different between bluff vs summary

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /bl?f/
• Rhymes: -?f

Etymology 1

Probably from Dutch bluffen (“to brag”), from Middle Dutch bluffen (“to make something swell; to bluff”); or from the Dutch noun bluf (“bragging”). Related to German verblüffen (“to stump, perplex”).

Noun

bluff (countable and uncountable, plural bluffs)

1. An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one's position in order to intimidate; braggadocio.

2. (poker) An attempt to represent oneself as holding a stronger hand than one actually does.

3. (US, dated) The card game poker.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)

4. One who bluffs; a bluffer.
5. (slang, dated) An excuse.

Derived terms

• call someone's bluff

Translations

Verb

bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)

1. (poker) To make a bluff; to give the impression that one's hand is stronger than it is.

2. (by analogy) To frighten or deter with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate and gain some advantage.

3. To take advantage by bluffing.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Related to Middle Low German blaff (“smooth”).

Noun

bluff (plural bluffs)

1. A high, steep bank, for example by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff with a broad face.
3. (Canadian Prairies) A small wood or stand of trees, typically poplar or willow.

Derived terms

• Council Bluffs
• DeValls Bluff
• Red Bluff
• Scotts Bluff County

Translations

Adjective

bluff (comparative bluffer, superlative bluffest)

1. Having a broad, flattened front.

2. Rising steeply with a flat or rounded front.
   • 1769, William Falconer, "Côte en écore" (entry in An Universal Dictionary of the Marine)

     a bluff or bold shore

   • 1845, Sylvester Judd, Margaret: A Tale of the Real and the Ideal, Blight and Bloom; Including Sketches of a Place Not Before Described, Called Mons Christi

     Its banks, if not really steep, had a bluff and precipitous aspect.

3. Surly; churlish; gruff; rough.
   • 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island

     […] he had a bluff, rough-and-ready face, all roughened and reddened and lined in his long travels.

4. Roughly frank and hearty in one's manners.

   Synonyms: abrupt, unceremonious, blunt, brusque

   • 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening

     There is indeed a bluff pertinacity which is a proper defence in a moment of surprise.

Translations

Etymology 3

Possibly onomatopoeic, perhaps related to blow and puff.

Verb

bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)

1. To fluff, puff or swell up.

Translations

References

• “bluff” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.

Further reading

• bluff on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Bluff in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Danish

Alternative forms

• bluf

Etymology

Borrowed from English bluff.

Noun

bluff n

1. bluff

Related terms

French

Etymology

Borrowed from English bluff.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /blœf/

Noun

bluff m (plural bluffs)

1. (chiefly card games) bluff

Further reading

• “bluff” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from English bluff.

Noun

bluff c

1. a bluff

Declension

Related terms

• bluffa
• bluffare
• bluffmakare

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin summ?rius, from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?s?m??i/
• Homophone: summery

Adjective

summary (comparative more summary, superlative most summary)

1. Concise, brief or presented in a condensed form

   A summary review is in the appendix.

2. Performed speedily and without formal ceremony.

   They used summary executions to break the resistance of the people.

3. (law) Performed by skipping the procedures of a standard and fair trial.

   Summary justice is bad justice.

Derived terms

• summarily

Translations

Noun

summary (plural summaries)

1. An abstract or a condensed presentation of the substance of a body of material.

Synonyms

• upshot, bottom line, short form (slang)
• Thesaurus:summary

Derived terms

Translations