different between blast vs afflatus

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: bläst, IPA^(key): /bl??st/
• (US) enPR: bl?st, IPA^(key): /blæst/
• Rhymes: -??st
• Rhymes: -æst

Etymology 1

From Middle English blast from Old English bl?st (“blowing, blast”), from Proto-Germanic *bl?staz, *bl?stuz (“blowing, blast”). Cognate with obsolete German Blast (“wind, blowing”). More at blow.

Noun

blast (plural blasts)

2. A violent gust of wind.

   • And see where surly Winter passes off, / Far to the north, and calls his ruffian blasts; / His blasts obey, and quit the howling hill.

3. A forcible stream of gas or liquid from an orifice, for example from a bellows, the mouth, etc.
4. A hit from a pipe.
5. The continuous blowing to which one charge of ore or metal is subjected in a furnace

   many tons of iron were melted at a blast

   • 1957, H.R. Schubert, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry, p. 146:

     Blast was produced by bellows worked by four 'blowers', three of whom worked at a time while the fourth stood ready to replace one of the others.

6. The exhaust steam from an engine, driving a column of air out of a boiler chimney, and thus creating an intense draught through the fire; also, any draught produced by the blast.
7. An explosion, especially for the purpose of destroying a mass of rock, etc.
8. An explosive charge for blasting.
   • 1852-1854, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts

     Large blasts are often used.

9. A loud, sudden sound.
   • c. 1832, William Cullen Bryant, The Battle-Field

     the blast of triumph o'er thy grave
10. A sudden, pernicious effect, as if by a noxious wind, especially on animals and plants; a blight.

    • By the blast of God they perish, and by the breath of his nostrils are they consumed.
11. (figuratively, informal) A good time; an enjoyable moment.

    We had a blast at the party last night.

12. (marketing) A promotional message sent to an entire mailing list.

    an e-mail blast; a fax blast

13. A flatulent disease of sheep.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English blasten, blesten, from Old English bl?stan (“to blow, blast”), from Proto-Germanic *bl?stijan?. Compare Middle High German blesten (“to stand out, plop, splash”).

Verb

blast (third-person singular simple present blasts, present participle blasting, simple past and past participle blasted)

1. (transitive) To make an impression on, by making a loud blast or din.
2. (intransitive) To make a loud noise.
3. (transitive) To shatter, as if by an explosion.
4. (transitive) To open up a hole in, usually by means of a sudden and imprecise method (such as an explosion).

   Blast right through it.

5. (transitive) To curse; to damn.

   Blast it! Foiled again.

6. (transitive) (sci-fi) To shoot, especially with an energy weapon (as opposed to one which fires projectiles).

   Chewbacca blasted the Stormtroopers with his laser rifle.

7. (soccer) To shoot; kick the ball in hope of scoring a goal.
8. To criticize or reprimand severely; to verbally discipline or punish.

   My manager suddenly blasted me yesterday for being a little late to work for five days in a row, because I was never getting myself up on time.

9. (transitive) To bring destruction or ruin on; to destroy.
10. (transitive) To blight or wither.

    A cold wind blasted the rose plants.

11. (intransitive, obsolete) To be blighted or withered.

    The bud blasted in the blossom.

12. (intransitive, obsolete) To blow, for example on a trumpet.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Italian: blastare

Translations

Interjection

blast

1. (chiefly British, informal) To show displeasure or disappointment; damn

Usage notes

Can be used on its own or in the form "blast it!".

Translations

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek ??????? (blastós, “germ or sprout”).

Noun

blast (plural blasts)

1. (cytology) An immature or undifferentiated cell (e.g., lymphoblast, myeloblast).

Derived terms

• blast cell
• blastocyte
• blastoma

Translations

Etymology 4

From BLAST (an acronym for Basic Local Alignment Search Tool).

Verb

blast (third-person singular simple present blasts, present participle blasting, simple past and past participle blasted)

1. (biology, informal, transitive) To run a nucleotide sequence (for nucleic acids) or an amino acid sequence (for proteins) through a BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool).
   • 2004, Andreas Bommarius and Bettina Riebel-Bommarius, Biocatalysis: Fundamentals and Applications, p. 425:

     Blasting nucleotide sequences is not always that easy, because there is more ambiguity to the nucleotide sequence, and good hits have to have a 70% homology over the whole sequence to be reliable, compared to 25% with proteins.

Alternative forms

• BLAST

Anagrams

• Balts, blats

German

Verb

blast

1. inflection of blasen:
   1. second-person plural present
   2. plural imperative

Irish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ??????? (blastós, “germ, sprout”).

Noun

blast m (genitive singular blast, nominative plural blastaí)

1. (cytology) blast

Declension

Derived terms

• -blast
• blastchill (“blast cell”)

Mutation

Middle English

Alternative forms

• blaste, blæst, blest

Etymology

From Old English bl?st, from Proto-Germanic *bl?stuz; equivalent to blasen +? -th.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /blast/, /bl??st/

Noun

blast (plural blastes)

1. A blast; a sudden and forceful motion of wind.
2. One's breathing or respiring; the act of respiration.
3. The blast produced by a musical instrument.
4. An emission or expulsion of fire or flames.
5. The sound produced by thunder or storms.
6. (rare) The making of a pronouncement or proclamation.
7. (rare) One's spiritual essence; the soul.
8. (rare) A striking or attack.
9. (rare) Flatulence; the making of a fart.

Derived terms

• blasten

Descendants

• English: blast
• Scots: blast

References

• “blast, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-27.

Swedish

Noun

blast c (definite form blasten)

1. (uncountable) The stem and leaves of a vegetable, of which you're only supposed to eat the root. E.g. in potatoes or carrots.

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin affl?tus (“a breath, an act of breathing out or breathing upon; breeze, gust of air, vapour, wind; inspiration”), from affl?re (from affl? (“to blow, to breathe”), from ad- (“prefix meaning ‘to, towards’”) + fl? (“to blow, to breathe”)) + -tus (“suffix producing an action noun from a verb”). The related Latin word adfl?t? was first used in the “inspiration” sense by the Roman orator and philosopher Cicero (106–43 B.C.E.) in De Natura Deorum (The Nature of the Gods, 44 B.C.E.), book II, section 167.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /??fle?t?s/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /??fle?t?s/, /-??s/
• Rhymes: -e?t?s
• Hyphenation: af?fla?tus

Noun

afflatus (plural afflatuses)

1. A sudden rush of creative impulse or inspiration, often attributed to divine influence.

Synonyms

• afflation

Related terms

• afflate
• deflate, deflation
• flatulence, flatus
• inflate, inflation

Translations

References

Further reading

• afflatus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of affl? (“I blow, breathe (on or towards)”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?af.fla.tus/, [?äf???ät??s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?af.fla.tus/, [??f?l?t?us]

Noun

affl?tus m (genitive affl?t?s); fourth declension

1. breath (directed upon some object)
2. (poetry, religion) afflation (from an inspiring spirit from an unknown source in Cicero; from a divine spirit in a pagan context or from the Holy Spirit in later Christian contexts)

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

Descendants

Participle

affl?tus (feminine affl?ta, neuter affl?tum); first/second-declension participle

1. blown, breathed on, having been blown or breathed on

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

References

• afflatus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• afflatus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette