different between backward vs antique

English

Etymology

From Middle English bakwarde, abakward, equivalent to back (adverb) +? -ward.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?bæk.w?(?)d/
• (US) enPR: b?k'w?rd, IPA^(key): /?bækw?d/

Adjective

backward (comparative more backward, superlative most backward)

1. Situated toward or at the rear of something.

   The silt collects in the backward part of the tank.

2. Acting or moving in the direction opposite to that in which someone or something is facing.

3. Acting or moving in the direction opposite to the usual direction of movement.

   Engage the lock to prevent backward rotation of the wheel.

   Synonym: retrograde

4. (figuratively) Acting or moving oppositely to the desired direction of progress.

5. Reversed in order or sequence.

   This backward writing is hard to read.

6. Reluctant or unable to advance or act.
7. (may be offensive) Of a culture, country, practice etc., undeveloped or unsophisticated.

   They were a backward people without any writing.
8. (may be offensive) Slow to apprehend; having difficulties in learning.

9. Lacking progressive or enlightened thought; outdated.

   The party's ideas and policies are very backward.

   Synonyms: antediluvian, antiquated, backwards, parachronistic, retrograde; see also Thesaurus:obsolete

   Antonym: progressive

10. Late or behindhand.

    Synonyms: overdue, tardy; see also Thesaurus:overdue

11. (chess) Of a pawn, further behind than pawns of the same colour on adjacent files and unable to be moved forward safely.
12. (cricket) On that part of the field behind the batsman's popping crease.
13. (cricket) Further behind the batsman's popping crease than something else.
14. (obsolete) Unwilling; averse; reluctant.
15. (obsolete) Already past or gone; bygone.

    Synonyms: forepast, historical; see also Thesaurus:past

Usage notes

Backwards is possible as a synonym for most senses, both adjectival and adverbial.

• Strictly speaking, in British English backward is an adjective and backwards is an adverb:

  It was a backward move vs He moved backwards

In American English, the rule may be reversed, and in written American English, backward is more common for the adverb. This follows the same usage for similar words ending in -ward/-wards and -way/-ways. See also -wise.

• Only the -ward forms are commonly used in combination with an adjective, e.g.:

  A backward-facing statue.

Synonyms

• (toward the back): hindwards, rearward, retrograde
• (in the opposite direction of usual): contrariwise, reversedly; See also Thesaurus:contrarily
• (so that the back precedes the front): back to front, in reverse; See also Thesaurus:back to front

Derived terms

Synonyms

• (reversed): mirror image, switched, back to front
• (undeveloped): crude, dated, obsolete, primitive; see also Thesaurus:obsolete

Translations

Adverb

backward (comparative more backward, superlative most backward)

1. At, near or towards the rear of something.

   The passenger turned around and walked backward, towards the tail of the aircraft.

2. In a direction opposite to that in which someone or something is facing or normally pointing.

   He tilted his head backward.

   The grandfather clock toppled backward and crashed to the ground.

   Her arm was bent backward at an odd angle.

3. In a direction opposite to the usual direction of movement.

   In reverse gear the wheel turns backward.

4. (figuratively) Oppositely to the desired direction of progress, or from a better to a worse state.

   This project seems to be going backward.

   • 1700, John Dryden, Theodore and Honoria

     The work went backward.

5. In a reversed orientation; back to front.

   He had his cap on backward.

6. In a reversed order or sequence.

   A palindrome reads the same backward as forward.

7. Toward or into the past;

   As we begin the new millennium, it behoves us to look backward as well as forward.

8. (obsolete) In the past.
9. By way of reflection; reflexively. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Sir J. Davies to this entry?)

Usage notes

See notes under adjective sense.

Antonyms

• forward, forwards

Translations

Noun

backward

1. The state behind or past.

Translations

Related terms

• backwards

References

• backward at OneLook Dictionary Search
• backward in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• draw back, drawback

English

Alternative forms

• anticke (obsolete)

Etymology

Borrowed from French antique (“ancient, old”), from Latin antiquus (“former, earlier, ancient, old”), from ante (“before”); see ante-. Doublet of antic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /æn?ti?k/
• Rhymes: -i?k

Adjective

antique (comparative antiquer, superlative antiquest)

1. Having existed in ancient times, descended from antiquity; used especially in reference to Greece and Rome.
2. Belonging to former times, not modern, out of date, old-fashioned.
3. (typography) Designating a style of type.
4. (bookbinding) Embossed without gilt.
5. (obsolete) Synonym of antic, specifically:
   1. Fantastic, odd, wild, antic.

Synonyms

• (out of date): antiquated, disused, outdated; see also Thesaurus:obsolete

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

antique (plural antiques)

1. In general, anything very old; specifically:
   2. An old object perceived as having value because of its aesthetic or historical significance.
   3. An object of ancient times.
   4. (in the singular) The style or manner of ancient times, used especially of Greek and Roman art.
   5. (figuratively, mildly derogatory) An old person.
   6. (obsolete) A man of ancient times.
2. (typography) A style of type of thick and bold face in which all lines are of equal or nearly equal thickness.
3. (obsolete) Synonym of antic, specifically:
   1. Grotesque entertainment; an antic.
   2. A performer in an antic; or in general, a burlesque performer, a buffoon.

Synonyms

• (old person): coffin dodger, geriatric, oldster; see also Thesaurus:old person
• (man of ancient times): ancient

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

antique (third-person singular simple present antiques, present participle antiquing, simple past and past participle antiqued)

1. (intransitive) To search or shop for antiques.
2. (transitive) To make an object appear to be an antique in some way.
3. (transitive, bookbinding) To emboss without gilding.

Further reading

• antique in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• antique in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

References

Anagrams

• quinate

French

Etymology

From Old French antique, from antic, borrowed from Latin ant?quus. Confer also the inherited Old French antive, from the Latin feminine ant?qua, which analogically influenced a masculine form antif (compare a similar occurrence in Spanish antiguo).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.tik/
• Rhymes: -ik
• Rhymes: -??tik

Adjective

antique (plural antiques)

1. ancient
2. relating to the Antiquity

Derived terms

• Grèce antique
• Rome antique

Related terms

• antiquité

See also

• ancien
• vieux

Further reading

• “antique” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• taquine, taquiné

Italian

Adjective

antique

1. feminine plural of antiquo

Anagrams

• nequità

Latin

Adjective

ant?que

1. vocative masculine singular of ant?quus

References

• antique in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• antique in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• antique in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

Portuguese

Verb

antique

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of antiquar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of antiquar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of antiquar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of antiquar