different between bluff vs gruff
bluff
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /bl?f/
- Rhymes: -?f
Etymology 1
Probably from Dutch bluffen (“to brag”), from Middle Dutch bluffen (“to make something swell; to bluff”); or from the Dutch noun bluf (“bragging”). Related to German verblüffen (“to stump, perplex”).
Noun
bluff (countable and uncountable, plural bluffs)
- An act of bluffing; a false expression of the strength of one's position in order to intimidate; braggadocio.
- (poker) An attempt to represent oneself as holding a stronger hand than one actually does.
- (US, dated) The card game poker.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)
- One who bluffs; a bluffer.
- (slang, dated) An excuse.
Derived terms
- call someone's bluff
Translations
Verb
bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)
- (poker) To make a bluff; to give the impression that one's hand is stronger than it is.
- (by analogy) To frighten or deter with a false show of strength or confidence; to give a false impression of strength or temerity in order to intimidate and gain some advantage.
- To take advantage by bluffing.
Derived terms
Translations
Etymology 2
Related to Middle Low German blaff (“smooth”).
Noun
bluff (plural bluffs)
- A high, steep bank, for example by a river or the sea, or beside a ravine or plain; a cliff with a broad face.
- (Canadian Prairies) A small wood or stand of trees, typically poplar or willow.
Derived terms
- Council Bluffs
- DeValls Bluff
- Red Bluff
- Scotts Bluff County
Translations
Adjective
bluff (comparative bluffer, superlative bluffest)
- Having a broad, flattened front.
- Rising steeply with a flat or rounded front.
- 1769, William Falconer, "Côte en écore" (entry in An Universal Dictionary of the Marine)
- a bluff or bold shore
- 1845, Sylvester Judd, Margaret: A Tale of the Real and the Ideal, Blight and Bloom; Including Sketches of a Place Not Before Described, Called Mons Christi
- Its banks, if not really steep, had a bluff and precipitous aspect.
- 1769, William Falconer, "Côte en écore" (entry in An Universal Dictionary of the Marine)
- Surly; churlish; gruff; rough.
- 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- […] he had a bluff, rough-and-ready face, all roughened and reddened and lined in his long travels.
- 1883: Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- Roughly frank and hearty in one's manners.
- Synonyms: abrupt, unceremonious, blunt, brusque
- 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening
- There is indeed a bluff pertinacity which is a proper defence in a moment of surprise.
Translations
Etymology 3
Possibly onomatopoeic, perhaps related to blow and puff.
Verb
bluff (third-person singular simple present bluffs, present participle bluffing, simple past and past participle bluffed)
- To fluff, puff or swell up.
Translations
References
- “bluff” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
Further reading
- bluff on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Bluff in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
Danish
Alternative forms
- bluf
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Noun
bluff n
- bluff
Related terms
French
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /blœf/
Noun
bluff m (plural bluffs)
- (chiefly card games) bluff
Further reading
- “bluff” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Swedish
Etymology
Borrowed from English bluff.
Noun
bluff c
- a bluff
Declension
Related terms
- bluffa
- bluffare
- bluffmakare
bluff From the web:
- what bluff means
- what bluffing means
- what bluff means in spanish
- what's bluff city
- what bluff means in poker
- what bluff means in tagalog
- what's bluff body
- bluffer meaning
gruff
English
Etymology
From Middle Dutch grof (“coarse”). Cognate to Low German groff, Dutch grof, and German grob. The American Heritage Dictionary relates it to a hypothetical Proto-Germanic "ga-hrub-", related to *hreubaz (“rough, scabby, scrubby”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???f/
- Rhymes: -?f
Adjective
gruff (comparative gruffer, superlative gruffest)
- having a rough, surly, and harsh demeanor and nature.
- hoarse-voiced.
Quotations
- 1727 "The manner of it was more after the pleasing Transports of those ancient Poets you are often charm'd with, than after the fierce unsociable way of modern Zealots; those starch'd gruff Gentlemen, who guard Religion as Bullys to a Mistress, and give us the while a very indifferent Opinion of their Lady's Merit, and their own Wit, by adoring what they neither allow to be inspected by others, nor care themselves to examine in a fair light." — Anthony Ashley Cooper Shaftesbury. Characteristicks of men, manners, opinions, times. Vol II. p218
- 1729 "They had no Titles of Honour among them, but such as denoted some Bodily Strength or Perfection, as such an one the Tall, such an one the Stocky, such an one the Gruff." — Joseph Addison, Richard Steele. The Spectator. Vol VI, No 433. p146
- 1825 "Mr. Suberville, as well as she, surprised and pleased at this proof of politeness so unsuited to his gouty appearance and gruff manners, looked at him in astonishment, but were sorry to perceive him stoop down as if he had strained his leg in the exertion, while the pain it caused seemed to have driven every drop of his blood into his sallow face." — Thomas Colley Grattan. High-ways and by-ways. Vol III. p209-10
Derived terms
- gruffly
- gruffness
Translations
Verb
gruff (third-person singular simple present gruffs, present participle gruffing, simple past and past participle gruffed)
- To speak gruffly.
- 2001, Benny Hinn, He Touched Me: An Autobiography
- “Who gave you that?” replied my father angrily. “Did you bribe someone?” “No,” I told him. “It was a gift, from some people who really want me to be on this trip.” “Fine,” he gruffed.
- 2001, Benny Hinn, He Touched Me: An Autobiography
Swedish
Noun
gruff n
- argument, quarrel
gruff From the web:
- what gruff means
- gruffalo meaning
- gruffly meaning
- gruffalo what can you hear
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