear, undergarments, drawers, unmentionables
Declension
Synonyms
- indispensabili, chilo?i, izmene
Related terms
- îmbr?ca
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harden
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /?h??dn?/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?h??dn?/
- Rhymes: -??(?)d?n
- Hyphenation: hard?en
Etymology 1
From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard +? -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).
Verb
harden (third-person singular simple present hardens, present participle hardening, simple past and past participle hardened)
- (intransitive) To become hard (tough, resistant to pressure).
- (transitive, ergative) To make something hard or harder (tough, resistant to pressure).
- (transitive, figuratively) To strengthen.
- 2002, Jane's International Defense Review (volume 35)
- In view of the system's relatively low cost, the preferred alternative could be for the military user to avail himself of multiple base stations rather than seeking to harden the base station hardware for defense applications.
- 2002, Jane's International Defense Review (volume 35)
- (transitive, computing) To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
- (transitive, intransitive, dated) To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.
- Synonym: inure
- KJV, Exodus 4:21
- When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.
- (transitive, intransitive, phonology) To become or make (a consonant) more fortis.
Derived terms
- forharden
- hardened
- hardener
- hardening
- harden off
- harden someone's heart
- harden up
- overharden
Translations
Etymology 2
Noun
harden (countable and uncountable, plural hardens)
- Alternative form of hurden (“coarse linen”)
Anagrams
- Harned, Hendra, hander
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -?rd?n
Verb
harden
- (transitive) To render hard(er), more resistant etc.; to temper metal; to steel nerves
- De geharde veteranen verbeten de pijn zonder jammeren.
- The hardened veterans bore the pain without whining.
- De geharde veteranen verbeten de pijn zonder jammeren.
- (transitive) to endure, bear, stand, tolerate
Inflection
Synonyms
- (to endure) uithouden, verdragen
Noun
harden
- Plural form of harde
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