different between box vs cas

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /b?ks/
• (General American) enPR: bäks, IPA^(key): /b?ks/
• Rhymes: -?ks

Etymology 1

From Middle English box (“jar (usually cylindrical); type of container; strongbox for valuables or its contents; cupping glass for bloodletting; bone socket”), from Old English box (“box-tree; box, case”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhs? (“box tree; thing made from boxwood; box”), either from Latin buxus (“box tree; thing made from boxwood”), buxum (“box tree; boxwood”) (possibly from ????? (púxos, “box tree; boxwood”)); or from Late Latin buxis (“box”), Latin pyxis (“small box for medicines or toiletries”) (from Ancient Greek ????? (puxís, “box or tablet made of boxwood; box; cylinder”), from ????? (púxos) + -?? (-is, “suffix forming feminine nouns”)).

If the latter derivation is correct, the word is cognate with Middle Dutch bosse, busse (“jar; tin; round box”) (modern Dutch bos (“wood, forest”), bus (“container, box; bushing of a wheel”)), Old High German buhsa (Middle High German buhse, bühse, modern German Büchse (“box; can”)), Swedish hjulbössa (“wheel-box”).

The humorous plural form boxen is from box + -en, by analogy with oxen.

Noun

box (plural boxes or (nonstandard, computing, humorous) boxen)

1. Senses relating to a three-dimensional object or space.
   1. A cuboid space; a cuboid container, often with a hinged lid.

      Synonyms: case, package
   2. A cuboid container and its contents; as much as fills such a container.

      Synonym: boxful
   3. A compartment (as a drawer) of an item of furniture used for storage, such as a cupboard, a shelf, etc.
   4. A compartment or receptacle for receiving items.
      1. A numbered receptacle at a newspaper office for anonymous replies to advertisements; see also box number.
   5. A compartment to sit inside in an auditorium, courtroom, theatre, or other building.

      Synonym: loge
   6. The driver's seat on a horse-drawn coach.

      Synonym: box seat
   7. A small rectangular shelter.

      Synonyms: shelter, booth
   8. Short for horsebox (“container for transporting horses”).
   9. (rail transport) Short for signal box.
   10. (figuratively) A predicament or trap.
   11. (slang) A prison cell.
       • 1951, William S. Burroughs, in Harris (ed.), Letters 1945–59, Penguin 2009, p. 98:

         While sojourning in the box I was greatly impressed by the kindness and decency of the Mexican people.

       1. (slang) A cell used for solitary confinement.

          Synonym: hole

          • 2003, Elayne Rapping, Law and Justice as Seen on TV (page 83)

            He is fearless and contemptuous, apparently able to withstand any discipline—including nights “in the box” […]

          • 2009, Megan McLemore, Barred from Treatment

            He had been in disciplinary confinement (“the box”)—punishment reserved for serious prison offenses—for 14 months.

          • 2020, Erin Hatton, Coerced: Work Under Threat of Punishment (page 89)

            […] he explained, “you can go to the box. So, I got a ticket for refusing an order and I went to the box in that situation. […]

   12. (euphemistic) A coffin.
   13. (slang) Preceded by the: television.

       Synonyms: (Britain) telly, tube, TV
   14. (slang, vulgar) The vagina.

       Synonyms: see Thesaurus:vagina
   16. (computing, slang) A computer, or the case in which it is housed.

       Synonyms: computer, machine
   18. (cricket) A hard protector for the genitals worn inside the underpants by a batsman or close fielder.

       Synonym: (US) cup
   19. (cricket) Synonym of gully (“a certain fielding position”)
   20. (engineering) A cylindrical casing around the axle of a wheel, a bearing, a gland, etc.
   21. (fencing) A device used in electric fencing to detect whether a weapon has struck an opponent, which connects to a fencer's weapon by a spool and body wire. It uses lights and sound to notify a hit, with different coloured lights for on target and off target hits.
   22. (dated) A small country house.
       • 1782, Frances Burney, Cecilia, III.vi.9:

         “I dare say the sheriff, or the mayor and corporation, or some of those sort of people, would give him money enough, for the use of it, to run him up a mighty pretty neat little box somewhere near Richmond.”
2. Senses relating to a two-dimensional object or space
   1. A rectangle: an oblong or a square.
   2. (baseball) The rectangle in which the batter stands.
   3. (genetics) One of two specific regions in a promoter.
   4. (juggling) A pattern usually performed with three balls where the movements of the balls make a boxlike shape.
   5. (lacrosse, informal) Short for box lacrosse (“indoor form of lacrosse”).
   6. (soccer) The penalty area.

Usage notes

• (computing): the humorous plural form boxen is occasionally used.

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Translations

See also

• tofu (“empty box displayed by some computer systems in place of a character not supported by available fonts”)

Verb

box (third-person singular simple present boxes, present participle boxing, simple past and past participle boxed)

1. (transitive) To place inside a box; to pack in one or more boxes.
2. (transitive) Usually followed by in: to surround and enclose in a way that restricts movement; to corner, to hem in.
3. (transitive) To mix two containers of paint of similar colour to ensure that the color is identical.
4. (transitive, agriculture) To make an incision or hole in (a tree) for the purpose of procuring the sap.
5. (transitive, architecture) To enclose with boarding, lathing, etc., so as to conceal (for example, pipes) or to bring to a required form.
6. (transitive, engineering) To furnish (for example, the axle of a wheel) with a box.
7. (transitive, graphic design, printing) To enclose (images, text, etc.) in a box.
8. (transitive, object-oriented programming) To place a value of a primitive type into a corresponding object.

Synonyms

• (to place inside a box): box up, case, embox, encase, pack, pack up, package

Antonyms

• (place inside a box): unbox, uncase, unpack

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English box (“box tree; boxwood”), from Old English box (“box tree”), from Proto-West Germanic *buhs (“box tree; thing made from boxwood”), from Latin buxus (“box tree; thing made from boxwood”), buxum (“box tree; boxwood”), possibly from ????? (púxos, “box tree; boxwood”).

Noun

box (plural boxes)

1. Any of various evergreen shrubs or trees of the genus Buxus, especially the common box, European box, or boxwood (Buxus sempervirens) which is often used for making hedges and topiary.
2. The wood from a box tree: boxwood.
3. (music, slang) A musical instrument, especially one made from boxwood.
4. (Australia) An evergreen tree of the genus Lophostemon (for example, the box scrub, Brisbane box, brush box, pink box, or Queensland box, Lophostemon confertus).
5. (Australia) Various species of Eucalyptus trees are popularly called various kinds of boxes, on the basis of the nature of their wood, bark, or appearance for example, the drooping (Eucalyptus bicolor), shiny-leaved (Eucalyptus tereticornis), black, or ironbark box trees.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English box (“a blow; a stroke with a weapon”); further origin uncertain. The following etymologies have been suggested:

• Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *boki-, whence Danish bask (“a blow; a stripe”), Danish baske (“to flap, move around, beat violently”), Middle Dutch boke (“a blow, a hit”), b?ken (“to slap, strike”) (modern Dutch beuken (“to slap”)), West Frisian bûtse, bûtsje (“to slap”), Saterland Frisian batsje (“to slap”), Low German betschen (“to slap, beat with a flat hand”), Middle High German buc (“a blow, a stroke”), bochen (“to slap, strike”).
• Possibly onomatopoeic.
• Possibly from box (“cuboid space; container”), perhaps referring to the shape of the fist.
• Possibly from Ancient Greek ??? (púx, “with clenched fist”), ????? (pugm?, “fist; boxing”).

The verb is from Middle English boxen (“to beat or whip (an animal)”), which is derived from the noun.

Noun

box (plural boxes)

1. A blow with the fist.

Synonyms

• blow
• cuff
• punch

Translations

Verb

box (third-person singular simple present boxes, present participle boxing, simple past and past participle boxed)

1. (transitive) To strike with the fists; to punch.
2. (transitive, boxing) To fight against (a person) in a boxing match.
3. (intransitive, boxing) To participate in boxing; to be a boxer.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? French: boxer
• ? Galician: boxear
• ? German: boxen
• ? Portuguese: boxear, boxar
• ? Spanish: boxear

Translations

Etymology 4

From Latin b?x, from Ancient Greek ??? (bôx, “box (marine fish)”), from ???? (boûs, “ox”) + ?? (?ps, “eye, view”), a reference to the large size of the fish's eyes relative to its body.

Noun

box (plural boxes)

1. (dated) A Mediterranean food fish of the genus Boops, which is a variety of sea bream; a bogue or oxeye.

Translations

References

Further reading

• box on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• box (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• box at OneLook Dictionary Search

Czech

Noun

box m

1. boxing (the sport of boxing)

Declension

Related terms

• boxér
• boxérky
• boxovat

Further reading

• box in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• box in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English box.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?ks/
• Hyphenation: box
• Rhymes: -?ks
• Homophone: boks

Noun

box m (plural boxen, diminutive boxje n)

1. speaker, loudspeaker

   Synonyms: luidspreker, speaker

2. playpen
3. compartment for livestock

French

Etymology

From English box. Doublet of boîte.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b?ks/

Noun

box m (plural box or boxes)

1. stall (for a horse), loose box
2. compartment, cubicle
3. garage, lock-up (for a car)

Derived terms

• box des accusés

Further reading

• “box” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Noun

box f (plural box)

1. Electronic equipment used for internet access (component of the digital subscriber line technology)

Hungarian

Noun

box

1. Misspelling of boksz.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?xs/

Noun

box n (genitive singular box, nominative plural box)

1. box (container)

   Synonym: kassi

2. (sports) boxing

   Synonym: hnefaleikar

Declension

Derived terms

• boxa
• boxhanski
• nestisbox

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English box.

Noun

box m (invariable)

1. horsebox
2. garage, lock-up (for a car)
3. (motor racing) pit
4. playpen

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ??? (b?x).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /bo?ks/, [bo?ks?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /boks/, [b?ks]

Noun

b?x m (genitive b?cis); third declension

1. A kind of marine fish

Declension

Third-declension noun.

References

• box in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• box in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• box in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Middle English

Alternative forms

• boxe

Etymology

From Old English box, from Proto-West Germanic *buhs?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?b?ks/
• Rhymes: -?ks

Noun

box (plural boxs)

1. A cylindrical jar.
2. A case, container or strongbox.

Descendants

• English: box (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: box

References

• “box, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *buhs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /boks/

Noun

box m

1. box
2. box tree

Declension

Derived terms

• boxtr?ow
• byxen
• ?ewyrtbox
• s?pbox
• sealfbox

Descendants

• Middle English: box, boxe
  • English: box (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots: box

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• boxe (prescriptive)

Etymology

Borrowed from English box.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?b?ks/

Noun

box m (Brazil) or f (Portugal) (plural boxes) (proscribed)

1. stall (for a horse)
2. electronic equipment used for internet access (component of the digital subscriber line technology)
3. (Brazil) the curtain or glass panes which separate the shower from the rest of the bathroom; shower stall
   • 2003, Eileen G. de Paiva e Mello, Questão de Tempo, Thesaurus Editora, page 150:

     A mais velha procurava arrancar a cortina do box, pendurando-se nela!

     The oldest one wanted to pull off the stall curtain by hanging to it!

Derived terms

• encostar às boxes

Romanian

Etymology 1

From French boxe.

Noun

box n (plural boxuri)

1. (sports) boxing (the sport of)
2. A kind of sword.

Synonyms

• (the sport): pugilat, pugilism, pugilistic?

Etymology 2

From French box.

Noun

box

1. bovine leather

Etymology 3

Noun

box

1. A breed of bulldog.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English box. Doublet of buje.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?bo?s/, [?bo??s]

Noun

box m (plural boxes)

1. boxing (sport)
2. (motor racing) pit
3. (sports) box

Derived terms

• calle de boxes
• parada en boxes
• parar en boxes

Further reading

• “box” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Homophone: bocks

Noun

box c

1. box, crate; a cuboid container

Declension

Derived terms

• frysbox
• kylbox
• postbox

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kæ?/

Adjective

cas (comparative more cas, superlative most cas)

1. Informal abbreviation for casual

Anagrams

• A/Cs, ACS, ACs, ASC, CSA, SAC, SCA, Sac, a/cs, acs, sac

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin c?sus (“case”).

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?kas/
• Rhymes: -as

Noun

cas m (plural casos)

1. case (event, situation, or fact)

Derived terms

• fer cas
• per si de cas
• per si un cas

Further reading

• “cas” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “cas” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Drehu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?s/

Numeral

cas

1. one

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "?De’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

French

Etymology

From Old French cas, borrowed from Latin c?sus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?/
• Rhymes: -?

Noun

cas m (plural cas)

1. case, situation
2. (medicine) case
3. (law) case

4. (grammar) case

Derived terms

Further reading

• “cas” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• ASC
• sac

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese cas (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), proclitic form of casa (“house”) in some adverbial phrases.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /?kas/

Noun

cas f (plural cas)

1. house; chez
   • 19th century, folk-song:

     Trigo limpo non o hai; se queres algún centeo, vai por el a cas meu pai

     There's no clean wheat; if you want some rye, go fetch it chez my father

Usage notes

When preceding the preposition de this proclitic form, rather than casa, is frequently used.

Derived terms

References

• “cas” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “cas d” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “cas” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “cas” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “cas” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?t??as]
• Hyphenation: cas

Etymology 1

Unknown. Compare Malay cas.

Noun

cas (first-person possessive casku, second-person possessive casmu, third-person possessive casnya)

1. A type of hand game

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From English charge.

Verb

cas

1. (colloquial) to charge, to add energy to (a battery, or a device containing a battery).

Derived terms

Further reading

• “cas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cass (“curly, curly-haired”), from Proto-Celtic *kassos (“curly, twisted, woven”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Aran) IPA^(key): /k?s?/
• (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /kas?/

Adjective

cas (genitive singular masculine cais, genitive singular feminine caise, plural casa, comparative caise)

1. twisted, winding; curly
2. complicated, intricate
3. twisty, devious

Declension

Verb

cas (present analytic casann, future analytic casfaidh, verbal noun casadh, past participle casta) (transitive, intransitive)

1. twist
2. turn
3. wind
4. (with ar, thar) twist, wind, wrap (something) around (something else)
5. (voice, music, idiomatic) sing, play (a song, tune)

6. return
7. (with le)
   1. reproach with
   2. attempt
8. (with ar, do, le) meet with

9. (with chuig, ag) happen to have

Conjugation

• Alternative verbal noun: castáil (Cois Fharraige)

Synonyms

• cor

Derived terms

Noun

cas m (genitive singular casta, nominative plural castaí)

1. Alternative form of casadh

Mutation

Further reading

• "cas" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “cas” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “cas” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

References

• Matasovi?, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, ?ISBN

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *?as?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t?sas/

Noun

cas m

1. time (inevitable passing of events)

Declension

Derived terms

• casnik

Further reading

• cas in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): S?ownik dolnoserbskeje r?cy a jeje nar?cow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
• cas in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski s?ownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.

Middle English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French cas.

Noun

cas (plural cass)

1. case (event, happening)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kas/

Contraction

cas

1. (colloquial) Contraction of com as.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish cos, from Proto-Celtic *koxs?, from Proto-Indo-European *ko?s-eh?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?as/

Noun

cas f (genitive singular coise, plural casan)

1. leg
2. foot
3. handle

Usage notes

• The dative form is cois:

Derived terms

Adjective

cas (comparative caise)

1. steep

Mutation

Spanish

Etymology

Named by indigenous peoples in Costa Rica (Chibchan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kas/, [?kas]

Noun

cas m (plural cases)

1. the fruit of a very tart species of guava

   Synonyms: guayaba de cas, guayaba de Costa Rica, guayaba agria

2. the tree that bears those fruits, Psidium friedrichsthalianum

References

• Robertiello, Jack: Guava/Xalxocotl/Aracu/Guayaba, cited in Américas, Volumes 42-44 (1990), p. 58

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ka?s/

Etymology 1

Adjective

cas (feminine singular cas, plural cas, equative cased, comparative casach, superlative casaf)

1. hateful, nasty

2. unpleasant, difficult
3. averse to

Derived terms

• cas beth
• casáu

Noun

cas m (plural casau or casoedd)

1. hatred, hatefulness

Etymology 2

Noun

cas m (plural casiau)

1. case, container

   Synonym: cynhwysydd

Etymology 3

Abbreviated form of castell (“castle”).

Noun

cas m (uncountable)

1. Used in place names.

Derived terms

• Cas-gwent (“Chepstow”)
• Casllwchwr (“Loughor”)
• Casnewydd (“Newport”)

Etymology 4

Inflected form of cael (“to have; to receive, to get”).

Verb

cas

1. third-person singular preterite of cael

Alternative forms

• cadd (poetic)
• caeth (colloquial)
• cafas (obsolete)
• cafodd

Mutation